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This article talks about the economy of Turkey and how it has changed rapidly within a few years all because of political stability, they say.

Whether you own a sprawling estate or a shoebox with a tiny garden, any oil or natural gas to be found underground belongs to the Queen. How did this happen?

this article relates to week 18 economics and politics. the governments influence to oppress communication has resulted Ethiopia for only 2.5% of the population of 90 million able to use the internet.

The following article summarizes Obama's speech, where he talks about how the economy is gradually recovering from the financial crisis. The President states how the housing, manufacturing and automotive markets are rebounding, and thus leading the US out of the financial crisis. Obama then explains how there still is a long road ahead for the financial crisis to be overcome, in order for nobody to be left behind without a job.

The following article talks about Obama's Budget for the US this year. It proposes low-income tax breaks, to further decrease the income inequality in the US and give more benefits to the low income earners in the US.

Germany has dropped its opposition to an EU trade deal with Canada despite continuing concerns over the inclusion of controversial investor protection rules. This is an example of an international trade agreement and how is can be difficult for governments to balance domestic politics with international politics.

The Australia government is proposing a change in their confusing government subsidies for childcare to have one single payment which subsidizes up to 90% for low income families. This is a tool to reduce income inequality and to encourage young children from lower income groups to be able to have a strong foundation in their education. The problem of this subsidy is the question of the unhappiness of the taxes payers who may resist this proposal because of the higher government expenditure incurred on families which may have many social problems and are unable to have a stable employment.

The following article talks about how Obama is trying to help the poor of the United States by "expanding low income tax breaks" and offering them other benefits as well. This would hopefully not only benefit the poor, but also increase AD in the economy as now more people have more money to spend.

The Minister of Education, Mr. David Laws, wants to reduce the national expenditure on school uniform. He believes that the inflated price of school uniform up to 52 million pounds per year is excessive. The schools in the UK have to reduce the opportunity cost of demanding overly priced uniform. This practice must be stopped. In implementing this policy, British families would be able to save 52 million pounds in one year, which is a sizeable proportion of many poor families budgets. In many lower income families in this period of recession, families who are depending on food banks will benefit from this opportunity cost of spending on uniform as they have a scarce budget. This will help them to shift their household expenditures to more essential items such as food. The opportunity cost of them budgeting a significant percentage of their limited income to an inelastic demand for uniforms may create problems of great scarcity to families with many school-going children. The guideline by the minister stated that the uniform must be purchase from the cheaper suppliers, which will reduce the opportunity costs. This will mean savings for the parents. The question is how do these new policies going to be effectively worked out because some rich parents with no scarcity problems will insist or prefer their children to wear higher quality and more expensive uniforms, some even tailoring them.

This article "Opening the flood gates" illustrates the opportunity cost in building a dam on the yangzi river. The yangzi river contains a rare fish reserve as well as farmers reaping good harvest, the dam on the river will affect the good harvest from the farmers as well threaten several endangered species.

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This article discusses the global crude oil supply prices which have been increasing because of the various countries having political unrest causing disruptions. The strong demand for the oil has increases the prices as the supply decreases. The various countries that have a significant decease in supply include Libya, Nigeria, and Iraq. The estimated barrels daily of crude oil disruptions reflect that Syria has been having a decrease in supply since 2011. The other factors that affect the prices include the seasonal demand pattern, which shows a decrease in demand in September and decrease further in October. The increases by non-OPEC countries mean that there is an increase of production such as in the US, which will offset the decrease in supply in Syria. Saudi Arabia always has a sustained output because it will provide higher income.

In September 2000, 189 U.N. member states and more than 25 international organizations of public and private scope, committed themselves to the complex cause of extreme poverty reduction on a global scale. It was informally spoken of as the largest collective impact agreement at the time, marking history. Although this article is not about the HDI, it however about what affects the HDI, namely the MDG. The period for the MDG has expired and some progress seemed to have been made. The article mentions the reduction in gender inequality in primary education and politics but also notes almost no change in secondary and further education. The UN is currently compiling the new set of goals. The policy has proved succesful and will hopefully encourage success in the future.