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True Artificial Intelligence would bypass problems of biological complexity and ethics, growing up on a substrate ideal for initiating Recursive Self-Improvement. (fully reprogrammable, ultrafast, the AI's "natural habitat".) This Artificial Intelligence would be based upon: 1) our current understanding of the central algorithms of intelligence, 2) our current knowledge of the brain, obtained through high-resolution fMRI and delicate Cognitive Science experiments, and 3) the kind of computing hardware available to AI designers.

Humans cannot conduct any of these enhancements to ourselves; the inherent structure of our biology and the limited level of our current technology makes this impossible.

Recursive Self-Improvement is the ability of a mind to genuinely improve its own intelligence. This might be accomplished through a variety of means; speeding up one's own hardware, redesigning one's own cognitive architecture for optimal intelligence, adding new components into one's own hardware, custom-designing specialized modules for recurrent tasks, and so on.