Alternately, a combination of captioning (to transcribe sound effects) and subtitling (written translation, with a focus on users with sign as a primary language) is most effective. Where this isn’t possible, a transcript of the dialogue will suffice; transcripts provide the user with an opportunity to print out the dialogue and read it at a comfortable pace.
This article was posted today... and is relevant to our captioning discussions. It makes it sounds as if transcripts are actually better than captions, because it allows Deaf users to print out and read at a comfortable pace.