PSI_ESEI

CDATA Everything inside a CDATA section is ignored by the parser.

A CDATA section starts with "<![CDATA[" and ends with "]]>":

targetNamespace="http://www.w3schools.com" indicates that the elements defined by this schema (note, to, from, heading, body.) come from the "http://www.w3schools.com" namespace.

xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" indicates that the elements and data types used in the schema come from the "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" namespace.

This attribute has two values. The first value is the namespace to use. The second value is the location of the XML schema to use for that namespace

xmlns="http://www.w3schools.com" indicates that the default namespace is "http://www.w3schools.com".

Referencing a Schema in an XML Document

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.w3schools.com note.xsd"

prefixed with xs:

orrect Style Sheet Declaration The root element that declares the document to be an XSL style sheet is <xsl:stylesheet> or <xsl:transform>.

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:transform version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

Link the XSL Style Sheet to the XML Document Add the XSL style sheet reference to your XML document

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://www.w3schools.com/cdcatalog.xsl"?>

xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" points to the official W3C XSLT namespace.

The syntax for defining a simple element is: <xs:element name="xxx" type="yyy"/>

built-in data types

You can also add restrictions (facets) to a data type

A default value is automatically assigned to the element when no other value is specified.

default="red"/

A fixed value is also automatically assigned to the element, and you cannot specify another value.

fixed="red"/

Attributes are optional by default. To specify that the attribute is required, use the "use" attribute: <xs:attribute name="lang" type="xs:string" use="required"/>

Restrictions on a Set of Values To limit the content of an XML element to a set of acceptable values, we would use the enumeration constraint.

<xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:enumeration value="Audi"/> <xs:enumeration value="Golf"/> <xs:enumeration value="BMW"/> </xs:restriction>

type="carType"/>

<xs:simpleType name="carType">

the type "carType" can be used by other elements

series of numbers or letters that can be used, we would use the pattern constraint.

<xs:minLength value="5"/> <xs:maxLength value="8"/>

<xs:pattern value="male|female"/>

The whiteSpace constraint is set to "preserve", which means that the XML processor WILL NOT remove any white space characters:

<xs:whiteSpace value="preserve"/>

The whiteSpace constraint is set to "replace", which means that the XML processor WILL REPLACE all white space characters (line feeds, tabs, spaces, and carriage returns) with spaces:

<xs:whiteSpace value="replace"/>

<xs:length value="8"/>

<xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:pattern value="[a-z]"/>

Constraint Description enumeration Defines a list of acceptable values fractionDigits Specifies the maximum number of decimal places allowed. Must be equal to or greater than zero length Specifies the exact number of characters or list items allowed. Must be equal to or greater than zero maxExclusive Specifies the upper bounds for numeric values (the value must be less than this value) maxInclusive Specifies the upper bounds for numeric values (the value must be less than or equal to this value) maxLength Specifies the maximum number of characters or list items allowed. Must be equal to or greater than zero minExclusive Specifies the lower bounds for numeric values (the value must be greater than this value) minInclusive Specifies the lower bounds for numeric values (the value must be greater than or equal to this value) minLength Specifies the minimum number of characters or list items allowed. Must be equal to or greater than zero pattern Defines the exact sequence of characters that are acceptable totalDigits Specifies the exact number of digits allowed. Must be greater than zero whiteSpace Specifies how white space (line feeds, tabs, spaces, and carriage returns) is handled

<xs:complexType name="fullpersoninfo"> <xs:complexContent> <xs:extension base="personinfo">

Nmtoken   ::=    (NameChar)+

XSLT Uses XPath XSLT uses XPath to find information in an XML document. XPath is used to navigate through elements and attributes in XML documents.

How Does it Work? In the transformation process, XSLT uses XPath to define parts of the source document that should match one or more predefined templates. When a match is found, XSLT will transform the matching part of the source document into the result document.

You don't have to learn a new language You can use your XML editor to edit your Schema files You can use your XML parser to parse your Schema files You can manipulate your Schema with the XML DOM You can transform your Schema with XSLT

XML Schemas are Extensible

Reuse your Schema in other Schemas Create your own data types derived from the standard types Reference multiple schemas in the same document

Well-Formed is not Enough

changes in the underlying data will not require any changes to your HTML.

XML Can be Used to Create New Languages

With XML, your data is available to more users.

Since XML is independent of hardware, software and application, you can make your data available to other than only standard HTML browsers.

XML can also be used to store data in files or in databases

Since XML data is stored in plain text format, XML provides a software- and hardware-independent way of sharing data.