Paris ([paʁi] ( listen) in French, pronounced /ˈpærɪs/ in English) – the capital of and largest city in France – is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region (or Paris Region, French: Région parisienne). The city of Paris, within its administrative limits largely unchanged since 1860, has an estimated population of 2,193,031 (January 2007),[2] but the Paris metropolitan area has a population of 11,836,970 (January 2007),[4] and is one of the most populated metropolitan areas in Europe.[5]
In 2009[6] and 2010[7][8] Paris has been ranked among the three most important and influential cities in the world, among the first three "European cities of the future" - according to a research published by Financial Times – [9] and among the ten cities in the world "where to live in" according to the British review Monocle (June 2010).[10] An important settlement for more than two millennia, Paris is today one of the world's leading business and cultural centres, and its influences in politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion, science, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities.[11] Paris also ranks among the 10 European greenest cities in 2010[12] and the projected top ten wealthiest cities in 2020[13] and 2025[14] together with London, São Paulo, Tokyo, New York City and Shanghai.
Paris and the Paris Region, with €552.1 bn (US$768.9 bn) in 2009, produces more than a quarter of the gross domestic product (GDP) of France.[15] According to 2007 estimates, the Paris urban agglomeration is Europe's biggest city economy[16] and the sixth largest in the world. The Paris Region hosts 37 of the Fortune Global 500 companies[17] in several business districts, notably La Défense, the largest purpose-built business district in Europe.[18] Paris also hosts many international organizations such as UNESCO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and the informal Paris Club. According to the latest survey from Economist Intelligence Unit in 2010, Paris is the world's most expensive city to live in.[19]
Paris is the first tourist destination in all the world with 45 million tourists annually, 27 million of whom are foreign visitors.[20] The city and region contain numerous iconic landmarks, world-famous institutions and popular parks.
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Paris, France
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The name Paris derives from that of its inhabitants, the Gaulish tribe known as the Parisii. The city was called Lutetia (more fully, Lutetia Parisiorum, "Lutetia of the Parisii"), during the Roman era of the 1st to the 6th century, but during the reign of Julian the Apostate, (360-363) the city was renamed Paris.[49] It is considered that the name of the Parisii tribe comes from the Celtic Gallic word parisio meaning "the working people" or "the craftsmen."[50] Since the mid-19th century, Paris has been known as Paname[51] ([panam]) in the Parisian slang called argot (Ltspkr.pngMoi j'suis d'Paname, i.e. "I'm from Paname"). The singer Renaud repopularized the term amongst the young generation[51] with his 1976 album Amoureux de Paname ("In love with Paname"). Paris has many nicknames, but its most famous is "La Ville-Lumière" ("The City of Light" or "The Illuminated City"),[52] a name it owes first to its fame as a centre of education and ideas during the Age of Enlightenment, and later to its early adoption of street lighting.[53] Paris' inhabitants are known in English as "Parisians" and in French as Parisiens ([paʁizjɛ̃] ( listen)). Parisians are often pejoratively called Parigots ([paʁiɡo] ( listen)), a term first used in 1900[54] by those living outside the Paris region, but now the term may be considered endearing by Parisians themselves. See Wiktionary for the name of Paris in various languages other than English and French. [edit]
