Skip to main content

Home/ 5th Hour World Cultures/ Group items tagged embargo

Rss Feed Group items tagged

khamkhoun sedsaykongsa

Cuba Under Raul: Creeping Toward Capitalism? - 0 views

  • CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR July 23, 2008, n.p. © Copyright 2008, THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR. All rights reserved.
  • Cuba Under Raul: Creeping Toward Capitalism?
  • By Sara Miller Llana and Matthew Clark Staff Writers of The Christian Science Monitor
  • ...13 more annotations...
  •      Such gray-market microenterprises exemplify a spirit of dynamism and creativity straining to be fully unleashed, say some observers of Cuba. The question of the day: Is Raul Castro about to release it?
  •      The island nation's economy has struggled mightily since losing the support of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s.
  •      Raul's reputation as a pragmatist is unfurling expectations here that the era of asceticism and austerity is coming to a close. Major agricultural reforms have been unveiled. And in a speech earlier this month, he seemed to be preparing the populace for an economic shift.
  • And a recent flurry of headline-grabbing changes--such as allowing Cubans to patronize tourist hotels and to own cellphones, DVD players, and computers--is fueling speculation about how fast Raul will pursue the "China model" of a managed creep toward free markets.
  • The government created about 150 categories of licenses for Cubans to start their own businesses, and the ranks of self-employed swelled to 200,000.
  • Raul granted private farmers the right to till plots of up to 99 acres of unused government land. This follows a previous announcement to shift control of farms from the central government in Havana to local councils, raise prices for certain products to boost production, and give farmers the right to use whatever farm equipment they can afford to buy.
  •      Cuba now relies heavily on Venezuela, whose leftist President Hugo Chavez sends nearly 100,000 barrels of oil a day to the island in exchange for social services, such as Cuban doctors and teachers.
  •      Currently more than half of arable land lies fallow or is under used, according to Cuban government figures cited by The Associated Press. Cuba spent $1.5 billion importing food last year. This year it is expected to spend $1 billion more, say officials.
  •      But while some Cubans blame their economic woes on strict controls and prohibitive taxes, many still view the US and its 1962 trade embargo as the bigger culprit. No matter how much Raul seeks to open the economy, the embargo will stand in the way of much-needed foreign investment, analysts say.
  • On May 27, a group of trade representatives from Texas wrapped up the first official state visit to the island since the US established the embargo.
  • Cuba is an important market for Texan cattle, rice, poultry, cotton, and processed food products that enter under provisions in the US embargo that allow small amounts of trade in agricultural products.
  •      Such goodwill may not be the status quo in either nation right now, but the sense that change is coming certainly is. "The social values we espouse mean nothing if there is no economic basis," says Renel, a young lawyer in Havana. "Whether it is socialism, communism, capitalism, even feudalism, things are going to change."
  • Citation: You can copy and paste this information into your own documents. Llana, Sara Miller, and Matthew Clark. "Cuba Under Raul: Creeping Towards Capitalism?." Christian Science Monitor. 23 Jul 2008: n.p. SIRS Renaissance. Web. 08 Mar 2011.
  •  
    Llana, Sara Miller, and Matthew Clark. "Cuba Under Raul: Creeping Towards Capitalism?." Christian Science Monitor. 23 Jul 2008: n.p. SIRS Renaissance. Web. 08 Mar 2011. Summary: The article describes how Cuba has an underground free market economy that Raul Castro is allowing. They is a shortage of food and texans want to end the embargo to sell their cattle and crops. Reflection: Their people are hungry, hardly any food for their own people. So the U.S and Cuban should work together to get rid of the embargo because it would help both. Question:  1. How much will Fidel Castro let Raul making change? 2. How Cuban American fell about getting rid of embargo?
Bryce Lutke

Cuba History - 0 views

  • Indian population died out, African slaves were imported to work the ranches and plantations. Slavery was abolished in 1886.
  • Cuba was the last major Spanish colony to gain independence
  • 1868. Jose Marti, Cuba’s national hero
  • ...26 more annotations...
  • the United States entered the conflict after an explosion of undetermined origin caused the USS Maine to sink in Havana Harbor on February 15
  • December of that year, under the Treaty of Paris, Spain relinquished control of Cuba to the United States. On May 20, 1902, the United States granted Cuba its independence
  • retained the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence and stability in accordance with the Platt Amendment.
  • 1934, the Platt Amendment was repealed
  • The United States and Cuba concluded a Treaty of Relations in 1934 which, among other things, continued the 1903 agreements that leased the Guantanamo Bay naval base to the United States.
  • Independent Cuba was often ruled by authoritarian political and military figures who either obtained or remained in power by force
  • Fulgencio Batista
  • organized a non-commissioned officer revolt in September 1933 and wielded significant power behind the scenes until he was elected president in 1940
  • Batista was voted out of office in 1944 and did not run in 1948
  • Running for president again in 1952, Batista seized power in a bloodless coup 3 months before the election was to take place
  • On July 26, 1953, Fidel Castro, who had been involved in increasingly violent political activity before Batista’s coup, led a failed attack on the Moncada army barracks in Santiago de Cuba in which more than 100 died
  • he was convicted and jailed, and subsequently was freed in an act of clemency, then went into exile in Mexico.
  • There he organized the “26th of July Movement” with the goal of overthrowing Batista, and the group sailed to Cuba on board the yacht Granma, landing in the eastern part of the island in December 1956.
  • Batista’s dictatorial rule fueled increasing popular discontent and the rise of many active urban and rural resistance groups
  • Faced with a corrupt and ineffective military, itself dispirited by a U.S. Government embargo on weapons sales to Cuba, and public indignation and revulsion at his brutality toward opponents, Batista fled on January 1, 1959
  • Castro had promised a return to constitutional rule and democratic elections along with social reforms, Castro used his control of the military to consolidate power by repressing all dissent from his decisions, marginalizing other resistance figures, and imprisoning or executing thousands of opponents.
  • An estimated 3,200 people were executed by the Castro regime between 1959-62
  • As the revolution became more radical, hundreds of thousands of Cubans fled the island.
  • Castro declared Cuba a socialist state on April 16, 1961
  • For the next 30 years, Castro pursued close relations with the Soviet Union
  • worked in concert with the geopolitical goals of Soviet communism
  • funding and fomenting violent subversive and insurrectional activities, as well as military adventurism, until the demise of the U.S.S.R. in 1991.
  • Relations between the United States and Cuba deteriorated rapidly as the Cuban regime expropriated U.S. properties and moved toward adoption of a one-party communist system
  • In response, the United States imposed an embargo on Cuba in October 1960
  • in response to Castro’s provocations, broke diplomatic relations on January 3, 1961
  • Tensions between the two governments peaked during the October 1962 missile crisis.
  •  
    What effects have the US embargo had on the Cuban economy? Cuba - History. Pleasant Grove UT: Country Reports, n.d. Country Reports. Web. 16 Feb. 2011. . Summary: This article gave a summary of the nation on Cuba. It gave information on how Cuba became a country with its revolution though the 1962 missile crisis, how Fidel Castro came to power in Cuba and a little of his history in the nation. It told about how Cuba aligned itself with the soviet union and how the embargo with the United States came into being.  Reflection: I thought this summary of the Cuban history was very interesting. The article was full of great information on Cuba I learned more on how Fidel Castro came into power and why the United States put an embargo on Cuba than I had ever known just by reading this article. I would like to have known more about some critical issues that they mentioned like the missile crisis and some of the things tat Fidel Castro did in their history.
Nicki Pifer

Obama Opens Trade and Travel Relations With Communist Cuba - 0 views

  •  
    On Friday, January 14 President Obama announced that he plans on easing trade and travel relations with Communist Cuba, including making it easier for U.S. citizens to travel directly to the island from American airports. The President added that he had instructed the relevant government departments to allow religious groups and students to travel to the communist-run island. For almost half a century, the debate has been raging over the United States' policy towards Cuba, which has been communist since Fidel Castro's coupe de etat in 1959. Free travel from the U.S. to Cuba was halted in 1963 under President John F. Kennedy. The explanation at the time for why Americans could visit the Soviet Union but not Cuba was that the communist government in Moscow was permanent but that Fidel Castro was temporary. In 1977, with Cuba still unchanged, President Jimmy Carter relaxed the travel ban. In 1982, President Ronald Reagan restored it. n 1998, with the Soviet Union "gone," Clinton loosened it and in 2004, with Cuba still unchanged, President George W. Bush tightened it again. Now President Obama is going back to the Clinton policy, which will make it easier for churches and universities to sponsor trips to the communist state. Obama's announcement calls for changes in policy at the Departments of State, Treasury, and Homeland Security, as both travel and remittances are involved in the changes, and the new regulations will be promulgated as modifications of the Cuban Assets Control Regulations and the Customs and Border Protection Regulations. The new policies call for the following reforms to Cuba-United States relations. According to the BBC, Obama's new proposals: * Allow religious organizations to sponsor religious travel to Cuba under a general license; * Allow accredited institutions of higher education to sponsor travel to Cuba; * Allow any U.S. person to send remittances (up to $500 per quarter) to non-family members in Cuba to support private e
khamkhoun sedsaykongsa

Is trade with Cuba a reality? Humanitarian shipments were allowed under the Clinton adm... - 0 views

  • World Trade 22.8 (August 2009): p38(5). (2373 words)  Reading Level (Lexile): N/A.
  • Yes, he acknowledged, the Obama administration's gambit may indeed have been the first step in a long journey toward a normalization of relations--with all the implications of commercial exchange those relations imply--but the fact of the matter is that scores of U.S. companies have been doing business with Cuba for years. With the appropriate product, the opportunities are now, he explained.
  • "Right now, at least 150 companies in 35 states are doing business with Cuba, thanks in large part to a loosening of the trade embargo during the Clinton years with regards to agricultural products," the president and CEO of Charleston-based Maybank Industries said.
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • From then until roughly two years ago, when the company became Maybank Industries and the family sold off its shipping component, the family-owned business made nearly monthly trips to Cuba.
  • The elder Maybank first learned of the slight loosening of the longstanding embargo over Easter weekend in 2000. Within days, and not knowing a soul in the Communist country, Maybank set out for Cuba and waited several days before finally connecting with Pedro Alvarez, chairman of the Cuban food import company Alimport and the government official in charge of trade
  • Maybank's decision to jump on the opportunity was a master stroke. Alvarez, and Cubans generally, it turned out, place a tremendous amount of weight on personal contact and in doing business face-to-face.
  • She spoke from a unique perspective: Born in Cuba, she came to the United States immediately after the revolution. Today, she regularly sees cargo leaving her port for her home country, as the island nation is already Alabama's top customer for poultry products.
  • Maybank said the first step for anyone contemplating getting involved in the Cuban market is to secure a visa to attend the annual Havana Trade Fair, which is typically held in late October or November.
  • Thus far, President Obama has lifted longstanding restrictions on family travel and remittances to Cuba--a significant shift in U.S. policy--but is waiting to see how Cuba responds to a host of human rights and other issues before making further changes with respect to the trade embargo.
  • To begin with, U.S. banks were, and continue to be, forbidden from doing business with Cuba under threat of being cut off from access to the Federal Reserve.
  • Everything must be handled on a cash-on-delivery basis, and unlike traditional trade shipping, where ships ideally discharge cargo and pick up some more at each port of call, nothing can be moved from Cuba--even if it is destined for someplace other than the United States.
  • And as anyone experienced in international commerce knows, getting to know the culture of a new trading partner is a key prerequisite to a successful business relationship
  • Colvin also said an immediate and full lifting of the embargo is too much to expect in any event. For the moment, it would be enough for President Obama to send a message to Congress that he wants to lift the travel ban.
  • But its Mendez's contention, given how close Cuba is to the U.S.--a mere 32 hours by cargo ship--that several more shiploads of goods could be making their way weekly through the Port of Alabama, if only the embargo was lifted and U.S. exporters could offer Cuba and its consumers a variety of goods.
  • McCue, Dan. "Is trade with Cuba a reality? Humanitarian shipments were allowed under the Clinton administration, now a new President could open the door wider." World Trade Aug. 2009: 38+. Student Edition. Web. 12 Apr. 2011.
  •  
    World Trade 22.8 (August 2009): p38(5). (2373 words)  Reading Level (Lexile): N/A Author(s): Dan McCue. Document Type: Magazine/Journal Summary: We been trading with Cuba for so long, since Clinton time. Now Obama trying to trade more with Cuba. 150 companies in 35 states are doing trade with Cuba. It would be good for  us and it would also be good for Cuba. Even tough Embargo thing still going on, but we still trade. Reflection: It good for both the side to trade. Cuba can get more product, food and other stuff. Cuban people can get jobs. But it also hard because we used to fought with Cuba. And Cuban are not really a social country. Question:  1. How long will the trading with Cuba last? 2. How many more companies would want to trade with Cuba?
Bryce Lutke

BBC NEWS | Americas | Keeping Cuba on the economic road - 0 views

  • In many ways, this communist island in the Caribbean has managed to survive despite the odds.
  • One of the effects of the embargo is that the streets of the Cuban capital, Havana, are still filled with many of the same old American cars
  • were here when Fidel Castro came to power 50 years ago.
  • ...27 more annotations...
  • Geovani Perez drives a red and cream 1959 Buick convertible. It was built the year that Fidel Castro came to power. Like much of the Cuban economy, it's still running - if only just.
  • Cubans have become masters of improvisation.
  • The only cars that Cubans are legally allowed to buy or sell are those built before the revolution.
  • It's the same with housing. Most Cubans have title to their homes and can pass them on to their children but there is no open market to buy or sell land or property.
  • One of the goals of Fidel Castro's revolution was to create an egalitarian society.
  • Private enterprise was banned and everyone from doctors to factory workers was paid the same.
  • Today Cuba has one of the most centrally controlled, state-run economies left in the world.
  • It is inefficient and the average salary is barely $25 (£17) a month.
  • Since taking over from his ailing brother
  • Raul Castro has initiated some modest but symbolic reforms.
  • "Socialism means... equality of rights and opportunities, not salaries. Equality does not mean egalitarianism," he said.
  • President Castro has ordered that workers should receive bonuses based on productivity.
  • Cuba should be self-sufficient in food but instead spends $2bn (£1.4bn) a year on imports.
  • It is the small private sector which produces most of the food
  • Cuba remains a one-party state
  • Politically, though, there are no signs of reform.
  • A few critical voices within the communist party are tolerated.
  • Alongside the old American cars, the roads here are also full of old Russian Ladas.
  • Drive past any school and the children's uniforms are another reminder of the Soviet
  • Primary school children wear red and white, with a red neck scarf. Just like their former Soviet counterparts were, this age group are called the Pioneers.
  • Education and health are both known here as "triumphs of the revolution".
  • Cuba boasts one of the highest literacy rates in the world.
  • The health statistics are equally impressive. All the key indicators from infant mortality to life expectancy are among the best in the Americas.
  • Its doctor to patient ratio is one of the highest in the world.
  • Health care has now become a major export.
  • Cuba sends tens of thousands of doctors and health workers to some of the poorest parts of Latin America and Africa.
  • From the earliest days of the revolution, one of our objectives was to let other countries in the third world share in our achievements.
  •  
    What is the effect of the trade embargo on the Cuban Economy? Summary: Cuba Has struggled though the rule of Fidel Castro. There are still  many signs of what the effects are today, classic 1950's cars are still quite common in the nation because cars have become so expensive to by from the government. Despite all of these things Cuba has accomplished many things; they have accomplished one of the highest literacy rates in the world and a great health care program. They send doctors throughout the Americas and Africa to help others who are less fortunate then themselves. Response: It is quite impressive what Cuba has been able to accomplish what they have given the fact that their government owns almost all of their businesses and controls so many aspects of their lives. I think it is amazing how they have adapted to how to live in a communist government, making their own repairs to their cars and still making 50 year old cars run instead of buying new cars. They have come a long way as a nation but I think they still have a long ways to go before they can be a great nation.   
khamkhoun sedsaykongsa

Art Exhibition Fuels US-Cuba Thaw - 0 views

  • The show's American curator is gallery owner Alberto Magnan, whose parents left Cuba when he was five years old.
  • "I would love for this show to be a beginning step towards both countries getting a little closer together and starting a dialogue and I think art is a great way to do it," he said.
  • "This is the first exhibition we made after Obama rose to power," he says. "This is a kind of lighthouse of the next process of the culture and the politics between Cuba and the United States."
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • The show is expected to attract large numbers of Cuban artists who have spent years working in isolation, with little real contact with what is going on across the straits of Florida.
  • During the Clinton years, US museums and art dealers used to regularly visit Cuba, buying works and helping Cuban artists to exhibit there. But the Bush administration tightened trade and travel restrictions, making art and other cultural exchanges increasingly difficult in recent years.
  • major exhibition of U.S. artists in Cuba in a quarter of a century, part of what organizers are calling a social experiment in connecting Cubans and Americans. "Art is a great bridge, the way to start a conversation," said Alberto Magnan, a New York gallery owner who is in Havana to oversee the exhibit. Havana is crawling with Americans these days." (Los Angeles Times) This article surveys the thawing of relations between the governments of America and Cuba, illustrated by the cooperative art exhibition taking place in Cuba.
  •  
    Wilkinson, Tracy. "American Tourists at Home in Cuba." Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles, CA). 12 Apr 2009: n.p. SIRS Renaissance. Web. 12 Apr 2011. Summary: The art show between U.S and Cuba. To warmup  the relationship to both cultures and country. To be to know each other. Exchange the idea. Artist judge other less and don't carry much about politics. So it will be easier to trade in the future. Reflection: If the 2 groups of people get to know each other better, it would be easier to get rid of embargo. So they will be no more war. Art it a beautiful thing that could bring people together. It show the personal and the paint of the art of the different in both cultures  Question: 1. Is it alright to have the art show. When we have law and restricted for people to go to Cuban? 2. Should we later on having sport friendship game or other stuff to strengthening the 2 relationship? 
Bryce Lutke

Relations with Soviet Union and Cuba - 0 views

  • Castro, Guevara and Anastas Mikoyan, 1963
  • Deputy Soviet Premier Anastas Mikoyan first visited Cuba in January 1961, and agreed to buy 1,425,000 tons of sugar in the next two years
  • In exchange, Castro resumed diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Between 1961 and 1967, the U.S.S.R. wrote off a billion dollar trade deficit with Cuba.
  • Cuban debt to the Soviet Union was more than $5 billion by 1990.
  • Castro had to find other markets for Cuban sugar and new trading partners
  • The resultant disruption brought the economy to its lowest levels since the revolution.
  •  
    Discovery Education. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2011. . What is the effect of the trade embargo on the Cuban Economy? Summary: It is a short description of a relationship between the Soviet Union and Cuba involving sugar trade and the effect it had on the Cuban economy Reflection: After reading this I wonder why Cuba even wanted to be involved with a group of people who treated them so poorly and ended up putting their economy worse off than they had been in a long time.  Questions: Why would Cuba seek relationships with the Soviet Union? What are some of the other markets that Cuba sold their exports to? What are some of the other exports that Cuba has and can utilize
Won Geun Jung

BBC News - Regions and territories: Abkhazia - 0 views

  • Abkhazia declared independence from Georgia in 1999, but Tbilisi continues to regard it as a breakaway region
  • Abkhazia's battle for independence from Georgia since the collapse of the USSR reduced the economy to ruins. More recent times have seen major Russian investment in the territory, as Moscow seeks to consolidate its influence.
  • In 2010 Russia said it had deployed S-300 anti-aircraft missiles in Abkhazia in order to defend it and South Ossetia, shortly after Russian President Dmitry Medvedev visited Sukhumi. Georgia expressed "concern" at the move.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • Meanwhile, Abkhaz forces drove Georgian troops out of the only area of Abkhazia still under Tbilisi's control - the Kodori gorge.
  • After the 2008 conflict, Moscow declared that it would formally recognise the independence of both South Ossetia and Abkhazia. As of the end of 2009, only Nicaragua and Venezuela had followed suit.
  • In October 2008, Russia pulled its troops back to the Abkhaz-Georgian border, but stationed a large force in the breakaway republic, with the agreement of the Sukhumi government.
  • Abkhazia formally declared independence in 1999, resulting in an international economic embargo that is still in force. It has left Abkhazia's economy highly dependent on Russia, which maintains a border crossing and railway line to Sukhumi.
  • However, in August 2008, during the war between Russia and Georgia over South Ossetia, Russian army troops moved through Abkhazia and pushed into Georgia proper, effectively using the region to open another front with Tbilisi.
  • Abkhazia's long history was always closely intertwined with that of Georgia, although its language is unrelated, and is closer to several spoken in the North Caucasus.
  • At the time of the collapse of the USSR in 1991, less than a fifth of the people of Abkhazia were ethnic Abkhaz, while the rest of the population was made up largely of Georgians.
  •  
    Regions and territories: Abkhazia  http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3261059.stm Summary: Abkhazia already had a independent country in 756 AD and it was invaded by Russia and Georgia.  After Georgia declared independence in 1991, Georgia invaded Abkhazia in 1992.  So, Abkhazia had declared independence in 1999 and Georgia did not agreed the independence of Abkhazia.  In 2004, Georgia president Saakashvili tried to restore Georgia's land like Abkhazia, and South Ossetia.  In 2008, Georgia attacked Abkhazia and Russia attacked Georgia for protecting Abkhazia. Reflection: Even if Georgia did not accept their independence, Georgia needed to have conversation each other.  Also, Russia should not attack Georgia because it was huge damaged to Georgia.  If Russia was really willing to help them, Russia should be a neutral for both countries. Question:1) Why Russia interrupt between Georgia and Russia?2) Why Georgia did not accept Abkhazia as a country?3) How every country will be peaceful?4) Are both Georgia and Abkhazia safe?
khamkhoun sedsaykongsa

Perestroika continues: will Cuba post-Fidel be ready U.S. trade - 0 views

  • Perestroika continues: will Cuba post-Fidel be ready U.S. trade?
  • Inc. 29.5 (May 2007): p36(1). (666 words)  Reading Level (Lexile): 1090.
  • Author(s):Sarah Goldstein.  Document Type:Magazine/Journal
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • Full Text :COPYRIGHT 2007 Mansueto Ventures LLC on behalf of Inc.
  • What will happen to Cuba's economy after Fidel Castro dies?
  • Cuba's not huge. There are 11 million people there, and the $40 billion economy is extremely centralized. The Internet, for example, is state-controlled and Cuba has no interest in expanding access.
  • when El Comandante transferred power to his brother Raul amid reports about his deteriorating health. Philip Peters has been watching the new leadership for signs that it will liberalize the economy.
  • Even if the U.S. lifted its embargo, you always work with Cuba on Cuba's terms. You can't just buy land and build a hotel. That said, if Americans were only able to travel to Cuba freely, you would see some increase in trade.
  • How big is the market?
  • How would U.S. companies fare if Cuba's economy opened up?
  • What types of items would be in demand? I think the opportunity in the short term would be for people selling into specific niches of the Cuban market. That's what we've seen with the limited trade--roughly $400 million--that we do with Cuba today. [Limited trade began after a hurricane in 2001.]
  • How likely is reform? I think an economic opening is very likely. Raul is not allergic to reform. In fact, he was behind a series of reforms in the 1990s that legalized self-employment, that allowed farmers to sell their surpluses, and that opened Cuba up to foreign investment. Plus, Raul's government needs to earn political support, and there's no easier way to win support than by opening the economy.
  • Source CitationGoldstein, Sarah. "Perestroika continues: will Cuba post-Fidel be ready U.S. trade?" Inc. May 2007: 36. Student Edition. Web. 8 Mar. 2011.
  •  
    Inc. 29.5 (May 2007): p36(1). (666 words)  Reading Level (Lexile): 1090. Author(s): Sarah Goldstein. Document Type: Magazine/Journal Summary: What would happen if Fidel Castro dies? and pass down the power to his brother Raul. Open up the Cuba trading with U.S. Right now the Cuba economy is still small. Reflection:If the Cuba could open up trade  with America. Cuban would be better place, better economy. Because American business could go in and start making factory over there. People would have more jobs. Better money to take care of their family. The Cuba government is taking too much control on food resource. That would not be enough for the people in the country. America will help fixing that problem, and they will also make it equal for all the people to have food to eat. Question: 1. Will Raul let U.S go into Cuba and start open business? 2. What will Fidel Castro saying about this.
1 - 9 of 9
Showing 20 items per page