ADVANTAGES:
-Crop losses from insect pests can be staggering, resulting in devastating financial loss for farmers and starvation in developing countries. Farmers typically use many tons of chemical pesticides annually. Consumers do not wish to eat food that has been treated with pesticides because of potential health hazards, and run-off of agricultural wastes from excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers can poison the water supply and cause harm to the environment. Growing GM foods such as B.t. corn can help eliminate the application of chemical pesticides and reduce the cost of bringing a crop to market

-Unexpected frost can destroy sensitive seedlings. An antifreeze gene from cold water fish has been introduced into plants such as tobacco and potato. With this antifreeze gene, these plants are able to tolerate cold temperatures that normally would kill unmodified seedlings

-Medicines and vaccines often are costly to produce and sometimes require special storage conditions not readily available in third world countries. Researchers are working to develop edible vaccines in tomatoes and potatoes16, 17. These vaccines will be much easier to ship, store and administer than traditional injectable vaccines.

DISADVANTAGES
-Genetically manipulated organisms could cross with other organisms. This could cause unpredictable and irreversible changes to the ecosystem. This is however a possible consequence, nobody knows what will happen. Because of this many people have the opinion that genetic manipulation should be forbidden.

- What will happen to mankind if we start to apply genetic manipulation at a large scale, especially if we start to apply eugenetics. Nobody knows what the effects on man will be and how long this can go well.

- Is it allowed to do with animals what everyone wants? Some people believe that animals have their own nature and mankind should in principle respect this. They believe that genetic manipulation of animals should be restricted as much as possible.