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Contents contributed and discussions participated by tongoscar

tongoscar

iPhone 11 Pro has just been defeated by Huawei's Google-less Mate 30 Pro | Express.co.uk - 0 views

  • “Overall, the iPhone is among the very best for exposure; it’s only in very low light when can’t keep up with devices with larger image sensors, such as the Huawei Mate 30 Pro.
  • Even though DxOMark claims the Mate 30 Pro has a better camera system overall, the iPhone 11 Pro remains the only phone of the two you can buy right now.
  • Although Huawei revealed the Mate 30 Pro at a glitzy hardware event in September, its European release remains elusive. There’s currently no word on when it’ll finally arrive.
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  • The US’s trade ban on Huawei is the most likely to blame for the delayed release. This prevents Google from granting the Mate 30 Pro an Android licence, therefore the device can’t come pre-installed with Google apps and services like the Play Store, Gmail, Chrome and Google Maps.
tongoscar

Canada: At "WAR" With the US? (=Water, Arctic and Refugees) - The Globalist - 0 views

  • Every Canadian government faces two existential challenges that, to make matters more complicated yet, are often intertwined.
  • The first is to keep a loose and fractious federation together. The second is to keep Canada and the United States close but separate.
  • These challenges have been made more complex with climate change and changes in U.S. politics. The regionally divisive nature of Justin Trudeau’s minority government, with no representation from Alberta and the rebirth of the “nationalist” Bloc Québécois,
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  • As with the Trump administration’s demand for a revised North American trading system, Canada will have to find a response to each that is positive enough to appease, but also robust enough to maintain the core of national sovereignty.
  • The first issue on the new U.S.-Canada agenda is America’s need for water.
  • New and more strident demands for U.S. access to Canada’s “surplus” of this vital resource is certain to be presented.
  • The Canadian position remains that water is not a tradable commodity. So far, the U.S. government has neither agreed nor contested that view.
  • The Arctic climate is changing faster than anywhere else. Waters previously unnavigable are now becoming sea lanes
  • U.S. policy is slated to become far more restrictive. Two shifts in particular will have dramatic implications for Canadian refugee policy.
  • In effect this means that any Central American refugee in the United States will feel entitled to claim asylum in Canada.
  • the United States simply cannot ever be expected to remain at arms’ length in our national life.
tongoscar

Geopolitics Redux: Explaining the Japan-Korea Dispute and Its Implications for Great Po... - 0 views

  • China’s rise — perhaps the story of the century — followed economic miracles in Japan and South Korea.
  • The Asian financial crisis was painful, but the region bounced back. A major exception was North Korea’s development of nuclear weapons, which brought the region to the brink. For the most part, however, East Asia appeared relatively immune from the geopolitics that bedeviled other key regions.
  • In March 2015, Beijing issued a statement on the Belt and Road Initiative, which it claimed would “promote the connectivity of Asian, European, and African countries and their adjacent seas.” Alarmed by China’s maritime expansion, the United States proposed an Indo-Pacific strategy whereby it would “pursue many belts and many roads by keeping [its] decades-old alliances strong and fostering growing partnerships.”
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  • On Aug. 22, 2019, Seoul announced its withdrawal from the General Security of Military Information Agreement, an intelligence-sharing pact between Japan and South Korea signed in November 2016. Recently, the relationship between these two neighbors has deteriorated to its lowest point since the end of World War II.
  • These past efforts to mend ties make the downward trajectory of the relationship between the two U.S. allies even more puzzling.
  • Some observers have argued that Seoul and Tokyo tend to set aside differences and cooperate when the U.S. security commitment to the region appears weak. But while this may be true, the size of the gap to be bridged continues to widen, due to the rise of China and the Japanese and South Korean reactions to increasing great power tension.
tongoscar

Japan 'glasses ban' for women at work sparks backlash - BBC News - 0 views

  • Several local news outlets said some companies had "banned" eyewear for female employees for various reasons.
  • It was not clear whether the so-called "bans" were based on company policies, or rather reflected what was socially accepted practice in those workplaces.
  • She said: "The reasons why women are not supposed to wear glasses... really don't make sense. It's all about gender. It's pretty discriminatory."
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  • "It's not about how women do their work. The company... values the women's appearance as being feminine and that's opposite to someone who wears glasses," Prof Nemoto said.
tongoscar

Yang: 'There's a chance' impeachment could hurt Democratic nominee | TheHill - 0 views

  • “which would definitely take their focus away from the campaign.”But Yang said that wouldn’t affect his presence on the campaign trail.
  • “there’s a chance” impeachment could hurt the 2020 Democratic nominee. 
  • “The downsides of that, the entire country get engrossed in this impeachment process,” Yang said. “And then, we’re gonna look up and be facing Donald Trump in the general election and we will not have made a real case to the American people.”
tongoscar

Vagueness | The First Amendment Encyclopedia - 0 views

shared by tongoscar on 03 Nov 19 - No Cached
  • A law that defines a crime in vague terms is likely to raise due-process issues.
  • Vague laws raise problems with due process
  • a law is unconstitutionally vague when people “of common intelligence must necessarily guess at its meaning.”
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  • Thus, in overturning a California loitering law that required persons who wander or loiter on the streets to provide “credible and reliable” identification in Kolender v. Lawson (1983), the Supreme Court explained that “the void-for-vagueness doctrine requires that a penal statute define the criminal offense with sufficient definiteness that ordinary people can understand what conduct is prohibited and in a manner that does not encourage arbitrary and discriminatory treatment.”
  • the requirement that every law clearly define and articulate “the right to be observed, and the wrongs to be eschewed. . . .”
  • These examples undoubtedly were known to early American commentators and jurists, who often reiterated the importance of clarity in criminal statutes. James Madison in Federalist No. 62 warns of the “calamitous” results if laws are “so incoherent that they cannot be understood. . . .” In an early federal court case, United States v. Sharp (1815), the Court argued that laws that “create crimes, ought to be so explicit in themselves, or by reference to some other standard, that all men, subject to their penalties, may know what acts it is their duty to avoid.”
  • Court has shown three reasons vague statutes are unconstitutional
  • First, due process requires that a law provide fair warning and provides a “persons of ordinary intelligence a reasonable opportunity to know what is prohibited, so that he may act accordingly.”
  • Second, the law must provide “explicit standards” to law enforcement officials, judges, and juries so as to avoid “arbitrary and discriminatory application.”
  • Third, a vague statute can “inhibit the exercise” of First Amendment freedoms and may cause speakers to “steer far wider of the unlawful zone . . . than if the boundaries of the forbidden areas were clearly marked.”
tongoscar

A Model of Ambiguity and Vagueness in Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations - 0 views

  • Ambiguity and vagueness in clinical practice guidelines reduce the likelihood of clinician adherence. They lead to inconsistent interpretation and, in turn, to inappropriate practice variation and medical errors.
  • mbiguity and vagueness have been the subject of considerable attention in linguistics and philosophy
  • both vagueness and ambiguity and the term “disambiguation” has been used to describe the resolution of both vagueness and ambiguity.
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  • Ambiguity exists when a term can reasonably be interpreted in more than one way, for example, the word “bank” can refer to a financial institution or a riverside. Vagueness occurs when the boundaries of a word’s meaning are not well defined, as in the word “tall”5. Vagueness also exists when a word or phrase reduces the level of information contained in a statement, as in stating that an action “may be appropriate”; this phrase reduces the clarity about whether or not the action should be performed.
  • The importance of context on the interpretation of vague terms was shown by Mapes who conducted a study in which physicians were asked to assign a numerical value to the phrase “side effects with [this drug] are rare” in two different contexts: beta adrenergic blocking agents and antihistaminic drugs11.
  • Creating a controlled vocabulary of vague terms has the potential to reduce variable interpretation. Researchers have found hundreds of vague terms used in the medical literature, and reducing these to a manageable set of terms is a viable solution.
  • Researchers have noticed that a rank order of vague terms relative to one other was maintained across studies, despite wide variability in the interpretation of specific terms in the individual studies. This finding indicates it might be possible to create an ordinal scale of ranked vague terms from which authors could select when deliberately using vague terms.
tongoscar

Why Do Emotions Influence Us More Than Reason? - Exploring your mind - 0 views

  • Our mind is extremely powerful and skillful in directing our behavior, both for good and for evil.
  • We have the choice to follow our “heart” or to listen to the list of pros and cons.
  • Most of the studies that have analyzed this process of decision-making affirm that, usually, emotions win.
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  • Emotions: as ethereal as air and as dangerous as sulfur 
  • Emotions are subjective experiences that induce you to act. They emerge basically from our perceptions of the world, instead of from an actual reasoning.
  • Many human behaviors depend on emotions. Emotions have a great effect on the decisions we make. In fact, usually, they are crucial.
  • In theory, emotions are not decisive, but in reality they can be very decisive. They are intrinsic to human beings and seep into all our judgments and deliberations in life. It is not about denying them, but rather about identifying them and learning to channel them for our own good.
  • Emotions usually obey unknown causes.
  • Emotions give way to certain thoughts, and thoughts, in turn, give birth to emotions.
  • Emotions that have barely been thought out lead to a distorted perception of reality.
  • In the same way, imagining purely emotional actions, without even a pinch of reason, is more or less absurd.
  • Emotions are not prancing and runaway horses that we should “take the reins of.” They make us who we are as human beings. They help give meaning to our world. They do not have to be “eradicated,” nor denied or undervalued. Quite the contrary: being able to feel means being able to be human. Only on the basis of emotions can love, sacrifice, big dreams and great deeds be built.
tongoscar

Miranda Fricker: Reason and Emotion / Radical Philosophy - 0 views

  • The question of how emotion relates to reason acquires its importance from an apparent conflict between the implicit teachings of Western philosophy and and feminism.
  • if feminism has learned that it is a political imperative to acknowledge, share and thereby validate the ways in which women’s emotions may conflict with accepted modes of reasoning,
  • Stress, for example, is one such emotional condition which can often remain unacknowledged by the sufferer until stomach ulcers and the like make it painfully and belatedly evident.
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  • If our emotions are accompanied by correlative judgements, then the cognitivist theory can explain dispositional emotions as simply lacking their physiological accompaniment.
  • One expresses a very different response to the world if a judgement is declared with anger, than if one speaks without apparent emotion.
  • In the light of this acknowledgement of the partial autonomy of emotions and their political import, the traditional idea of emotion needing to be dominated by reason is also exposed as hopelessly biased. Of course reason must regulate wayward emotions and -prejudicial feelings, but equally emotion must regulate reason in order that accepted forms of interpretation and rationality do not brutalise and deny people’s emotions, forbidding them their due interpretation, their meaning, and their political significance.
tongoscar

Hong Kong protests: Knife attacker bites man's ear after stabbing four - BBC News - 0 views

  • One of the injured had his ear partially bitten off by an as-yet unidentified male attacker, who was subdued by passersby in the mall.
  • The campaign began in March with demonstrations against a bill that would have allowed extradition from Hong Kong to mainland China but evolved into broader demands.
  • In the five months since they began, the protests have evolved into a call for universal suffrage for the territory - the right of almost all adults to vote in elections.
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  • With no end in sight, China's leaders signalled this week that they were preparing to change how the mainland administered Hong Kong.
tongoscar

US still out front in tech race, China experts say in response to Pentagon claim | Sout... - 0 views

  • these technologies had not only military applications but were also critical for long-term economic prosperity, making them important to the future of US-China
  • China exhibited hypersonic missiles and drones at last month’s National Day parade, and has just launched a commercial 5G – fifth generation mobile network – service on Friday, which is the biggest in the world.
  • Despite breakthroughs in certain fields like 5G, there was more generally a clear gap between China’s digital information and electronics technologies and the world’s technological leaders, according to Beijing-based naval expert Li Jie.
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  • “Imagine what the world would look like if China was setting standards,” he said. “Over time, that means we have fewer levers to shape what the US wants to do, both from a global technology standpoint and also what are the values that are highlighted around the world as ones to be looked up to.”
  • Chinese experts have rejected the claim by a senior Pentagon official that the US is lagging behind China in some key dual-use technologies.
  • But, Brown warned, for China to set the pace for these technologies would be “game-changing”.
  • For the past 50 to 80 years, the US had led the way and set the standards in almost all important technologies and industries,
  • Huawei, China’s telecommunication giant has won contracts to construct the 5G infrastructures for many countries, despite the US campaign to ban Huawei equipment over security concerns.
tongoscar

'The Police Do Nothing': Thugs Attack Protesters with Impunity in Bolivia - 0 views

  • Protesters noted that, even disregarding the fact that the constitution banned him from running before the judicial intervention, Morales appeared to be only narrowly defeating opponent Carlos Mesa before the electoral commission abruptly shut down an electronic count.
  • A woman can be heard echoing the journalist, saying, “The police aren’t doing anything!”
  • “Most of the injured who arrived at clinics and hospitals showed injuries produced by firearms, stab wounds, burns, and concussions,”
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  • The mining industry has traditionally supported Morales.
  • “The interim OAS (Organisation of American States) mission report has identified substantial shortcomings of the electoral process, notably the unexpected interruption of the publication of the voting results, that undermine the necessary credibility and transparency,”
tongoscar

the relationship between emotion and reason - 2 views

  • The relationship between emotion and reason is commonly thought to be a problematic one. But the latest thinking challenges that assumption..
  • Damasio’s theory goes something like this: we are often faced with rational decisions that involve a great many conflicting and confusing alternatives. We usually decide on which course to take by weighing up the options, and deciding which one is most beneficial to our well-being. But when it is unclear which one this may be, our powers of reason are insufficient in formulating an answer. In situations like these, our emotions take over.
  • reason belongs in the mind, and emotion in our body, where is resides alongside instinct and other non-cognitive responses. But of course, there are few dualists left; our understanding of mental processes is much more physically-based, so we need a more satisfactory answer.
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  • ‘High reason’ is the term he uses for choices that are made on the basis of weighing up logical considerations, without allowing emotion to interfere with the process.
tongoscar

Emotion Is Not the Enemy of Reason - 0 views

  • The idea that emotion impedes logic is pervasive and wrong. (Actually, it’s not even wrong.)
  • “Yet our criminal justice system is designed to establish a forum for unimpaired reason, not emotional reaction. Evidence which only appeals to sympathies, conveys a sense of horror, or engenders an instinct to punish should be excluded.”
  • emotions can bias our thinking. What’s not true is that the best thinking comes from a lack of emotion. “Emotion helps us screen, organize and prioritize the information that bombards us,” Bandes and Salerno write. “It influences what information we find salient, relevant, convincing or memorable.”
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  • let’s all ditch that vague notion that “emotion” is the enemy of reason.
tongoscar

It will take critical, thorough scrutiny to truly decolonise knowledge - 0 views

  • Decolonisation is not always a welcome concept in some quarters of academia.
  • Academics are much happier asserting that knowledge is power than they are conceding that power is knowledge.
  • Decolonisation is sometimes presented, not as an attempt to resurrect the dispassionate search for knowledge, but as a rejection of the idea of objectivity, which is seen as a sort of heritage of colonial thinking.
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  • The ideas of the ruling class are in every epoch the ruling ideas.
  • Critical decolonisation means accepting risk of error. It means considering whether indigenous knowledge systems might contain truths that western science has not accessed. But it also means accepting that in some cases indigenous knowledge systems might be wrong.
  • The better approach is to seek an explanation for the difference: in this case, that the role of mothers in buying and distributing food differs between the two places. One can reject universal truths without endorsing relativism.
tongoscar

A Pattern Recognition Theory of Mind | Praxis - 0 views

  • the pace of improvement in technology would become a runaway phenomenon that would transform all aspects of human civilization.
  • the structure and functioning of the human brain is actually quite simple, a basic unit of cognition repeated millions of times. Therefore, creating an artificial brain will not require simulating the human brain at every level of detail. It will only require reverse engineering this basic repeating unit.
  • our memories are organized in discrete segments. If you try to start mid-segment, you’ll struggle for a bit until your sequential memory kicks in.
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  • your memories are sequential, like symbols on a ticker tape. They are designed to be read in a certain direction and in order.
  • your memories are nested. Every action and thought is made up of smaller actions and thoughts.
  • the cortical column, a basic structure that is repeated throughout the neocortex. Each of the approximately 500,000 cortical columns is about two millimeters high and a half millimeter wide, and contains about 60,000 neurons (for a total of about 30 billion neurons in the neocortex).
  • The human brain has evolved to recognize patterns, perhaps more than any other single function. Our brain is weak at processing logic, remembering facts, and making calculations, but pattern recognition is its deep core capability.
  • The neocortex is an elaborately folded sheath of tissue covering the whole top and front of the brain, making up nearly 80% of its weight.
  • The basic structure and functioning of the human brain is hierarchical. This may not seem intuitive at first. It sounds like how a computer works.
  • For our purposes, the most important thing to understand about the neocortex is that it has an extremely uniform structure.
  • Mountcastle also believed there must be smaller sub-units, but that couldn’t be confirmed until years later. These “mini-columns” are so tightly interwoven it is impossible to distinguish them, but they constitute the fundamental component of the neocortex. Thus, they constitute the fundamental component of human thought.
  • The basic structure of a PR has three parts: the input, the name, and the output.
  • The first part is the input – dendrites coming from other PRs that signal the presence of lower-level patterns
  • The third part is the output – axons emerging from the PR that signal the presence of its designated pattern.
  • When the inputs to a PR cross a certain threshold, it fires. That is, it emits a nerve impulse to the higher-level PRs it connects to. This is essentially the “A” PR shouting “Hey guys! I just saw the letter “A”!” When the PR for “Apple” hears such signals for a, p, p again, l, and e, it fires itself, shouting “Hey guys! I just saw “Apple!” And so on up the hierarchy.
  • “neurons that fire together, wire together,” which emphasizes the plasticity of individual neurons and is known as the Hebbian Theory, may be incorrect.
tongoscar

The psychology and neuroscience of curiosity - 0 views

  • Curiosity is a basic element of our cognition, yet its biological function, mechanisms, and neural underpinning remain poorly understood.
  • One factor limiting our understanding of it is the lack of a widely agreed upon delineation of what is and is not curiosity; another factor is the dearth of standardized laboratory tasks that manipulate curiosity in the lab.
  • Curiosity is such a basic component of our natures that we are nearly oblivious to its pervasiveness in our lives.
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  • Its diminution is a symptom of depression, and its overexpression contributes to distractibility, a symptom of disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
  • The history of studies of animal curiosity is nearly as long as the history of the study of human curiosity.
  • the types of curiosity most commonly exhibited by human and non-humans along two dimensions: perceptual versus epistemic, and specific versus diversive
  • the most popular theory about the function of curiosity is to motivate learning.
tongoscar

Reason Vs. Emotion - 0 views

  • we are all guided by both reason and emotion, and both play important parts.
  • emotional intelligence can be a stronger predictor of many dimensions of life-success than IQ,
  • Emotions can be influenced by thought (the emphasis of Cognitive psychotherapies), and thoughts are influenced by emotion (an emphasis of Emotionally Focused therapies). A third element is behavior — which I believe also interplays similarly with thought and emotion.
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  • Negative emotions are opportunities for learning and closeness.
  • Emotion and reason each have somewhat different, but complementary and interlaced roles. They both provide information and guide behavior.
  • Each emotion conveys its own message.
  • Again, what helps here is understanding that you each have different styles, that neither is right or wrong, and you can find ways to bridge a little bit.
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