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migrant workers – who build the capital's offices and mansions, clean its streets and guard its security – have been shut down,

Tens of thousands of migrant children are left without schools

rural origin – a third of the city's 19 million population

day-to-day inju

stices

hukou (household registration), set up in 1958

control rural-to-urban migration

Peasants' role was to produce and feed the cities and support the modernisation process of their motherland.

as shown on their ID – no matter what they might choose to do. "Wo shi nongmin [I am a peasant],"

Deng Xiao Ping's gaige kaifang (economic reforms and opening up), in the late 1970s.

Agricultural production increased in the early stage of the reforms in "releasing the productive forces",

half of the 400 million rural working population have been pushed off the land, seeking a livelihood away from their villages.

As rural residents came to the cities, they immediately faced discrimination and exclusion.

They spoke their own dialects instead of "proper" Mandarin. Many faced verbal abuse as soon as they arrived.

the strict requirement for the unaffordable temporary residency permit, and the random street search by police.

The criteria for applying for a hukou remain harsh, and unreachable for most migrants, and many work for years without any status.

Without hukou,

healthcare, education and housing.

urban dwellers pay a minimal cost for medical care, many migrants have to return home for treatment.

"These children aren't treated as everyone else. They're called the mobile students, who can't go to state schools. Their parents have for years sent their children to privately run schools without proper facilities or curriculum."

hundreds such private schools were set up.

government-funded National Development and Reform Commission

admits it is an "institutional barrier"

government has shown no wish to listen to migrant workers' demands.

voice their discontent is by petitioning the local authorities

Little happens as a result.

Some suspect that migrant children's schools are being closed as a disincentive to future migration.

protests, road blockages, sit-ins and spontaneous strikes.

Hsiao-Hung Pai, Beijing

Migrants who toil in the cities still face a decades-old system of segregation and exploitation. But many are now demanding fairness

Beijing "a city of violence"

Beijing's migrant worker slums

are ruthlessly segregated from the urban dwellers, economically, socially and culturally

Forty per cent of teens said they were exposed to such images, half of them before they were 13. This group were also more able to procure weed or prescription drugs and four times more likely to smoke up.

Parents were skeptical, according to the survey. Of a phone poll of 536 parents, a majority said they did not think social media made their child more likely to drink or use marijuana.

Steve Jobs announced to the world last week that “unfortunately, that day has come” for him to step down as chief executive officer of Apple,

impeccable.

14 years since Jobs regained control of his company in the summer of 1997 after a long, bitter exile

Apple shares have increased a stunning 110-fold

surpassed rival Microsoft a year ago, Apple’s $350 billion in market capitalization places it behind only ExxonMobil

most valuable company in the world.

Apple has made money so quickly and so prodigiously that it holds an outrageous $76 billion in cash and investments

graduate students at the University of Wisconsin, Madison: Abdulfattah Jandali, a Syrian immigrant

In his second time around at Apple, Jobs ultimately achieved what had eluded him in his early years there, from 1976 to 1985

visionary and a brilliant promoter but wasn’t respected as a businessman

Now Jobs, 56, retires,

awesome sum thought to be parked in an obscure subsidiary,

Jobs didn’t just create products that instilled lust in consumers and enriched his company.

Personal computing. The music business. Publishing. Hollywood. All have been radically transformed because of Steve Jobs.

It’s impossible to begin to understand the sources of Jobs’s success without looking to his unusual life story.

like the fictional Harry Potter, he was a misfit, raised by adoptive parents

Bill Gates as the most highly regarded business figure of our times

doctorate in political science

He was adopted at birth by Paul and Clara Jobs of San Francisco.

his constant risk taking, his rare deal-making ability

icrosoft’s Bill Gates and Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg.

“dropout”

drop-in”:

leftist artsy intellectualism, even though he knew his parents couldn’t—and wouldn’t—pick up the tab.

That’s how strongly he wanted to be at an elite school and obtain its validation that he was indeed a wizard rather than a muggle. And that’s how good he was at persuasion and dealmaking—and how open to real risk.

fruitarian” diet that left him constantly hungry.

Touch Bionics also agreed to fit the hand and train Matthew at their state of the art facilities for free, which would have otherwise cost £25,000.

Matthew said: ''It is just amazing.

even fitted with Bluetooth technology to allow Matthew to hook up to a computer wirelessly to track the strength and speed of his movements.

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National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University.

This year’s report found something new and alarming: Teens who regularly use Facebook and Myspace are much more likely than social network avoiders to drink, smoke and use marijuana.

Maybe a kid has a parent who drinks heavily or uses drugs, or lives in a neighborhood where such things are commonplace.

it's the images of intoxicated friends they've seen online that could reel them in.

after seeing images of their peers doing just that

images alone are enough to convince some youth that substance abuse is a normal thing,

"Forty percent of the teens in CASA's survey said they have seen images of intoxicated kids, including some who are passed out, as well as pictures of peers using drugs," says WebMD.

Facebook is a dicey issue

lost the ability to judge what is private and public information

embarrassment or much worse.

district leve

separate personal online

professional online