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wangxiaohui19880214

《梦华录》里的开封,一座先天不足的首都 - 0 views

  • 再加上宋太祖赵匡胤严格防范地方将领拥兵割据,采取 “强干弱枝,内外相制” 的军事策略,即将天下兵马的一半驻扎在首都,另一半分散到全国各地,而且厢军(地方军队)的战斗力比禁军更拉胯。这样做的后果是,北宋地方兵力空虚,导致其在与周边民族政权的战争中多处于劣势。
  • 而洛阳位于开封西面 170 多公里。水路需要经过黄河,此时的黄河航运条件并不理想,因此在接收江南运来的物资方面,并没有开封便利。再加上洛阳屡次经历战争破坏,远不如开封繁华富庶。
  • 试图迁都,直接碰壁尽管赵匡胤在夺位后选择定都于此,但他本人对开封并不满意,一直想要迁都到洛阳去,并以此为跳板,最终迁至长安。一方面,多个重要朝代定都于此,沿袭旧制可 “彰显” 自己的正统地位。另一方面,古代王朝选择都城,必定要考虑安全因素,如古都长安,被关中四塞(东函谷关,后为潼关,西大散关,南武关,北萧关)所拱卫,又有秦岭、崤山凭依,攻取难度颇大。而洛阳则背依北邙山,有伊、洛、瀍、涧四水,东有让李世民一战擒双王的虎牢关,西有潼关作为门户,同样难以攻取。长安和洛阳其实都位于盆地中长安是关中盆地,洛阳是伊洛盆地军事上的安全性有余,但经济资源已严重不足
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  • 而反观地处中原腹地的开封,周围地势十分平坦,只有黄河堪堪可以起到拱卫都城的作用,可以说易攻难守,而作为华北平原门户屏障的幽云十六州(即今天的北京、天津北部、河北中部、山西北部地区),又被后晋的开国皇帝石敬瑭 “孝敬” 给了契丹。
  • 假如在北宋初年,统治者能一举收复幽云十六州,则中原大地有了一个地理屏障,京师的安全也就有了最基本的保障。可惜的是,这一愿景随着宋太宗兵败高梁河而烟消云散。
  • 另一方面,古代王朝选择都城,必定要考虑安全因素,如古都长安,被关中四塞(东函谷关,后为潼关,西大散关,南武关,北萧关)所拱卫,又有秦岭、崤山凭依,攻取难度颇大。而洛阳则背依北邙山,有伊、洛、瀍、涧四水,东有让李世民一战擒双王的虎牢关,西有潼关作为门户,同样难以攻取。
  • 纵观北宋从立国到灭亡的 167 年间,光是有名有姓、被记载到史书上的农民起义就有两百多次,但纵使如此,对于北宋根基毫无影响。
  • 其原因是,除去那些因为活不下去而选择起义的人,大量无地农民选择背井离乡到大城市,以流民的形式谋一份生路,而北宋是中国古代罕有的不严格执行 “重农抑商” 政策的朝代,很多流民在见识到商业的繁荣后,纷纷选择做些小生意以养家糊口。(此外还有灾年的征兵,解决了灾民问题,但增加了冗兵)
iyus qobain

Bella Cotton Spandex Ladies Camisole - Black 600 S - 0 views

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Paul Johnston

Increase Office Productivity with the HP LaserJet Enterprise Toner Cartridge Multipacks - 0 views

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    Buy toner cartridges for HP LaserJet Enterprise printers. We carry printer cartridges for laserjet enterprise 600 M601N, 600 M602X, M4555 MFP, 600 M602DN, M4555f MFP, M4555fskm MFP, 500 Colour M551dn and more printers with multipack deals. Get big discounts on ink cartridge multipacks and save your money with next day delivery services and money back guarantee.
sunkyeconnector

Sunkye ARINC 600 Rack&Panel Rectangular Connector - 1 views

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    Sunkye ARINC 600 Rack&Panel Rectangular Connector Good performance of environment resistance 216 kinds of anti-misoperation styles High density up to 800 signal contacts Low insertion force contacts Brief introduction of Sunkey ARINC 600 Connector Mounting panel are insulator modules for free collocation. Apply to aviation and military equipment cabinet Be compatible with arinc 600 backshell to provide protection against harsh operating conditions.
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Canon DR-2580C Color Duplex 25 Ppm Id Card Scanning 600 Dpi USB 2.0 By Canon - 0 views

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    Canon DR-2580C Color Duplex 25 Ppm Id Card Scanning 600 Dpi USB 2.0 By Canon - with price: $1,299.99 - The Ordinance DR-3080C fast Duplex Scanner performs much similar to the aforementioned utilized as a part of centermost reprographics.
Diala Bank

Life Insurance Cudappah - 0 views

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Diala Bank

Life Insurance Cooch Behar - 0 views

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Diala Bank

Life Insurance Dehra Dun - 0 views

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Diala Bank

Life Insurance Kolkata - 0 views

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Diala Bank

Life Insurance Darjeeling - 0 views

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    Compare 1000s of Life Insurance Plans Available In Darjeeling. Find the Right Plan Across Life Insurance companies in Darjeeling.  Apply Online at http://www.dialabank.com/article.cfm/articleid/2843 or Call 98 78 98 11 66 / 600 11 600
Diala Bank

Life Insurance Delhi - 0 views

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Diala Bank

Life Insurance Darbanga - 0 views

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Diala Bank

Life Insurance Mumbai - 0 views

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Diala Bank

Life Insurance Cuttack - 0 views

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Equities Group

Apple Clears $600 a Share, How Much Higher Can it Go? - 0 views

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    With Apple clearing $600 a share only a month after reaching $500 a share, investors are wondering just how high can the company's stock price go.
kritika singla

Loan For House - 0 views

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Business Loan Guntur - Apply Online / Call 98 78 98 11 66 - 0 views

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iyus qobain

Canon imageCLASS D1180 Multifunction Printer. IMAGECLASS D1180 MONO LASER P/S/C/F ADF U... - 0 views

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Bedat Unisex 828.021.600 No. 8 Steel Bracelet Automatic Diamond Crown Watch By Bedat - 0 views

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Oriental Bank of Commerce Home Loan Noida - 0 views

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