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Contents contributed and discussions participated by Nathan Goodyear

Nathan Goodyear

Increased estradiol levels in venous... [Int J Impot Res. 2005 May-Jun] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    Study finds a link between Estradiol, venous insufficiency, and ED in men.  The signaling is through VEGF and NO.
Nathan Goodyear

Endocrine milieu and erectile dysfunction: is oestradiol-testosterone imbalance, a risk... - 0 views

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    This article points to the impact of T:E2 on ED in men.  A declining T:E2 increases ED in older men.  
Nathan Goodyear

Hormonal Modulation in Aging Patients with Erectile Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome - 0 views

  • Hypogonadism and MetS are strongly associated [12, 13, 16], having even been demonstrated that with the increasing number of MetS parameters there is a proportional raise in the incidence of hypogonadism
  • increasing number of MetS components is inversely associated with T levels
  • the presence of MetS did not prove to be a significant determinant of hypogonadism, as it did not lead to a decline in T levels, in MetS patients with already established hypogonadism, the increasing number of MetS features was associated with further decline in T
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  • In the setting of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia and increased WC have been reported as the most important determinants of hypogonadism
  • recent literature consistently associates obesity not only with higher risk of hypogonadism [4, 6, 27] but also with lower T levels
  • Visceral adiposity has been particularly related with reduction of T and SHBG levels (independent of other metabolic disorders)
  • WC was one of the MetS parameters with the greatest influence in T levels decrease, presenting itself as a strong risk factor for hypogonadism development
  • MetS-related T decline was not accompanied by an increase in pituitary LH levels, suggesting impairment in gonadotropin secretion
  • The molecules behind this smoothing compensatory effect of GnRH/LH are still unknown, but estrogens and insulin, as well as leptin, TNF-α, and other adipokines, were proposed candidates
  • fat stores undertake an increase aromatization of androgens, therefore raising estrogen levels [9, 15], which in turn decrease LH secretion
  • our data contradicts the concept that estradiol exerts a negative feedback on hypothalamic GnRH secretion
  • taking into account that high estradiol levels have already been described as the only abnormality in a subset of patients with ED, the hypothesis that the later might not only be caused by androgen deficiency is becoming increasingly evident
  • it has been reported that the chronic exposure to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), widely used for the treatment of ED, may influence serum estradiol levels
  • thyroid disorders (specially hyperthyroidism) have been related to ED and hypogonadism, and so must be considered in a sexual-dysfunction setting
  • It is clear from the current literature that collecting a more thorough hormonal panel might be a wise approach to further uncover hormonal relations
    • Nathan Goodyear
       
      outstanding point.  This hits to the point that Low T is the effect not the cause.
  • We concluded that in ED patients with hypogonadism and MetS, the attenuated response of HPG axis (normal or low LH levels) might not always be due to an underlying adiposity-dependent estrogen-raising effect.
  • our findings indicate that ED, aging, and estradiol might have a stronger connection than what is currently described in the literature.
  • this study underlines the importance of the collection of a full hormonal panel in ED men
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    low T strongly associated with metabolic syndrome in men.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone replacement with transdermal therapeutic s... [JAMA. 1989] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    Study found that peak serum levels of Testosterone were achieved 3-8 hours after topical scrotum application of Testosterone.
Nathan Goodyear

Transdermal testosterone replacement therapy in men - 0 views

  • a recent study has suggested that it may sometimes be inaccurate because of abnormal fluctuation of other circulating androgens
    • Nathan Goodyear
       
      The authors are referencing the increase in the suggestions to use other testing techniques i.e. saliva.
  • Testosterone therapy can inhibit hepcidin transcription and is associated with increased iron incorporation into red blood cells and increased erythropoietin concentrations
  • Transdermal TRT has a more favorable adverse effect profile when compared to buccal testosterone formulations
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  • testosterone concentrations should be checked 2–3 months after initiation of therapy and after adjusting the dose
  • the recommendation for injectable testosterone esters is to check the serum concentration midway between injections
  • it is recommended for serum testosterone to be evaluated 3 to 12 hours after application of the transdermal patch
  • Approximately 0.3% of testosterone is converted into estradiol by aromatase (CYP19A1)
  • a study from 1989 utilizing testosterone transdermally containing 5, 10, or 15 mg of testosterone showed that peak concentrations of testosterone were achieved 3 to 8 hours after scrotal application in hypogonadal men
  • measure serum testosterone any time after the patient has been on treatment with gel for at least 1 week
  • evaluate serum testosterone at the end of the dosing interval for testosterone pellets
  • increased amount of fat leads to increased extragonadal aromatase activity, resulting in increased concentrations of estradiol. High circulating concentrations of estradiol down regulate the HPG axis and decrease the amount of circulating testosterone
  • Up to 80% of plasma estradiol originates from aromatization of testosterone and less than 20% of estradiol in the circulation is secreted by the testes
  • A PSA concentration, digital rectal examination, and hematocrit should be performed at baseline and at 3 months, 6 months, then yearly after TRT is initiated.
  • It is used for many medications and has the advantage of high bioavailability, absence of hepatic first pass metabolism, increased therapeutic efficacy, and steadiness of plasma concentrations of the drug
  • If the hematocrit rises above 54%, treatment should be discontinued
  • elderly men having higher estradiol serum concentrations than postmenopausal women
Nathan Goodyear

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation - 0 views

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    Birth control pills increase resting cortisol levels.  This study looked at salivary and urinary cortisol.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone Replacement Therapy Improves Metabolic Parameters in Hypogonadal Men with ... - 0 views

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    Testosterone therapy lowered HgbA1c in poorly controlled Diabetics.  These patients were followed out to 52 weeks.  Testosterone therapy, as is lifestyle change, a long term strategy of Diabetes control.  Studies in controlled Diabetics have not shown a reduction in HgbA1c consistently.  Total cholesterol and waist circumference were also reduced.
Nathan Goodyear

Gonadal status and outcome of bariatric surgery in obese men - Aarts - 2013 - Clinical ... - 0 views

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    Small study of 13 men found that weight loss following bariatric surgery resulted in improved HPA function in 10/13.  Three men had resistant HPA dysfunction.  Free Testosterone was followed.
Nathan Goodyear

Age-associated changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular function in middle-aged and... - 0 views

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    Lifestyle changes that result in weight loss can increase Total Testosterone, free Testosterone, and SHBG.
Nathan Goodyear

Diagnosis and treatment of late-onset hypogonadism: Systematic review and meta-analysis... - 0 views

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    Testosterone therapy is complex in hypogonadism.  Much of the marketing-based medicine of Low T today is in fact doping.  Increasing weight is clearly associated with a declining T level in men.  Testosterone therapy should be approach individually and therapies that use the one size fits all approach never work.  This is the case whether the use of synthetics or natural hormones are employed.  Testosterone has been shown to improve dysglycemia, MetS, reduce fat and increase muscle mass.  
Nathan Goodyear

Characteristics of Secondary, Primary, and Compensated Hypogonadism in Aging Men: Evide... - 0 views

  • Older men were more likely to have primary [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 3.04; P < 0.001] and compensated (RRR = 2.41; P < 0.001) hypogonadism. Body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or higher was associated with secondary hypogonadism (RRR = 8.74; P < 0.001)
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    The prevalence of low T varies significantly between lean versus overweight men.  This suggests a significant contribution of obesity and its biologic effects as a cause of low T.  The difference is 30%.
Nathan Goodyear

Androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer: how should the side effects b... - 0 views

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    Androgen deprivation therapy in men has been shown to worsen insulin resistance and precipitate type II Diabetes as well as stimulate weight gain.  This suggests a cause effect relationship between Testosterone and insulin sensitivity.  Other studies have pointed to a reciprocal decline in Testosterone due to hyperglycemia--both acute and chronic.   Androgen deprivation has a significant long list of cardiovascular risks and this should be discussed with the patient.
Nathan Goodyear

Acute Sex Steroid Withdrawal Reduces Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men with Idiopathic... - 0 views

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    This study looked at a small number of men with low T.  Therapy was abruptly stopped and the effects were followed.  Insulin function declined.  There was a trend to increased glucose and IL-6.
Nathan Goodyear

Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, but Not Testosterone, Is Associated Prospectively and Ind... - 0 views

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    SHBG associated with increased metabolic syndrome risk, not Testosterone in this study.  Total Testosterone, when low, has been suggested to be more predictive of Mets than free T.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone deficiency is associated with increased risk of mortality and testosterone... - 0 views

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    Low Testosterone in men with Diabetes predictive of an increase in all-cause mortality.  This fits with other data.  
Nathan Goodyear

Obesity and age as dominant correlates of low testosterone in men irrespective of diabe... - 0 views

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    Testosterone was inversely associated with weight and age.  This study points to this as the primary driver of low T, even in Diabetics.  Total Testosterone was inversely associated with BMI and free (calculated) Testosterone was associated with age.
Nathan Goodyear

Low Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Total Testosterone, and Symptomatic Androgen Deficien... - 0 views

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    Low Total Testosterone, low SHBG, and symptoms of low T are associated with an increase risk (relative) of Mets, especially in normal weight men.
Nathan Goodyear

Total and free testosterone concentrations are strongly influenced by age and central o... - 0 views

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    Testosterone levels, measured as total, bioavailable and free, found to be associated with age and central (not visceral) obesity in those men with type I and II Diabetes.  Weakly with symptoms of low T and ED.
Nathan Goodyear

Role of sphingolipids in oestrogen signalling in breast cancer cells: an update - 0 views

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    to be read.  
Nathan Goodyear

Perinatal exposure to low-dose bisphenol A affects the neuroendocrine stress response i... - 0 views

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    intra uterine exposure to BPA disrupts stress response in rat model.
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