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Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone and metabolic syndrome Cunningham GR - Asian J Androl - 0 views

www.ajandrology.com/article.asp

Testosterone metabolic syndrome MetS TT total Testosterone SHBG men male hormone hormones Estradiol insulin resistance

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • The relationship of low testosterone to MetS often is considered to be bidirectional; however, the relationships probably are not direct
  • Many of the components of the MetS are recognized risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD)
  • Multiple cross-sectional studies have found low TT and low sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels in Caucasian and African-American men with the MetS, irrespective of age
  • ...20 more annotations...
  • Low TT and SHBG levels also are prevalent in Chinese [7],[8] and Korean [9] men with the MetS
  • Normally 40%-50% of TT is bound to SHBG, so reducing SHBG levels will decrease TT.
  • Hyperinsulinism suppresses SHBG synthesis and secretion by the liver
  • significant increase in SHBG levels occurred after acutely lowering insulin levels in obese men
  • Estradiol levels are increased in men with the MetS, and they are positively correlated with the number of abnormal components of the MetS.
  • Although it is known that estrogen will increase SHBG levels, apparently the hyperinsulinism associated with obesity has a greater effect on SHBG levels
  • Estradiol also can inhibit luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion
  • Inflammatory cytokines are thought to have a direct effect on the pituitary to reduce LH secretion [15] and also a direct effect on Leydig cell secretion of testosterone
  • Low TT Levels have been shown to predict development of the MetS in men with normal BMI
  • Men in the lowest quartiles of serum TT, calculated free testosterone (cFT) and SHBG at baseline had the highest odds ratios for developing the MetS or DM during the 11 years follow-up
  • More recently, investigators conducting population-based studies have reported that only SHBG is associated with future development of the MetS
  • Additional evidence that low TT increases the risk of MetS comes from androgen deprivation treatment of prostate cancer
  • Low TT and low bioavailable testosterone (bT) were each significantly associated with elevated 20 years risk of CVD mortality in an older population in which cause-specific mortality was age, adiposity, and lifestyle-adjusted.
  • combination of low bT and ATP III-defined MetS is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in men aged 40 years and above
  • in elderly men, testosterone may weakly protect against CVD. Alternatively, low TT may indicate poor general health
  • Muraleedharan and Jones [27] concluded that there is convincing evidence that low T is a biomarker for disease severity and mortality.
  • The evidence that TRT improves insulin sensitivity and glucose control is conflicted
  • It is widely recognized that testosterone treatment can reduce fat mass and increase lean body mass; however, until recently most reports have not been associated with much weight loss
  • Changes in body composition and weight loss are considered potential mechanisms by which testosterone treatment improves insulin sensitivity and glucose control in patients with diabetes. Effects on inflammatory cytokines [38] and changes in oxidative metabolism [39] also have been reported to improve glucose metabolism.
  • Testosterone replacement therapy has been reported to improve some or all of the components of the MetS.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Mar 15
     
    To be read article on Testosterone and Metabolic Syndrome.
Nathan Goodyear

Sex hormone levels in patients with sudden cardiac arrest - Heart Rhythm - 0 views

www.heartrhythmjournal.com/...abstract

hormone hormones Testosterone low T low Testosterone low estradiol men women CVD cardiovascular disease MI myocardial infarction heart attack

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Sep 14
     
    Study finds increased risk of sudden MI in men with low Testosterone and elevated Estradiol.  In converse, increased risk is associated with elevated Estradiol in women.
Nathan Goodyear

Estrogen attenuates glutamate-induced cell death by inhibiting Ca2+ influx through L-ty... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2700344

estrogen estradiol apoptosis neurodegeneration glutamate glutamic acid

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Mar 14
     
    Estradiol inhibits glutamate mediated influx of calcium and thus cell death in cell line.  Glutamate, the principle excitatory neurotransmitter, is involved in neurodegeneration through activation of calcium channels.  This study of cell line cultures found that Estradiol inhibits this process.  I question whether this is applicable to both men and women.  Time will tell.
Nathan Goodyear

Association of sex hormones and C-reactive protein levels in men - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2866020

male men hormones CRP inflammation cytokine Testosterone SHBG estradiol estrogen

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Sep 15
     
    Low total Testosterone, low free Testosterone, and low SHBG associated with increased CRP.  Serum total estradiol and free estradiol trended to a positive association, but did not reach statistical significance.
Nathan Goodyear

Aromatase Inhibition in the Human Male Reveals a Hypothalamic Site of Estrogen Feedback - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...3027.full

anastrozole arimidex aromatase inhibition men E2 estradiol Testosterone low T hypothalamus pituitary

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Mar 12
     
    aromatase inhiibition via anastrozole decreased Estradiol and allowed for an increase in Testosterone production.  Estradiol has a negative feedback at both the hypothalamus and the pituitary.
Nathan Goodyear

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/109/17/2074.full.pdf - 0 views

circ.ahajournals.org/...2074.full.pdf

Testosterone Estradiol CVD atherosclerosis carotid intima-media thickness men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jan 14
     
    lower Free Testosterone and increased Estradiol through aromatase activity is associated with increased atherosclerosis.  This was monitored with Carotid intima-media thickness.  This study found an increase associated with low free Testosterone and increased free estradiol levels independent of other CVD variables.
Nathan Goodyear

Neutral associations of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and estradiol with fatal and ... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...27106765

CVD low T low testosterone estradiol Testosterone DHT dihydrotestosterone male health male hormones cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Apr 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Apr 16
     
    study of middle aged men (mean age--50) finds no correlation between Testosterone, DHT, and higher Estradiol levels in CVD outcomes, including mortality.  Men who died during the study had lower total Testosterone, free Testosterone, and DHT levels than those that survived during the study.
Nathan Goodyear

Sex steroids and cardiovascular disease Yeap BB - Asian J Androl - 0 views

www.ajandrology.com/article.asp

cardiovascular disease CVD sex estradiol carotid intima-media thickness hormones hormone men Testosterone estrogen

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • Levels of SHBG are higher in older men, therefore levels of free T decline more steeply than total T as men's age increases.
  • calculations based on mass action equations may not reflect precisely free T measured using a reference method
  • free T declines more steeply with age than total T in both cross-sectional [35] and longitudinal studies, [36] as does free E2 in comparison to total E2
  • ...22 more annotations...
  • T may slow development of or progression of atherosclerosis by modulating effects on insulin resistance, inflammation, endothelial function, preclinical atherosclerosis or the vasculature.
  • these cross-sectional and longitudinal studies support a relationship between low circulating T with CIMT and higher E2 with its progression
  • lower levels of T are biomarkers for aortic vascular disease
  • circulating free T was negatively associated with the presence of AAA
  • luteinizing hormone (LH) was positively associated.
  • low levels of total or bioavailable T were associated with aortic atherosclerosis manifested as calcified deposits detected by radiography
  • Men with total or free T in the lowest quartile had increased adjusted ORs for PAD defined as ABI <0.90, as did men with free E2 in the highest quartile of values
  • The apparent association of SHBG with intermittent claudication reflects the correlation of total T with SHBG, while the contribution of E2 to risk of PAD remains unclear
  • men with total T in the lowest quartile of values (<11.7 nmol l−1 ) experienced an increased incidence of stroke or transient ischemic attack
  • lower total T with increased incidence of CVD events
  • cohort studies in mostly older men have supported the association of lower androgen levels with higher mortality
  • lower total or free T levels were associated with mortality in older men, but with discordant results for cause-specific mortality and for associations of E2
  • several large studies identifying lower endogenous levels of total or free T as independent predictors of all-cause or CVD-related deaths in middle-aged and older men
  • T exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, enhances flow-mediated brachial artery reactivity, and reduces arterial stiffness
  • Short-term T therapy had a beneficial effect on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in middle-aged men with coronary artery disease or chronic stable angina, [95],[96],[97] and reduced angina frequency in older men with diabetes and coronary artery disease
  • T therapy resulted in an increase in treadmill test duration and time to ST segment depression
  • there are interventional studies supporting a protective effect of exogenous T against myocardial ischemia in men with coronary artery disease
  • employ conservative doses
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jan 14
       
      This dosing is 100 fold higher then peak production of a  young man at 20-22.
  • Observational studies indicate that lower levels of endogenous T in older men are associated with the presence of carotid atherosclerosis, aortic and peripheral vascular disease, and incidence of CVD events and mortality
  • Interventional studies have shown beneficial effects of exogenous T on vascular function and on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in men with coronary artery disease
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jan 14
       
      the therapies employed in these studies were massively overdosed.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Jan 14
     
    Nice review of all the sex hormones and their relationship to CVD in men.  
Nathan Goodyear

Estradiol and inflammatory markers in Older Men - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...518.full.pdf

Estradiol inflammation inflammatory cytokines IL-6 CRP men hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Apr 12
     
    In this study, estradiol is associate with increased IL-6 in elderly men. No correlation was seen with TNFalpha, and CRP.
Nathan Goodyear

Estradiol in elderly men. [Aging Male. 2002] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...12198740

estrogen estradiol estrone men aromatase activity hormone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Plasma levels of estradiol do not necessarily reflect tissue-level activity
  • age-associated increased aromatization of testosterone
  • Estradiol levels are highly significantly positively related to body fat mass and more specifically to subcutaneous abdominal fat
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 12
     
    Review of the sources of estrogens in men and the impact it has on a man's physiology.
Nathan Goodyear

TBioMed | Full text | The Estradiol-Dihydrotestosterone model of prostate cancer - 0 views

www.tbiomed.com/10

Testosterone Estradiol E2 T:E2 prostate cancer CA apoptosis

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 May 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 May 12
     
    Estradiol in men inhibits apoptosis.  Testosterone promotes apoptosis.   Thus the decreasing T:E2 ratio in men as they age is an important step in the development of prostate cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Hormonal Modulation in Aging Patients with Erectile Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3888699

low T Testosterone hypogonadism MetS metabolic syndrome men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Hypogonadism and MetS are strongly associated [12, 13, 16], having even been demonstrated that with the increasing number of MetS parameters there is a proportional raise in the incidence of hypogonadism
  • increasing number of MetS components is inversely associated with T levels
  • the presence of MetS did not prove to be a significant determinant of hypogonadism, as it did not lead to a decline in T levels, in MetS patients with already established hypogonadism, the increasing number of MetS features was associated with further decline in T
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • In the setting of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia and increased WC have been reported as the most important determinants of hypogonadism
  • recent literature consistently associates obesity not only with higher risk of hypogonadism [4, 6, 27] but also with lower T levels
  • Visceral adiposity has been particularly related with reduction of T and SHBG levels (independent of other metabolic disorders)
  • WC was one of the MetS parameters with the greatest influence in T levels decrease, presenting itself as a strong risk factor for hypogonadism development
  • MetS-related T decline was not accompanied by an increase in pituitary LH levels, suggesting impairment in gonadotropin secretion
  • The molecules behind this smoothing compensatory effect of GnRH/LH are still unknown, but estrogens and insulin, as well as leptin, TNF-α, and other adipokines, were proposed candidates
  • fat stores undertake an increase aromatization of androgens, therefore raising estrogen levels [9, 15], which in turn decrease LH secretion
  • our data contradicts the concept that estradiol exerts a negative feedback on hypothalamic GnRH secretion
  • taking into account that high estradiol levels have already been described as the only abnormality in a subset of patients with ED, the hypothesis that the later might not only be caused by androgen deficiency is becoming increasingly evident
  • it has been reported that the chronic exposure to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), widely used for the treatment of ED, may influence serum estradiol levels
  • thyroid disorders (specially hyperthyroidism) have been related to ED and hypogonadism, and so must be considered in a sexual-dysfunction setting
  • It is clear from the current literature that collecting a more thorough hormonal panel might be a wise approach to further uncover hormonal relations
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 05 Feb 14
       
      outstanding point.  This hits to the point that Low T is the effect not the cause.
  • We concluded that in ED patients with hypogonadism and MetS, the attenuated response of HPG axis (normal or low LH levels) might not always be due to an underlying adiposity-dependent estrogen-raising effect.
  • our findings indicate that ED, aging, and estradiol might have a stronger connection than what is currently described in the literature.
  • this study underlines the importance of the collection of a full hormonal panel in ED men
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Feb 14
     
    low T strongly associated with metabolic syndrome in men.
Nathan Goodyear

Circulating Estradiol Is an Independent Predictor of Progression of Carotid Artery Inti... - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...4433.long

Estradiol inflammation carotid IMT men male hormone hormones CVD

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Nov 13
     
    Increasing Estradiol is associated with an increasing carotid IMT in men.
Nathan Goodyear

In Older Men an Optimal Plasma Testosterone Is Associated With Reduced All-Cause Mortal... - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...jc.2013-3272.abstract

testosterone heart disease heart mortality DHT dihydrotestosterone estradiol male men hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Dec 13
     
    Older men, 70-89, Testosterone in the middle range of normal and higher DHT was associated with the lowest death rates.  Estradiol was not found to be associated.  This study only looked at Total levels, free bioavailable levels were not assessed.  This study also highlights the basic thought, that more is not always better as it pertains to Testosterone.  It also highlights the importance of DHT.  Testosterone is a pro hormone.
Nathan Goodyear

Estradiol and Inflammatory Markers in Older Men - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2646519

men hormones male hormones estradiol estrogen inflammation IL-6 cytokines CRP TNF-alpha

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Sep 15
     
    Estradiol in men is associated with increased IL-6.  No association was found with CRP or TNF-alpha.
Nathan Goodyear

Association Between Endogenous Sex Hormones and Liver Fat in a Mult... - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25592661

Testosterone Estradiol SHBG hormone hormones men women non-alcoholic fatty liver fatty liver CVD cardiovascular disease cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15
     
    Time that physicians start following the science.  Study using data from the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis was used to assess hormones and fatty liver in men and women.  Increasing bioavailable Testosterone levels in women was found to be associated with increasing fatty liver in post-menopausal women.  The opposite was found to be true in men.  Higher Estradiol levels were found to be associated with increased fatty liver in both sexes.  However, the statistical significance was higher with men.  Higher SHBG was associated with lower fatty liver incidence in men.  
Nathan Goodyear

The Effects of Injected Testosterone Dose and Age on the Conversion of Testosterone to ... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2913038

testosterone testosterone therapy low T low Testosterone aromatase Estradiol E2:T

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 13
     
    Injectable testosterone shown to increase Estradiol production and negatively influence the E2:T ratio in older, obese men.  This is no surprise as age and obesity are known to increase aromatase activity.  I am really surprised that no discussion of aromatase inhibition was discussed.
Nathan Goodyear

Circulating estradiol is an independ... [J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...16940451

Estradiol men male hormone hormones carotid intima-media thickness CVD atherosclerosis

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jan 14
     
    increased Total and free Estradiol associated with progression of carotid intima-media thickness in men ie. increased atherosclerosis.
Nathan Goodyear

Increased estradiol levels in venous... [Int J Impot Res. 2005 May-Jun] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...15578040

estradiol estrogen ED erectile dysfunction men male hormone hormones NO VEGF

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Feb 14
     
    Study finds a link between Estradiol, venous insufficiency, and ED in men.  The signaling is through VEGF and NO.
Nathan Goodyear

The Impact of Estradiol and 1,25(OH)2D3 on Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Taiwanese ... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3610656

Estradiol estrogen men hormone hormones metabolic syndrome

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Aug 13
     
    Estradiol in men associated with increased metabolic syndrome.
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