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Nathan Goodyear

Differential regulation of endothelium behavior by progesterone and medroxyprogesterone... - 0 views

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    No surprise that progesterone and the synthetic progestin medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) have different effects on the vascular endothelium. MPA inhibits NO production, whereas Progesterone maintains NO production.  MPA promoted platelet adhesion whereas Progesterone did not--significant implication in plaque formation.
Nathan Goodyear

JAMA Network | JAMA | Conjugated Equine Estrogens and Incidence of Probable D... - 0 views

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    This was the WHI review of data as it pertains to dementia and cognitive decline in women.  The take home here is that the data provides little evidence for premarin with or without medroxyprogesterone acetate in > 65 for prevention of dementia.  However, this is in women > 65 and studies show that younger women do indeed receive benefit, especially in those with early ovary removal.  Another point here, MPA (medroxyprogesterone acetate) increases cognitive decline.  Just don't take MPA, it is a bad drug all the way around!
Nathan Goodyear

JAMA Network | JAMA | Estrogen Plus Progestin and the Incidence of Dementia a... - 0 views

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    Estrogen with progestin worsens cognitive decline in women >65.  Little can be taken from this study other than, medroxyprogesterone acetate is a bad drug and should not be given to women for any purpose, especially in those >65.  One wonders if bioidentical, physiologic hormone replacement would have the same effect?  I doubt it.  The likely negative impact of hormones on the brain in women >65 is due to the negative effects of MPA, the change in inflammatory cytokines, and the change in receptors.
Nathan Goodyear

Comparison of physical and emotional side effects ... [Menopause. 2002 Jul-Aug] - PubMe... - 0 views

  • MPA users reported more vaginal bleeding and breast tenderness than progesterone users.
  • he lesser side effects of the micronized progesterone-containing regimen suggest that some women may prefer it to an MPA-containing regimen.
Nathan Goodyear

ScienceDirect - European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology : Actions of a progest... - 0 views

  • at both progestogen and glucocorticoid receptors may mediate the effects of high-dose MPA therapy in breast cancer. The possible stimulation of the growth of some cell types by MPA requires further investigation.
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    Provera provides stimulation of breast issue; likely increasing risk of breast cancer
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Postmeno... - 0 views

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    synthetic progestin (MPA) off sets beneficial estrogen heart benefits
Nathan Goodyear

Is Timing Everything? New Insights into Why the Effect of Estrogen Therapy on Memory Mi... - 0 views

  • Women who have an oophorectomy before the normal age at menopause show an increased risk for cognitive impairment or dementia later in life unless they are treated with estrogen until the normal age at menopause
  • SIRT1 has been implicated in the disruption of mitochondrial bioenergenetics in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment
  • the increase in dementia observed with CEE/MPA rather than CEE alone suggests potential deleterious effects of MPA on brain function in older women
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  • SIRT 1 as a potential mediator of the impact of E2
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    Early estrogen therapy in perimenopause and early menopause, with Estradiol, provides more health benefits than later therapy.  This article looked at Estrogen's effects on a woman's brain.  This likely has its origins in the change in estrogen receptors. The signal is not changing, but the reception of that signal is.  How else can one explain a different response to the same hormone dosage?
Nathan Goodyear

Comparison of regimens containing oral micronized ... [J Womens Health Gend Based Med. ... - 0 views

  • Approximately 80% of women reported overall satisfaction with the micronized progesterone-containing regimen. A micronized progesterone-containing HRT regimen offers the potential for improved QOL as measured by improvement of menopause-associated symptoms.
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    watch out!  bioidentical progesterone provides improved symptom control versus synthetic progestin MPA
Nathan Goodyear

Immunosuppressive Biological Mechanisms Support Reassessment of Use of the Injectable C... - 0 views

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    Injectable medroxyprogesterone acetate for contraception provides immune suppression through glucocorticoid receptors.
Nathan Goodyear

Gender and sex hormones in multiple sclerosis pathology and therapy - 0 views

  • It is now well recognized that the disease manifestation is reduced in pregnant women with relapsing-remitting MS
  • This occurs particularly during the third trimester when levels of estrogens (estradiol and estriol) and progesterone (see Table 2) are elevated up to about 20 times
  • This seems well correlated with a decrease in active white matter lesions detected by MRI
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  • This clinical improvement is however followed by temporary rebound exacerbations at post-partum, when the hormone levels decline
  • a shift from Th1 to Th2 immune response, expansion of suppressive regulatory T lymphocytes and decrease in the number of circulating CD16+ natural killer (NK)-cells
  • Th1 lymphocytes secrete proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-2, IFNgamma, lymphotoxin) while Th2 cells secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-4, IL-5, IL-10), which favor humoral-mediated responses
  • Th2 cytokines are associated with down-regulation of Th1 cytokines and this Th2 shift is believed to provide protection from allograft rejection during pregnancy as well as from Th1-mediated autoimmune disease
  • it is worth noting that the levels of other hormones with anti-inflammatory activity (1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, norepinephrine, cortisol) also increase by 2 to 4 times during late pregnancy
  • 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 induces regulatory T-cell function important for development of self-tolerance
  • breast-feeding does not alter the relapse rate in women with MS
  • Leptin is a pleiotropic hormone produced primarily by adipocytes but also by T lymphocytes and neurons
  • Several lines of evidence indicate that leptin contributes to EAE/MS pathogenesis, influencing its onset and clinical severity, by acting as a proinflammatory cytokine which promotes regulatory T cell (Treg) anergy and hyporesponsiveness, resulting in increased Th1 (TNFalpha, INFgamma) and reduced Th2 (IL-4) cytokine production
  • circulating leptin levels are increased in relapsing-remitting MS patients (men and women analyzed together) while the CD4+CD25+Treg population decreases
  • As the leptin plasma concentrations are proportional to the amount of fat tissue, obese/overweight individuals produce higher levels of leptin
  • Nielsen et al found that estradiol and progesterone exert neuroprotection against glutamate neurotoxicity, while MPA antagonizes the neuroprotective effect of estradiol and exacerbated neuron death induced by glutamate excitotoxicity
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    very good review of the differences in MS and hormones between the sexes.
Nathan Goodyear

Informa Healthcare - Climacteric - 6(3):221 - Summary - 0 views

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    Progesterone reduce breast growth and Medroxyprogesterone acetate increases breast growth
Nathan Goodyear

Medroxyprogesterone acetate induces cell prolifera... [Endocrinology. 2005] - PubMed re... - 0 views

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    MedroxyProgesterone Acetate increases breast cell growht
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Postmeno... - 0 views

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    medroxyprogsterone acetate (synthetic progestin) increase vascular function in postmenopausal women
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