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Mars Base

Russian scientists make rare find of 'blood' in mammoth - 0 views

phys.org/...ntists-rare-blood-mammoth.html

scibyte96 WollyMammoth

shared by Mars Base on 30 May 13 - No Cached
  • Russian scientists claimed
  • the rare find could boost
  • chances of cloning
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • Russian scientists claimed
  • they have discovered blood in the carcass of a woolly mammoth
  • An expedition led by Russian scientists earlier this month uncovered the well-preserved carcass of a female mammoth on a remote island in the Arctic Ocean
  • the head of the expedition, said the animal died at the age of around 60 some 10,000 to 15,000 years ago
  • it was the first time that an old female had been found.
  • what was
  • surprising was that the carcass was so well preserved that it still had blood and muscle tissue.
  • broke the ice beneath her stomach, the blood flowed out from there, it was very dark
  • the muscle tissue is also red, the colour of fresh meat
  • the lower part of the carcass was very well preserved as it ended up in a pool of water that later froze over. The upper part of the body including the back and the head are believed to have been eaten by predators
  • The discovery
  • gives new hope to researchers in their quest to bring the woolly mammoth back to life.
  • gives
  • a really good chance of finding live cells which can help
  • clone a mammoth
  • Previous mammoths have not had such well-preserved tissue
  • Last year,
  • signed a deal with cloning pioneer Hwang Woo-Suk of South Korea's Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, who in 2005 created the world's first cloned dog.
  • mammoth specialists from South Korea, Russia and the United States are expected to study the remains which the Russian scientists are now keeping at an undisclosed northern location
Mars Base

Touchdown! Soyuz Spacecraft Lands Safely with Russian-US Crew | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/fely-with-russian-us-crew.html

scibyte63 Soyuz

shared by Mars Base on 17 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • Soyuz spacecraft carrying two Russian cosmonauts and an American spaceflyer has landed safely back on Earth
  • 16 September 2012
  • Russian cosmonauts Gennady Padalka, Sergei Revin and NASA astronaut Joe Acaba
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • local time was early Monday morning.
  • Soyuz crew was in good health and spirits
  • He and his Russian crewmates signed their Soyuz spacecraft, which is destined for a Russian museum
  • 125-day spaceflight began in mid-May and included three spacewalks and several robotic cargo ship arrivals.
  • . The three spaceflyers were originally slated to blast off in March, but a pressure test incident cracked their first Soyuz capsule, causing a six-week delay while another spacecraft was readied.
  • launched on May 14 and arrived at the $100 billion orbiting lab May 17. Just eight days later, SpaceX's robotic Dragon capsule docked with the station on a historic demonstration mission, becoming the first private vehicle ever to do so.
  • on Sept. 5, crewmates Sunita Williams and Akihiko Hoshide performed an extra spacewalk — the third for the mission — to replace a vital power unit on the station's backbone-like truss. Using improvised tools such as spare parts and a toothbrush
  • a stuck bolt that had delayed the fix a week earlier
  • Expedition 33
  • will have the station to themselves until mid-October, when three more astronauts will float through the hatch and bring the expedition up to its full complement of six crewmembers.
Mars Base

Russia Races to Save Mars Moon Probe from Space Junk Fate | Russia Phobos-Grunt Mars Mo... - 0 views

www.space.com/ars-moon-probe-space-junk.html

Phobos-Grunt scibyte21

shared by Mars Base on 11 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • "I think we have lost the Phobos-Grunt," Vladimir Uvarov, a former space official at the Russian Defense Ministry, told the Russian daily Rossiyskaya Gazeta today (Nov. 10), according to ABC News. "It looks like a serious flaw. The past experience shows that efforts to make the engines work will likely fail."
  • There have been conflicting news reports as to how long the Russians have before the spacecraft's batteries run out, ranging from two days to two weeks
  • The ambitious flight marks Russia's first attempt at an interplanetary mission since 1996.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • Phobos-Grunt is in a safe, so-called parking orbit, and there is little danger of it colliding with other spacecraft or satellites
  • The space station is above that orbit, and the space station is one of the lowest spacecraft in orbit
  • The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is tracking without difficulty both the Phobos-Grunt spacecraft and its associated Zenit 2 second stage
  • This information is also available to Russian experts. NASA hopes that control of the spacecraft can still be achieved and that it can be sent on its proper path to Mars
  • a rough estimate, the lifetime is measured at several weeks to a few months at that altitude, but probably not much more than that
  • even though the spacecraft is still full of fuel. If the probe cannot be saved, Russian flight controllers have the option of venting out the onboard fuel into space.
  • even if it's full of fuel and it re-enters — it will break up in atmospheric re-entry, which does not really pose a hazard.
Mars Base

S.Korean, Russian scientists bid to clone mammoth - 0 views

www.physorg.com/...-scientists-clone-mammoth.html

scibyte38 mammoth

shared by Mars Base on 14 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Russian and South Korean scientists have signed a deal on joint research intended to recreate a woolly mammoth, an animal which last walked the earth some 10,000 years ago.
  • The deal was signed by Vasily Vasiliev, vice rector of North-Eastern Federal University of the Sakha Republic
  • controversial cloning pioneer Hwang Woo-Suk of South Korea's Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, on Tuesday.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • Hwang was a national hero until some of his research into creating human stem cells was found in 2006 to have been faked
  • Snuppy, the world's first cloned dog, in 2005, has been verified by experts
  • Sooam said it would launch research this year if the Russian university can ship the remains. The Beijing Genomics Institute will also take part in the project
  • South Korean foundation said it would transfer technology to the Russian university
  • first and hardest mission is to restore mammoth cells
  • scientists in trying to find well-preserved tissue with an undamaged gene
  • replacing the nuclei of egg cells from an elephant with those taken from the mammoth's somatic cells,
  • embryos with mammoth DNA could be produced and planted into elephant wombs for delivery
  • Sooam will use an Indian elephant for its somatic cell nucleus transfer
  • South Korean experts have previously cloned animals including a cow, a cat, dogs, a pig and a wolf
Mars Base

Outlook Grim for Stranded Russian Mars Moon Probe | Russia Phobos-Grunt Mars Moon Missi... - 0 views

www.space.com/n-mars-moon-probe-outlook.html

scibyte21 Phobos-Grunt

shared by Mars Base on 11 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Attempts to contact the beleaguered Phobos-Grunt spacecraft overnight Thursday (Nov. 10) have failed
  • the spacecraft could fall back to Earth around Dec. 3
  • translated from its original Russian, suggested that if Phobos-Grunt does fall back to Earth, it would likely not fall over Russia
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • spacecraft's orbit carries it between the latitudes of 51.4 degrees north and south of the equator, a region that includes the United States, China, Africa, Japan, Ukraine and parts of southwestern Europe
Mars Base

Russians desperately try to save Mars moon probe (Update) - 0 views

www.physorg.com/...cientists-mars-moon-probe.html

mars scibyte21 Phobos-Grunt

shared by Mars Base on 10 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • A Russian space probe aiming to land on a Mars moon was stuck circling the Earth after equipment failure Wednesday, and scientists raced to fire up its engines before the whole thing came crashing down.
  • successfully launched by a Zenit-2 booster rocket just after midnight Moscow time Wednesday
  • separated from the booster about 11 minutes later and was to fire its engines twice to set out on its path to the Red Planet, but never did
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • probably due to the failure of the craft's orientation system
  • Phobos-Ground was Russia's first interplanetary mission since a botched 1996 robotic mission to Mars, which failed when the probe crashed shortly after the launch due to an engine failure
  • Depending on the actual root of the failure, this is not an impossible challenge
  • the effort to restore control over the probe is hampered by a limited earth-to-space communications network that already forced Russian flight controllers to ask the general public in South America to help find the craft
  • Amateur astronomers were the first to spot the trouble when they detected that the spacecraft was stuck in an Earth orbit
  • About seven tons of nitrogen teroxide and hydrazine, which could freeze before ultimately entering, will make it the most toxic falling satellite ever
  • billed as the heaviest interplanetary probe ever may become one of the heaviest space derelicts to ever fall back to Earth out of control
  • The spacecraft is 13.2 metric tons (14.6 tons), with fuel accounting for a large share of its weight
  • Scientists had hoped that studies of Phobos' surface could help solve the mystery of its origin and shed more light on the genesis of the solar system. Some
Mars Base

Giant Chunk of Russian Meteor Recovered - News Watch - 0 views

newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/...nk-of-russian-meteor-recovered

scibyte106 RussianMeteor

shared by Mars Base on 21 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Russian scientists appear to have pulled up a half-ton charred meteorite from the bottom of a murky Siberian lake
  • a piece of the giant space rock that exploded in the skies above the southern Urals in February.
  • Entering the atmosphere at speeds up to 31,000 miles per hour (50,000 kilometers per hour), the Russian meteor, officially named 2011 EO40, exploded about 25 miles (40 kilometers) above the city of Chelyabinsk
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • The power of the explosion was estimated to be at least 20 times stronger than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945
  • The resulting air blast damaged buildings and injured some 1,600 people.
  • piece of meteor recovered this week weighs at least 1,257 pounds (570 kilograms).
  • , it is only a fragment of the original impactor that is estimated to have been about 17 meters (54 feet) across, with a mass of about 10,000 metric tons before it shattered
  • locals directed scientists to Lake Chebarkul—45 miles west of the city of Chelyabinsk—to a 25-foot (8-meter) hole punctured in the ice by the meteor
Mars Base

Russia May Land Probe on Jupiter's Moon Ganymede with Europe's JUICE Mission | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/sia-europe-jupiter-probes.html

scibyte99

shared by Mars Base on 20 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • A Russian probe being designed to land on Ganymede, Jupiter's largest moon, could launch toward the gas giant with a European spacecraft being developed to explore Jupiter's icy ocean-covered satellites, according to European space officials.
  • more Earthly concerns, such as government finances and the realities of technical developments, could thwart the proposal
  • JUICE is scheduled to launch in 2022 and arrive at Jupiter in 2030, entering orbit around the huge planet and making repeated flybys of three of its largest moons — Ganymede, Callisto and Europa
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • In September 2032, the European spacecraft will arrive at Ganymede, becoming the first probe to enter orbit around the moon of another planet
  • Equipped with radar, a mapping camera and other instruments, JUICE will measure the thickness of global ice sheets covering Jupiter's moons and produce terrain and mineral maps of Ganymede
  • Russia's plan is to implement a Ganymede Lander
  • Russian mission planners initially proposed the lander to target Europa, another of Jupiter's moons with a frozen crust thinner than the ice cap covering Ganymede
  • After a NASA mission to orbit Europa never materialized, Russia retooled the project to focus on Ganymede, falling in line with the goals of Europe's Jupiter mission
  • advantages of landing on Ganymede as opposed to Europa
  • The radiation environment at Ganymede is less severe than at Europa, which lies closer to Jupiter
  • this is one of the reasons ESA picked Ganymede as the destination for JUICE
  • Russian scientists say mapping and reconnaissance of Ganymede are required before any attempted landing
  • If Russia becomes a full partner in Europe's JUICE mission, the development of the lander will need to be accelerated to launch in 2022, if managers want the Russian craft to ride to Jupiter as a piggyback payload.
Mars Base

Search for element 113 concluded at last - 0 views

phys.org/...2012-09-element.html

scibyte65 elements

shared by Mars Base on 27 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • do not occur in nature and must be produced through experiments involving nuclear reactors or particle accelerators
  • via processes of nuclear fusion or neutron absorption
  • Elements 93 to 103 were discovered by the Americans, elements 104 to 106 by the Russians and the Americans, elements 107 to 112 by the Germans, and the two most recently named elements, 114 and 116, by cooperative work of the Russians and Americans.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • On August 12, those experiments bore fruit: zinc ions travelling at 10% the speed of light collided with a thin bismuth layer to produce a very heavy ion followed by a chain of six consecutive alpha decays identified as products of an isotope of the 113th element
Mars Base

Russia finds 'new bacteria' in Antarctic lake - 0 views

phys.org/...a-bacteria-antarctic-lake.html

scibyte85 SubglacialLake

shared by Mars Base on 08 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Russian scientists believe they have found a wholly new type of bacteria in the mysterious subglacial Lake Vostok in Antarctica
  • The samples obtained from the underground lake in May 2012 contained a bacteria which bore no resemblance to existing type
  • "After putting aside all possible elements of contamination, DNA was found that did not coincide with any of the well-known types in the global database,"
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • discovery comes from samples collected in an expedition in 2012 where a Russian team drilled down to the surface of Lake Vosto
  • believed to have been covered by ice for more than a million years but has kept its liquid state.
  • Lake Vostok is the largest subglacial lake in Antarctica
  • The Russian team last year drilled almost four kilometres (2.34 miles) to reach the lake and take the samples.
  • t the interest surrounded one particular form of bacteria whose DNA was less than 86 percent similar to previously existing forms.
  • "In terms of work with DNA this is basically zero. A level of 90 percent usually means that the organism is unknown."
  • not even possible to find the genetic descendants of the bacteria.
  • "If this had been found on Mars everyone would have undoubtedly said there is life on Mars. But this is bacteria from Earth."
  • new samples of water would be taken from Lake Vostok during a new expedition in May.
  • "If we manage to find the same group of organisms in this water we can say for sure that we have found new life on Earth that exists in no database,"
  • Exploring environments such as Lake Vostok allows scientists to discover what life forms can exist in the most extreme conditions
  • whether life could exist on some other bodies in the solar system.
  • Saturn's moon Enceladus and the Jupiter moon Europa as they are believed to have oceans, or large lakes, beneath their icy shells.
Mars Base

Airburst Explained: NASA Addresses the Russian Meteor Explosion - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...s-the-russian-meteor-explosion

scibyte82 RussianMeteor

shared by Mars Base on 16 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • traveled through the atmosphere for about 30 seconds before breaking apart and producing violent airburst ‘explosion’ about 20-14 km (12-15 miles) above Earth’s surface
  • producing an energy shockwave equivalent to a 300 kilotons explosion
  • The Russian meteor is the largest reported since 1908, when a meteor hit Tunguska, Siberia
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Tunguska event was caused by an object about the size of 2012 DA14
  • The meteor, which was about one-third the diameter of asteroid 2012 DA14, became brighter than the Sun
  • Its trail was visible for about 30 seconds, so it was a grazing impact through the atmosphere
Mars Base

Russian Meteor Not Related to Asteroid Flyby, NASA Confirms - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...o-asteroid-flyby-nasa-confirms

scibyte82 RussianMeteor NearEarthObject

shared by Mars Base on 16 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • February 15, 2013
  • The meteor that streaked over the skies of Russia
  • not related to the asteroid that
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • whiz past Earth later today, (Feb.15
  • the trajectory of the Russian meteorite was significantly different than the trajectory of the asteroid 2012 DA14, making it a completely unrelated object
Mars Base

Soyuz Spacecraft Docks at Space Station with New US-Russian Crew | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/space-station-docking-day.html

scibyte69 iss

shared by Mars Base on 26 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • 25 October 2012
  • Soyuz TMA-06M spacecraft docked at the space station's rooftop Poisk module at 8:29 a.m. EDT (1229 GMT)
  • two-day orbital chase
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • American astronaut Kevin Ford of NASA
  • Russian cosmonauts Oleg Novitskiy
  • Evgeny Tarelkin
  • stay until March
  • launched into space on Tuesday (Oct. 23
  • second half of the space station's six-person Expedition 33 crew
  • bringing some fishy friends to the space station
  • ferrying 32 small medaka fish to the space station so they can be placed inside a tank, called the Aquatic Habitat, for an experiment to study how fish adapt to weightlessness.
  • robotic Dragon space capsule
  • depart the space station on Sunday (Oct. 28)
  • will return nearly 2,000 pounds (907 kilograms) of science experiment hardware and other gear back to Earth.
  • Wednesday (Oct. 31), an unmanned Russian Progress spacecraft will launch toward the space station and arrive six hours later to make a Halloween delivery of food, equipment and other Halloween treats.
Mars Base

Half-Ton Fragment Of Russian Meteorite Recovered From Lake | Popular Science - 0 views

www.popsci.com/...ssian-meteorite-recovered-lake

scibyte106 RussianMeteor

shared by Mars Base on 20 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • The fragment was so large it:
  • 1) broke into three pieces during removal
  • 2) broke the scale scientists used to weigh it, once the scale reached the 570-kilogram mark.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • . It's
  • d off to a local natural history museum, so perhaps it'll go on display soon.
  • The dive seems to be part of an ongoing effort to pull meteorite pieces out of the lake for study
  • Divers previously recovered 12 rocks from the lake, but scientists confirmed only five of those were actually meteorite fragments
Mars Base

Surreal Images of Soyuz Landing in the Dark - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...s-of-soyuz-landing-in-the-dark

scibyte72 iss

shared by Mars Base on 19 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • problem with the Soyuz’ parachute – it deployed about 5 seconds later than planned – caused the crew to land several miles away from the planned landing site, but a Russian recovery team and NASA personnel reached the landing site by helicopter shortly afterward to assist the crew in getting out of the spacecraft, which landed on its side
  • 127 days in space
  • 125 days spent aboard the International Space Station
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Expedition 34 flight engineers — NASA astronaut Tom Marshburn, Canadian Space Agency astronaut Chris Hadfield, and Russian Federal Space Agency cosmonaut Roman Romanenko — are scheduled to launch from Baikonur Dec. 19
  • for a five-month stay
  • Hadfield will become the first Canadian to command the station when Ford, Novitskiy and Tarelkin depart in March, marking the start of Expedition 35.
  • no actual footage of the Soyuz touching down, since it was dark and the spacecraft landed well away from the planned landing spot.
Mars Base

Soyuz Makes Record-Breaking 'Fast Track' to Space Station - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...ng-fast-track-to-space-station

scibyte88 iss

shared by Mars Base on 29 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • The new abbreviated four-orbit rendezvous with the ISS uses a modified launch and docking profile for the Russian ships
  • It has been tried successfully with three Progress resupply vehicles, but this is the first time it has been used on a human flight.
  • In the past, Soyuz manned capsules and Progress supply ships were launched on trajectories that required about two days, or 34 orbits, to reach the ISS.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • The new fast-track trajectory has the rocket launching shortly after the ISS passes overhead
  • Then, additional firings of the vehicle’s thrusters early in its mission expedites the time required for a Russian vehicle to reach the Station
Mars Base

Wooly mammoth blood recovered from frozen carcass, Russian scientists say | Fox News - 0 views

www.foxnews.com/...carcass-russian-scientists-say

scibyte96

shared by Mars Base on 30 May 13 - No Cached
  • the temperature at the time of excavation was -7 to – 10 degrees Celsius [19.4 to 14 degrees Fahrenheit
  • It may be assumed that the blood of mammoths had some cryoprotective properties
  • The reason for such preservation is that the lower part of the body was underlying in pure ice, and the upper part was found in the middle of tundra
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Wooly mammoths are thought to have died out around 10,000 years ago
  • scientists think small groups of them lived longer in Alaska and on Russia's Wrangel Island off the Siberian coast.
  • Scientists already have deciphered much of the genetic code of the woolly mammoth from balls of mammoth hair found frozen in the Siberian permafrost
  • Those who succeed in recreating an extinct animal could claim a "Jurassic Park prize
  • the concept of which is being developed by the X Prize Foundation
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