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Mars Base

Jupiter Photos Reveal Big Changes on Giant Planet | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/teroid-strikes-atmosphere.html

scibyte68 jupiter

shared by Mars Base on 18 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • Mars Base on 18 Oct 12
     
    Voyager 1 took photos of Jupiter and two of its satellites (Io, left, and Europa). The new study says that moons orbiting a gas giant planet greater than 8 Jupiter masses could help astronomers detect a rogue planet. Photos: Jupiter, the Solar System's Largest Planet This graphic of Jupiter by UK astronomer Pete Lawrence shows the location of the Jupiter impact region from Sept. 12, 2012, as seen through an inverting astronomical telescope. Jupiter Impact of Sept. 10, 2012 (Photos) Jupiter: Giant, Windy Gas-Ball Protecting The Inner Solar System Jupiter: Giant, Windy Gas-Ball Protecting The Inner Solar System | Video Jupiter Photos Reveal Big Changes on Giant Planet by SPACE.com Staff Date: 17 October 2012 Time: 04:58 PM ET inShare1
Mars Base

Photos of rare Amur tiger give hope to NE China's tiger recovery efforts - 0 views

phys.org/...photos-rare-amur-tiger-ne.html

scibyte52 CameraTrap

shared by Mars Base on 19 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Photos of a rare Amur tiger, caught on film for the first time in Wangqing Nature Reserve in northeast China’s Changbai mountains, are giving hope to tiger recovery efforts in the region.
  • captured two photos of the tiger in April
  • provide evidence of the extension of the Amur tiger’s range
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • footprints of the Amur tiger have been discovered many times in Wangqing since 2008, this is the first time that a camera trap set up in the reserve has captured photos of the rare species
  • Experts will try to identify the individual tiger photographed by comparing it with photos of Amur tigers taken previously in Hunchun.
  • Amur tigers were once widespread in northeast China
  • Estimates put the current wild Amur tiger population in Northeast China
  • between 18-24 individuals
  • The adjacent forested habitat of the Russian Far East holds more, between 430-500 tigers.
Mars Base

Runaway Planets Tossed From Galaxy at Fraction of Speed of Light | Space.com - 1 views

www.space.com/speed-planets-light-speed.html

scibyte40 exoplanet

shared by Mars Base on 24 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Planets in tight orbits around stars that get ejected from our galaxy may actually themselves be tossed out of the Milky Way at blisteringly fast speeds of up to 30 million miles per hour, or a fraction of the speed of light, a new study finds.
  • would be some of the fastest objects in the galaxy, aside from photons
  • In terms of large, solid objects, they would be the fastest. It would take them 10 seconds or so to cross the diameter of the Earth
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • In 2005, astronomers found evidence of a runaway star that was flying out of the Milky Way galaxy at a speed of 1.5 million mph (2.4 million kph).
  • part of a double-star system that wandered too close to the supermassive black hole
  • In the seven years since, 16 of these hypervelocity stars have been found
  • typical runaway planet would likely dash outward at 7 to 10 million mph (11.3 to 16.1 million kph), but given the right circumstances, a small fraction could have their speeds boosted to up to 30 million mph (48.3 million kph).
  • hypervelocity planets will escape the Milky Way and travel through interstellar space
  • a civilization on such a planet, they would have a very exciting journe
  • Once the planet exits from the local group of galaxies, it will be accelerated away by cosmic expansion. So, within 10 billion years, it would go from the center of the galaxy to all the way to the edge of the observable universe
  • planet that tightly orbits a runaway star will cross in front and cause its brightness to dim slightly in what astronomers call a "transit
  • To hitch a ride on a hypervelocity star, a planet would have to be locked in a tight orbit, which ups the odds of witnessing a transit to around 50 percent
  • first time someone is talking about searching for planets around hypervelocity stars
Mars Base

Full Titanic site mapped for 1st time - 0 views

www.physorg.com/...-03-full-titanic-site-1st.html

scibyte37 Titantic

shared by Mars Base on 09 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • April 10, 1912 file photo, the Luxury liner Titanic departs Southampton, England
  • Researchers have pieced together what's believed to be the first comprehensive map of the entire 3-by-5-mile Titanic debris field
  • Marks on the muddy ocean bottom suggest, for instance, that the stern rotated like a helicopter blade as the ship sank, rather than plunging straight down
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • sonar imaging and more than 100,000 photos taken from underwater robots to create the map
  • Explorers of the Titanic
  • have known for more than 25 years where the bow and stern landed
  • previous maps of the floor around the wreckage were incomplete
  • mapping took place in the summer of 2010 during an expedition to the Titanic led by RMS Titanic Inc., the legal custodian of the wreck
  • joined by other groups, as well as the cable History channel
  • Details on the new findings
  • are not being revealed yet
  • the network will air them in a two-hour documentary on April 15, exactly 100 years after the Titanic sank
  • high-resolution photos - 130,000 of them in all
  • self-controlled robots known
  • along the ocean bottom day and night
  • moving at a little more than 3 miles per hour as they traversed back and forth in a grid along the bottom
  • photos were stitched together on a computer to provide a detailed photo mosaic of the debris
  • layout of the wreck site and where the pieces landed provide new clues on exactly what happened
  • Computer simulations will re-enact the sinking in reverse, bringing the wreckage debris back to the surface and reassembled
Mars Base

Photos of Asteroid Vesta Reveal Bright Surprises | Dawn Spacecraft | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/-vesta-surprising-surface.html

scibyte39 Vesta MarMedia

shared by Mars Base on 21 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • amazing new photos
  • reveal strange features never-before-seen on an asteroid
  • Dawn spacecraft highlight odd, shiny spots that are nearly twice as bright as other parts of the asteroid
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • suggesting it is original material left over from the space rock's birth 4 billion years ago
  • Vesta is one of the largest and brightest objects in the main asteroid belt
  • bright material originates from Vesta and has undergone little change since the formation of Vesta over 4 billion years ago
  • photos show surprisingly bright spots all over Vesta
  • bright areas range from large spots (around several hundred feet across) to simply huge, with some stretching across 10 miles (16 kilometers) of terrain
  • [Video: Vesta — Asteroid or Dwarf Planet?]
  • Astronomers have known about variations in Vesta's brightness for some time
  • Photos taken by the Hubble Space Telescope before Dawn arrived at the asteroid also revealed the bright patches.
  • scientists suspect the bright patches on Vesta were exposed during violent collisions with other space rocks
Mars Base

Strange Mystery Spheres on Mars Baffle Scientists | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/range-photo-martian-rocks.html

scibyte63 opportunity

shared by Mars Base on 15 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • A strange picture of odd, spherical rock formations on Mars from NASA's Opportunity rover has scientists scratching their heads over what exactly they're looking at.
  • Mars photo by Opportunity shows a close-up of a rock outcrop
  • covered in blister-like bumps that mission scientists can't yet explain
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • At first
  • the formations appear similar to so-called Martian "blueberries" — iron-rich spherical formations first seen by Opportunity in 2004 — but they actually differ in several key ways, scientist said
  • This is one of the most extraordinary pictures from the whole mission
  • Kirkwood is chock full of a dense accumulation of these small spherical objects. Of course, we immediately thought of the blueberries, but this is something different
  • never have seen such a dense accumulation of spherules in a rock outcrop on Mars."
  • The new photo by Opportunity is actually a mosaic of four images taken by a microscope-like imager on its robotic arm
  • Opportunity is currently exploring a location known as Cape York along the western rim of a giant Martian crater called Endeavour
  • Despite its advanced age, Opportunity is still pumping out new discoveries after more than eight years on Mars.
  • first spotted Martian blueberries soon after its landing in 2004
  • blueberries are actually concretions created by minerals in water that settled into sedimentary rock.
  • Opportunity has seen Martian blueberries at many of its science site
  • bumpy, spherical formations on the Kirkwood rock represent something new
  • . In Opportunity's new photo, many of the strange features are broken, revealing odd concentric circles inside
  • seem to be crunchy on the outside, and softer in the middle
  • different in concentration. They are different in structure. They are different in composition. They are different in distribution
  • science team have several theories, but none that truly stand out as the best explanation
  • Kirkwood outcrop is just one science pit stop at Cape York for Opportunity. Mission scientists have already picked out another interesting rock outcrop nearby, a pale patch that may contain tantalizing clay minerals, for possibly study after Opportunity completes its current analysis.
  • spring equinox is approaching on Mars, ensuring increasing levels of sunshine for Opportunity's solar arrays
  • "Energy production levels are comparable to what they were a full Martian year ago
Mars Base

NASA Moon Probes' Impact Craters Spotted from Space | Grail Mission | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/-grail-moon-probes-graves.html

scibyte87 Grail

shared by Mars Base on 20 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) snapped a series of photographs of the two 16.5-foot-wide (5 meters) craters, which mark where the space agency's twin Grail probes ended their gravity-mapping mission, and their operational lives, on Dec. 17.
  • It's a bit of a surprise that the LROC team was able to find the craters at all
  • the craters are small, nondescript features on a body riddled with impact scars
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • The two Grail spacecraft — known as Ebb and Flow — slammed into a mountain near the lunar north pole at 3,771 mph (6,070 km/h), striking the surface about 20 seconds apart.
  • The Grail craters first showed up in LROC photos from January, but images taken on Feb. 28 show them in much greater detail
  • used these later photos to produce a topographic map of the impact zone
  • This map revealed that the two craters are separated by about 7,250 feet (2,210 m) in straight-line distance and 985 feet (300 m) in altitude
  • the crashes ejected material that appears darker than the surrounding lunar dirt.
  • these may be dark due to spacecraft material being mixed with the ejecta
  • may be residual fuel left in the probes' lines, or bits of their carbon-fiber bodies
  • LRO didn't get any images of the actual crashes, which occurred in the dark.
  • ultraviolet imaging spectrograph did see emissions from mercury and atomic hydrogen in the ejected plumes when they rose high enough to reach sunlight
  • The analysis of the Grail impact plumes is ongoing
  • The probes' measurements have allowed scientists to create the best-ever gravity map of any celestial body
  • And that map is getting better all the time, as researchers continue to analyze the data
  • The twin probes, which were each about the size of a washing machine, zipped around the moon at an average altitude of just 7 miles (11 km) in their final days
Mars Base

UIUC team will show can't-tell photo inserts at Siggraph (w/ video) - 0 views

www.physorg.com/...m-cant-tell-photo-inserts.html

scibyte25

shared by Mars Base on 09 Dec 11 - No Cached
  • Humans can quickly detect photo fraud, maintains Karsch. They can do so in spotting lighting inconsistencies in a doctored photograph
  • In their computer program, a user is asked to select light sources in the picture.
  • An algorithm recreates the 3-D geometry and lighting of the scene and the artificial object is inserted into its new environment
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • The program adds shadows and highlights to the object before converting it back to 2-D.
  • The team set out to extract the 3-D scene information from single images, to allow for seamless object insertion, removal, and relocation
  • involves three phases
  • luminaire inference, perspective estimation (depth, occlusion, camera parameters), and texture replacement
Mars Base

Discovery of historical photos sheds light on Greenland ice loss - 0 views

phys.org/...wledge-glaciers-greenland.html

scibyte49 GlobalWarming

shared by Mars Base on 30 May 12 - No Cached
  • Researchers at the National Survey and Cadastre of Denmark
  • had been storing the glass plates since explorer Knud Rasmussen's expedition to the southeast coast of Greenland in the early 1930s.
  • Ohio State University researchers and colleagues in Denmark describe how they analyzed ice loss in the region by comparing the images on the plates to aerial photographs and satellite images taken from World War II to today.
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • imagery shows that glaciers in the region were melting even faster in the 1930s than they are today
  • A brief cooling period starting in the mid-20th century allowed new ice to form, and then the melting began to accelerate again in the 2000s.
  • we now have a detailed historical analogue for more recent glacier loss
  • confirmed that glaciers are very sensitive indicators of climate."
  • cleaning up in the basement and had found some old glass plates with glaciers on them
  • The reason the plates were forgotten was that they were recorded for mapping, and once the map was produced they didn't have much value."
  • They contained aerial photographs of land, sea and glaciers in the southeast region of the country, along with travel photos of Rasmussen's team.
  • researchers digitized all the old images and used software to look for differences in the shape of the southeast Greenland coastline where the ice meets the Atlantic Ocean
  • calculated the distance the ice front moved in each time period.
  • Over the 80 years, two events stand out: glacial retreats from 1933-1934 and 2000-2010
  • 1930s, fewer glaciers were melting than are today, and most of those that were melting were land-terminating glaciers, meaning that they did not contact the sea.
  • were melting retreated an average of 20 meters per year - the fastest retreating at 374 meters per year
  • Fifty-five percent of the glaciers in the study had similar or higher retreat rates during the 1930s than they do today.
  • more glaciers in southeast Greenland are retreating today, and the average ice loss is 50 meters per year. That's because a few glaciers with very fast melting rates - including one retreating at 887 meters per year - boost the overall average.
  • From 1943-1972, southeast Greenland cooled - probably due to sulfur pollution, which reflects sunlight away from the earth.
  • Sulfur dioxide is a poisonous gas produced by volcanoes and industrial processes. It has been tied to serious health problems and death, and is also the main ingredient in acid rain.
  • deadly pollution caused the climate to cool, but rather that the brief cooling allowed researchers to see how Greenland ice responded to the changing climate.
  • glaciers responded to the cooling more rapidly than researchers had seen in earlier studies
  • Sixty percent of the glaciers advanced during that time, while 12 percent were stationary
  • now that the warming has resumed, the glacial retreat is dominated by marine-terminating outlet glaciers, the melting of which contributes to sea level rise.
  • we see that the mid-century cooling stabilized the glaciers," Box said. "That suggests that if we want to stabilize today's accelerating ice loss, we need to see a little cooling of our own."
Mars Base

Easter Island statues have full bodies and contain ancient petroglyphs | The Sideshow -... - 0 views

news.yahoo.com/...ent-petroglyphs-235631403.html

scibyte47 EasterIsland

shared by Mars Base on 16 May 12 - No Cached
  • Explorers have long known there was more to the 887 statues on Easter Island—some 2,000 miles west of Chile—than just the statue heads made famous in photographs.
  • most people think of the renowned monolithic statues, they think of the heads only
  • October 2011, the Easter Island Statue Project began its Season V expedition, revealing remarkable photos showing that the bodies of the statues go far deeper underground than just about anyone had imagined.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • Slideshow of the Easter Island excavation photos]
  • technically full-bodied statues have been known to exist on Easter Island for hundreds of years, some of the new petroglyph writings on the recently excavated statues appear fairly unique
  • many statues have individual petroglyphs
  • these and only one other statue—of over 1,000 we have documented—have  multiple petroglyphs carved as a composition on their backs
  • the excavation sites offer some new "strong evidence" of how the Rapa Nui ancestors managed to manipulate the heavy statues into place with limited technological resources
  • wrote that her team has found tuna vertebrae near the bottom of a recent excavation
Mars Base

Chang'e 3 Lander Beams Back New Lunar Panorama Photos - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...back-new-lunar-panorama-photos

scibyte117 ChineseSpaceProgram

shared by Mars Base on 19 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • the lander beamed back a series of new photos taken with its panoramic camera
  • Stitched together, they give us a more detailed and colorful look of the rover’s surroundings in northern Mare Imbrium
  • The final mosaic unfortunately doesn’t have the resolution yet of the other images. Perhaps one will be published soon
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • One thing that stands out
  • is the brown color of the lunar surface soil or regolith
  • Color images of the moon’s surface by the Apollo astronauts along with  their verbal descriptions indicate a uniform gray color punctuated in rare spots by patches of more colorful soils
  • Apollo visited six different moonscapes – all essentially gray
  • wonder if the color balance in the Chinese images might be off. Or did Chang’e 3 just happen to land on browner soils
Mars Base

Curiosity Rover Snaps Best Mars Solar Eclipse Photos Ever | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/se-curiosity-rover-photos.html

G+ Curiosity scibyte101

shared by Mars Base on 07 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Phobos does not completely cover the sun as seen from the Red Planet's surface, so the Aug. 17 event was an annular or "ring of fire" eclipse
  • Phobos is just 14 miles (22 kilometers) wide on average
  • Phobos appears
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • relatively big
  • because the moon orbits so close to Mars
  • just 3,700 miles (6,000 kilometers
  • Phobos takes eight hours to complete one lap around Mars
  • Observations of Phobos and Deimos by Curiosity and
  • Opportunity should help researchers refine their knowledge of the two moons' orbits
Mars Base

Mars Rover Opportunity Exploring Possibly Habitable Ancient Environment | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/ortunity-endeavour-crater.html

scibyte74 opportunity

shared by Mars Base on 05 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • Opportunity rover,
  • is currenlty studying clay deposits on the rim of the Red Planet's Endeavour Crater.
  • clays imply that the area was exposed to relatively neutral — as opposed to harshly acidic or basic — water long ago,
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • clearly show us a chemistry that would've been suitable for life at the Opportunity site
  • Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft spotted them from orbit, leading the rover team to point the golf-cart-size robot toward its current location, which is known as Matijevic Hill.
  • From orbit, we have seen the unambiguous infrared spectral signature of clays along the rim of Endeavour Crater
  • Opportunity has already circumnavigated Matijevic Hill
  • ikely stay at Matijevic Hill for a while, trying to understand how the clays were laid down billions of years ago
  • Opportunity is still going strong. It has some age-related issues, such as an arthritic arm, but the rover remains in good health
  • Part of the work will involve investigating mysterious tiny spherules Opportunity has discovered embedded in the clay matrix
  • initially thought the BB-size gray spheres were similar to the iron-rich "blueberries"
  • initial analyses have shown that's not the case, leading Squyres to dub them "newberries."
  • The team isn't sure exactly what the newberries are, or how they formed
Mars Base

Space Telescope Crowdfunding Project Raises $167,000 | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/e-telescope-raises-167000.html

scibyte96 CrowdSourcing

shared by Mars Base on 30 May 13 - No Cached
  • A commercial asteroid-mining company aiming to launch a crowdfunded space telescope raised more than $200,000 on the first day of its campaign
  • Planetary Resources, a private venture aiming to mine near-Earth space rocks
  • announced
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • May 29) that it would build and launch a space telescope for public use if it could raise at least $1 million in 33 days.
  • The telescope will be a twin copy of the Arkyd spacecraft the company is developing to detect, track and study asteroids in preparation for its mining mission
  • A test version of the spacecraft is set for its maiden trial flight in April 2014, while the crowdfunded model would launch in early 2015
  • public backers would use it to study celestial objects of their choice
  • also have the option of sponsoring research projects at schools, universities or museums that could use the instrument.
  • The telescope will also take
  • self portraits that show the telescope in orbit, with a user-submitted photo displayed on the instrument's screen
  • A camera mounted on the hull of the spacecraft will snap the photo.
  • Already more than 200 backers have ordered selfies for $25 and above.
  • But if the crowdfunding campaign fails to reach its $1 million goal by June 30, the company will receive none of the money it has raised
Mars Base

Never-Before-Seen Alien Planet Imaged Directly in New Photo | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/alien-planet-direct-image.html

scibyte96 exoplanet

shared by Mars Base on 03 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • A newly discovered gaseous planet has been directly photographed orbiting a star about 300 light-years from Earth
  • this world may be the least massive planet directly observed outside of the solar system,
  • released by the European Southern Observatory (ESO)
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • June 3) depicts the suspected gas giant (called HD 95086 b) circling its young star (named HD 95086) in infrared light
  • HD 95086 b was sighted by ESO's Very Large Telescope in Chile. Based on the planet's brightness, scientists estimate that it is only about four or five times more massive than Jupiter
  • Only a few planets have been directly observed so far
  • The blue circle in the photo represents the distance between the sun and Neptune.
  • The planet orbits its star at about twice the distance from the sun to Neptune and about 56 times the distance between Earth and the sun
  • is relatively young star at only 10 million to 17 million years old, making the formation of the exoplanet and the dusty disc surrounding the star potentially intriguing to researchers
  • It either grew by assembling the rocks that form the solid core and then slowly accumulated gas from the environment to form the heavy atmosphere
  • started forming from a gaseous clump that arose from gravitational instabilities in the disc
  • Interactions between the planet and the disc itself or with other planets may have also moved the planet from where it was born
Mars Base

Concentrator solar cell with world's highest conversion efficiency of 44.4% - 0 views

phys.org/...-world-highest-conversion.html

scibyte98 scibyte99 SolarPower

shared by Mars Base on 16 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Sharp Corporation has achieved the world's highest solar cell conversion efficiency of 44.4%, using a concentrator triple-junction compound solar cell
  • Measurement of the value—which sets a record for the world's highest concentrating conversion efficiency—was confirmed
  • Compound solar cells typically offer high conversion efficiency while utilizing photo-absorption layers made from compounds of multiple elements, such as indium and gallium
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • triple-junction compound solar cells use a proprietary technology that enables the efficient conversion of sunlight into electricity by means of a stack of three photo-absorption layers
  • o achieve a concentrating conversion efficiency of 44.4%, Sharp worked to widen the effective concentrator cell surface and ensure uniformity of width at the interface of the connecting concentrator cell and electrodes.
  • Because of their high conversion efficiency, compound solar cells have thus far been used primarily on space satellites
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