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Mars Base

Meteor strike in Russia hurts almost 1,000 (w/ Video) - 0 views

phys.org/...ower-panic-central-russia.html

scibyte82 RussianMeteor

shared by Mars Base on 16 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • The fall of such a large meteor estimated as weighing dozens of tonnes was extremely rare
  • 950 people were injured, with two-thirds of the injuries light wounds from glass shards and other materials blown out by the shockwave
  • the ministry saying almost 300 buildings were damaged including schools, hospitals, a zinc factory and even an ice hockey stadium
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • At 9:20 am (0320 GMT), an object was observed above Chelyabinsk which flew by at great speed and left a trail behind. Within two minutes there were two bangs," regional emergencies official Yuri Burenko
  • office of the local governor said that a meteorite had fallen into a lake outside the town of Chebarkul in the Chelyabinsk region and television images pointed to a six-metre (20-foot) hole in the frozen lake's ice
  • it has yet to be finally confirmed if meteorite fragments made contact with the Earth and there were no reports that any locals had been hurt directly by a falling piece of meteorite
  • the shock wave blew out windows amid temperatures as low as minus 18 degrees Celsius (zero degrees Fahrenheit
  • Russian Academy of Sciences
  • estimated the body to be several metres long and weighing several dozen tonnes
  • The meteor explosion appears to be one of the most stunning cosmic events above Russia since the 1908 Tunguska Event
  • With the meteor quickly a leading trend on Twitter
  • locals posted amateur footage on YouTube showing men swearing in surprise and fright, and others grinding their cars to a halt
  • virtually impossible" to spot objects such as the meteor that struck Russia, which he called a "tiny asteroid", ahead of time against a daytime sky
  • The Chelyabinsk region is Russia's industrial heartland
  • huge facilities that include a nuclear power plant and the massive Mayak atomic waste storage and treatment centre
  • radiation levels in the region also did not change and that 20,000 rescue workers had been dispatched to help the injured and locate those requiring help
Mars Base

Astronomers Calculate Orbit and Origins of Russian Fireball - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...nd-origins-of-russian-fireball

scibyte83 RussianMeteor

shared by Mars Base on 26 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Just a week after a huge fireball streaked across the skies of the Chelyabinsk region of Russia, astronomers published a paper that reconstructs the orbit and determines the origins of the space rock
  • University of Antioquia in
  • Colombia used a resource not always available in meteorite falls: the numerous dashboard and security cameras that captured the huge fireball
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • Using the trajectories shown in videos posted on YouTube, the researchers were able to calculate the trajectory of the meteorite as it fell to Earth and use it to reconstruct the orbit in space of the meteoroid before its violent encounter with our planet.
  • The results are preliminary
  • and they are already working on getting more precise results
  • But through their calculations, Zuluaga and Ferrin determined the rock originated from the Apollo class of asteroids
  • due to variations in time and date stamps on several of the videos
  • some which differed by several minutes
  • they decided to choose two videos from different locations that seemed to be the most reliable
  • used this data and Google Earth to reconstruct the path of the rock as it entered the atmosphere and showed that it matched an image of the trajectory taken by the geostationary Meteosat-9 weather satellite.
  • From triangulation, they were able to determine height, speed and position of the meteorite as it fell to Earth
Mars Base

Dawn Finds Asteroid Vesta is Rich in Hydrogen - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...roid-vesta-is-rich-in-hydrogen

scibyte64 dawn

shared by Mars Base on 21 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • The giant asteroid Vesta appears to have
  • hydrogen
  • Dawn spacecraft reveals hydrated minerals in a wide area around Vesta’s equator
  • ...17 more annotations...
  • Dawn did not find actual water ice, there are signs of hydrated minerals such as hydroxyl
  • source of the hydrogen within Vesta’s surface appears to be hydrated minerals delivered by carbon-rich space rocks that collided with Vesta at speeds slow enough to preserve their volatile content
  • pitted terrain – looking much like potholes – mark where the volatiles, perhaps both hydroxyl and water, released from hydrated minerals boiled off
  • Hydroxyl has recently been found on the Moon in permanently shadowed craters at the lunar poles
  • scientists thought there might be a chance that water ice may have
  • around the giant asteroid’s poles
  • unlike Earth’s Moon, however, Vesta has no permanently shadowed polar regions
  • strongest signature for hydrogen actually came from regions near the equator. And there, water ice is not stable
  • The holes that were left as the water escaped stretch as much as 0.6 miles (1 kilometer) across and go down as deep as 700 feet (200 meters
  • collisions converted the hydrogen bound to the minerals into water, which evaporated
  • The pits look just like features seen on Mars, but while water was common on Mars, it was totally unexpected on Vesta in these high abundances
  • ults provide evidence that not only were hydrated materials present, but they played an important role in shaping the asteroid’s geology and the surface we see today
  • the first direct measurements describing the elemental composition of Vesta’s surface
  • elemental investigation by the instrument determined the ratios of iron to oxygen and iron to silicon in the surface materials
  • new findings solidly confirm the connection between Vesta and a class of meteorites found on Earth called the Howardite, Eucrite and Diogenite meteorites
  • have the same ratios for these elements
  • n, more volatile-rich fragments of other objects have been identified in these meteor
Mars Base

June 30 - Today in Science History - Scientists born on June 30th, died, and events - 0 views

todayinsci.com/6_30.htm

scibyte134 LookingBackJun

shared by Mars Base on 21 Jun 14 - No Cached
  • Tunguska meteorite
  • In 1908, at around 7:15 am, northwest of Lake Baikal, Russia, a huge fireball nearly as bright as the Sun was seen crossing the sky. Minutes later, there was a huge flash and a shock wave felt up to 650 km (400 mi) away. Over Tunguska, a meteorite over 50-m diameter, travelling at over 25 km per second (60,000 mph) penetrated Earth's atmosphere, heated to about 10,000 ºC and detonated 6 to10 km above the ground. The blast released the energy of 10-50 Megatons of TNT, destroying 2,200 sq km of forest leaving no trace of life. The Tunguska rock came out of the Taurid Meteor storm that crosses Earth's orbit twice a year. The first scientific expedition for which records survive was made by Russian mineralogist Leonid Kulik in 1927
Mars Base

Mars Science Laboratory: Remaining Martian Atmosphere Still Dynamic - 0 views

mars.jpl.nasa.gov/...index.cfm

scibyte89 Curiosity

shared by Mars Base on 09 Apr 13 - No Cached
  • Evidence has strengthened this month that Mars lost much of its original atmosphere by a process of gas escaping from the top of the atmosphere
  • Curiosity's Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument analyzed an atmosphere sample
  • using a process that concentrates selected gases
  • ...17 more annotations...
  • The results provided the most precise measurements ever made of isotopes of argon in the Martian atmosphere
  • found
  • the clearest and most robust signature of atmospheric loss on Mars
  • Isotopes are variants of the same element with different atomic weights
  • SAM found that the Martian atmosphere has about four times as much of a lighter stable isotope (argon-36) compared to a heavier one (argon-38)
  • This removes previous uncertainty about the ratio in the Martian atmosphere from 1976 measurements from NASA's Viking project and from small volumes of argon extracted from Martian meteorites
  • The ratio is much lower than the solar system's original ratio, as estimated from argon-isotope measurements of the sun and Jupiter
  • This points to a process at Mars that favored preferential loss of the lighter isotope over the heavier one
  • Curiosity measures several variables
  • with the Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS),
  • daily air temperature has climbed steadily since the measurements began eight months ago and is not strongly tied to the rover's location
  • humidity has differed significantly at different places along the rover's route
  • Trails of dust devils have not been seen inside Gale Crater
  • REMS sensors detected many whirlwind patterns during the first hundred Martian days of the mission, though not as many as detected in the same length of time by earlier missions
  • Curiosity will be drilling into another rock where the rover is now, but that target has not yet been selected. The science team will discuss this over the conjunction period
  • For the rest of April, Curiosity will carry out daily activities for which commands were sent in March, using DAN, REMS and the Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD).
  • ChemCam reveals a complex chemical composition of the dust that includes hydrogen, which could be in the form of hydroxyl groups or water molecules
Mars Base

Apollo Moon Rocks Challenge Lunar Water Theory: Scientific American - 0 views

www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm

scibyte83 moon

shared by Mars Base on 20 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • The discovery of "significant amounts" of water in moon rock samples collected by NASA's Apollo astronauts is challenging a longstanding theory about how the moon formed
  • Since the Apollo era, scientists have thought the moon came to be after a Mars-size object smashed into Earth early in the planet's history, generating a ring of debris that slowly coalesced over millions of years
  • That process, scientists have said, should have flung away the water-forming element hydrogen into space
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • a new study suggests the accepted scenario is not possible given the amount of water found in moon rocks collected from the lunar surface in the early 1970s
  • By "water," the researchers don't mean liquid water, but hydroxyl, a chemical that includes the hydrogen and oxygen ingredients of water.
  • Those water-forming elements would have been on the moon all along
  • the impact scenario is the best formation scenario for the moon, but we need to reconcile the theory of hydrogen
  • Past studies have suggested water-forming elements came to the moon from outside sources long after the moon's crust cooled
  • The solar wind — a stream of particles emanating from the sun — as well as meteorites and comets were pegged as possible sources ofwater depositson the moon in recent studies
  • that explanation does not account for the amount of water found in the Apollo samples
  • Because they found hydroxyl deep inside each sampled rock, the scientists say they have eliminated the solar wind moon water explanation
  • those particles can penetrate the surface only slightly
  • An impact from an asteroid or comet could push the hydrogen in further, but it would not be as pristine as the samples the researchers observed, because it would have melted from the heat of the asteroid collision
  • Researchers probed samples from the late Apollo missions, including the famous "Genesis Rock" that was named for its advanced age of 4.5 billion years, about the same time the moon is thought to have formed
  • Using an infrared spectrometer, the researchers found water embedded in the Genesis Rock
  • implies that the various landing sites of Apollo 15, 16 and 17 each had water present
  • Hui's research flies in the face of past analyses of Apollo rocks that found they were very dry, except for a small bit of water attributed to the rock containers leaking when they were returned to Earth
  • Past instruments that analyzed these samples, however, were not very sensitive
  • older spectrometers had a sensitivity of around 50 parts per million (ppm), while his instruments were able to detect water at concentrations of about 6 ppm in anorthosites and 2.7 ppm in troctolites, which are both igneous rocks found in the moon's crust.
Mars Base

Russian Meteor Not Related to Asteroid Flyby, NASA Confirms - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...o-asteroid-flyby-nasa-confirms

scibyte82 RussianMeteor NearEarthObject

shared by Mars Base on 16 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • February 15, 2013
  • The meteor that streaked over the skies of Russia
  • not related to the asteroid that
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • whiz past Earth later today, (Feb.15
  • the trajectory of the Russian meteorite was significantly different than the trajectory of the asteroid 2012 DA14, making it a completely unrelated object
Mars Base

Fikk meteorittstein gjennom taket i kolonihagen - VG Nett om Utrolige historier - 0 views

www.vg.no/...artikkel.php

scibyte38 meteor meteorite media

shared by Mars Base on 14 Mar 12 - No Cached
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