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Mars Base

Mars Orbiter Spies Lackluster Comet ISON : Discovery News - 0 views

news.discovery.com/...met-ison-closing-in-131002.htm

scibyte105 CometISON ViewerFeedback

shared by Mars Base on 05 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera aboard NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) have released their first observations of the incoming Comet ISON
  • the comet appears to be at the low end of the range of brightness predictions
  • as it falls deeper and deeper into the sun’s gravitational well, ISON will likely brighten
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • addition of gas and dust should cause the comet’s coma to increase in size.
Mars Base

Comet ISON Buzzing Mars Now: A Telescope Viewing Guide | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/near-mars-telescope-guide.html

scibyte105 CometISON ViewerFeedback

shared by Mars Base on 05 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Seeing Comet ISON: A telescope guide
  • If you really want to try to see Comet ISON for yourself, you'll need two things
  • A dark sky.
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • A moderately large telescope.
  • A comet's brightness
  • an "extended" object with the light inside the comet's head spread out over a larger area of space
  • (a dark sky) is absolutely necessary
  • telescope in the 8 to 12-inch range
  • magnification of at least 200 to 300 power
  • if you're trying to see the comet you’ll have much better success by looking off to one side of its position (averted vision) rather than staring right at it; in that way you’ll be able to better detect its faint and fuzzy image
  • if you're trying to see the comet you’ll have much better success by looking off to one side of its position (averted vision) rather than staring right at it; in that way you’ll be able to better detect its faint and fuzzy image
  • Tuesday, Oct. 15. 
  • the comet will appear 1.1 degrees above and to the left of Mars, while Mars itself is passing only 0.9 degrees above and to the left of the bluish 1st-magnitude star Regulus
  • Comet ISON continues to run roughly two magnitudes fainter than original projections
  • recent 'discovery' of a jet feature may be the key in understanding Comet ISON's behavior during the past 7 weeks
  • observers
  • have begun to notice a lengthening of Comet ISON's tail
  • might" be a sign that the sun's warmth has indeed begun to make the comet more active by way of sublimation
Mars Base

Europa's ocean could help explain its jigsaw surface | Ars Technica - 0 views

arstechnica.com/...elp-explain-its-jigsaw-surface

scibyte113 Europa ViewerFeedback

shared by Mars Base on 06 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • Jupiter’s icy moon Europa
  • cracks appear in this facade
  • the cracks come in the form of jumbled pieces of ice that make up what are called the moon's “chaos terrains.”
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • It seems likely that the ocean has something to do with the chaos terrain, especially given the presence of salt there
  • To figure that out, however, we’d have to know something about how water circulates in that ocean
  • Circulation in the ocean would be driven by the heat from Europa’s interior
  • It’s been thought that the big-picture pattern might look something like the atmosphere of Jupiter, with alternating bands of eastward or westward flow.
  • difficulty of studying Europa’s
Mars Base

Bacteria-eating viruses 'magic bullets in the war on superbugs' - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...131016212558.htm

scibyte107 ViewerFeedback

shared by Mars Base on 27 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • A specialist team of scientists from the University of Leicester has isolated viruses that eat bacteria -- called phages -- to specifically target the highly infectious hospital superbug Clostridium difficile
  • predominantly been funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC).
  • been investigating an alternative approach to antibiotics, which utilizes naturally occurring viruses called bacteriophages, meaning 'eaters of bacteria'.
  • ...24 more annotations...
  • since the discovery of the first antibiotic, penicillin, antibiotics
  • have saved countless lives and impacted on the well-being of humanity
  • the future impact of antibiotics is dwindling
  • with more and more bacteria
  • 'out-evolving' these miracle drugs
  • bacteriophages
  • are specific in what they kill and will generally only infect one particular species, or even strain, of bacteria
  • Following attachment to their hosts, they inject their DNA into the bacterium, which then replicates many times over, ultimately causing the bacterial cell to burst open
  • team have
  • , a specific mixture of phages have been proved, through extensive laboratory testing, to be effective against 90% of the most clinically relevant C. diff strains currently seen in the U.K
  • US-based biopharmaceutical company and pioneers in developing phage-based therapeutics
  • have already made progress in developing phages targeted against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogen that causes acute, life-threatening lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients
  • funding further development and testing
  • phages developed
  • is to have a phage mixture ready to go into phase 1 and 2 clinical trials
  • Evaluations of the efficacy of bacteriophage therapy and optimisation of dosing regimes will be carried out
  • bacteria primarily affect our digestive system
  • pose a serious threat when our natural digestive environment is disrupted or depleted, such as after chronic antibiotic use
  • antibiotics also destroy the 'good' gut bacteria, in turn increasing the potential for relapse or new infections
  • The key advantage of using phages over antibiotics
  • A phage will infect and kill only a specific strain/species of bacteria.
  • Antibacterial resistance is a major and growing threat to health globally
  • This study
  • examines a new way to kill bacteria to circumvent resistance formation
Mars Base

A Tetrad of Lunar Eclipses - NASA Science - 0 views

science.nasa.gov/...27mar_tetrad

scibyte126 moon ViewerFeedback

shared by Mars Base on 12 Apr 14 - No Cached
  • For people in the United States, an extraordinary series of lunar eclipses is about to begin.
  • a lunar eclipse tetrad—a series of 4 consecutive total eclipses occurring at approximately six month intervals
  • The total eclipse of April 15, 2014, will be followed by another on Oct. 8, 2014, and another on April 4, 2015, and another on Sept. 28 2015.
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • The most unique thing about the 2014-2015 tetrad is that all of them are visible for all or parts of the USA
  • On average, lunar eclipses occur about twice a year, but not all of them are total.  There are three types
  • A penumbral eclipse is when the Moon passes through the pale outskirts of Earth’s shadow.  It’s so subtle, sky watchers often don’t notice an eclipse is underway
  • A partial eclipse is more dramatic.  The Moon dips into the core of Earth’s shadow, but not all the way, so only a fraction of Moon is darkened.
  • A total eclipse, when the entire Moon is shadowed, is best of all.  The face of the Moon turns sunset-red for up to an hour or more as the eclipse slowly unfolds.
  • Usually, lunar eclipses come in no particular order
  • Occasionally, though, the sequence is more orderly. When four consecutive lunar eclipses are all total, the series is called a tetrad.
  • During the 21st century, there are 9 sets of tetrads
  • a frequent occurrence in the current pattern of lunar eclipses
  • During the three hundred year interval from 1600 to 1900, for instance, there were no tetrads at all
  • Why red?
  • Imagine yourself standing on a dusty lunar plain looking up at the sky. Overhead hangs Earth
  • nightside down, completely hiding the sun behind it. The eclipse is underway
  • As you scan your eye around Earth's circumference, you're seeing every sunrise and every sunset in the world, all of them, all at once
  • This incredible light beams into the heart of Earth's shadow, filling it with a coppery glow and transforming the Moon into a great red orb.
  • More information about the lunar eclipse may be found on NASA's eclipse home page
Mars Base

Result Content View - 0 views

www.abstracts2view.com/...view.php

scibyte130 ViewerFeedback

shared by Mars Base on 11 May 14 - No Cached
  • Mars Base on 11 May 14
     
    Contact Form | Stephan van den Akker
Mars Base

NASA May Put Tiny Greenhouse on Mars in 2021 | Space.com - 0 views

www.space.com/se-rover-plant-experiment.html

scibyte131 ViewerFeedback MarsPlantExperiment

shared by Mars Base on 11 May 14 - No Cached
  • Researchers have proposed putting a plant-growth experiment on NASA's next Mars rover
  • scheduled to launch in mid-2020 and land on the Red Planet in early 2021.
  • known as the Mars Plant Experiment (MPX),
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • could help lay the foundation for the colonization of Mars,
  • its designers say
  • The MPX team
  • isn't suggesting that the 2020 Mars rover should
  • digging a hole with its robotic arm and planting seeds in the Red Planet's dirt.
  • the experiment would be entirely self-contained, eliminating the chance that Earth life could escape and perhaps get a foothold on Mars.
  • MPX would employ a clear "CubeSat" box
  • which would be affixed to the exterior of the 2020 rover
  • This box would hold Earth air and about 200 seeds of Arabidopsis, a small flowering plant that's commonly used in scientific research
  • The seeds would receive water when the rover touched down on Mars, and would then be allowed to grow for two weeks or so.
  • MPX would provide an organism-level test
  • how Earth life deals with the Red Planet's relatively high radiation levels and low gravity, which is about 40 percent as strong as that of Earth,
  • "It also would be the first multicellular organism to grow, live and die on another planet
Mars Base

Lab mice fear men but not women, and that's a big problem for science | The Verge - 0 views

www.theverge.com/...-women-big-problem-for-science

ViewerFeedback

shared by Mars Base on 04 May 14 - No Cached
  • Mars Base on 04 May 14
     
    Lab mice fear men but not women
Mars Base

Regrowing human body parts: The dream comes within reach - NBC News.com - 0 views

www.nbcnews.com/...s-just-over-horizon-6C10984423

scibyte108 ViewerFeedback

shared by Mars Base on 05 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Sometime in the next few decades, humans may be able to regrow a finger here, a toe there – and maybe even fresh patches of beating heart tissue
  • Human hearts are among the most promising targets
  • A decade ago
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • demonstrated that zebrafish had the ability to repair a badly damaged heart, thanks to a particular protein that regulates the regenerative process
  • That trick could work for humans as well as fish
  • this month, researchers from the Gladstone Institutes showed that they could turn human scar tissue into electrically conductive tissue in a lab dish by fiddling with just a few key genes
  • Among the hurdles that lie ahead: taking that technique out of the lab and applying it to living human hearts
  • humans already have demonstrated some ability to regenerate body parts
  • very young children can fill out the tips of chopped off fingers and toes
  • the salamander, which can regrow a whole arm below the joint
  • Young mice are able to regenerate toes, too
  • been studying mouse toes to understand how a similar regrowth mechanism can be reactivated or imitated in adult humans
  • In 2010, his lab showed it was possible to enhance the regenerative response in adult mice
  • researchers are cautious about predicting how studies of animal regeneration will be applied to humans
  • it's dangerous to say, 'Yes, we expect to regenerate a limb
  • the field is reaching a turning point
Mars Base

New 'Walking' Shark Species Caught on Video | LiveScience - 0 views

www.livescience.com/new-walking-shark-species.html

scibyte109 ViewerFeedback sharks

shared by Mars Base on 10 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • A new species of "walking" shark has been discovered in a reef off a remote Indonesian island
  • These sharks don't always rely on "walking" to move about — often, they only appear to touch the seafloor as they swim using their pectoral and pelvic fins in a walklike gait
  • The shark grows up to 27 inches (70 centimeters) long and is harmless to humans
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Hemiscyllium halmahera, named after the eastern Indonesian island of Halmahera where it was found
  • Of all known
  • walking sharks, six of nine species hail from Indonesia
  • The animals lay eggs under coral ledges, after which the young sharks lead relatively sedentary lives until adulthood
  • These sharks do not cross areas of deep water and are found in isolated reefs
Mars Base

Rare New Species of Carolina Hammerhead Shark Discovered - 0 views

www.scienceworldreport.com/...ammerhead-shark-discovered.htm

scibyte109 ViewerFeedback sharks

shared by Mars Base on 10 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • The Carolina hammerhead has long eluded discovery due to the fact that it is outwardly indistinguishable from the common scalloped hammerhead
  • The new species, named Sphyrna gilberti, was actually discovered as scientists were looking for more common hammerheads.
  • Scientists have now announced that they've discovered a new species of rare shark, the Carolina hammerhead
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • South Carolina is a well-known pupping ground for several species of sharks, which means that researchers were collecting samples there for study
  • The scalloped hammerheads that they were collecting had two different genetic signatures in both the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes
  • the scientists found that the anomalous scalloped hammerhead had been described in 1967 and had 10 fewer vertebrae than the normal scalloped hammerhead. Intrigued
  • In the end, the scientists found that there was genetic evidence to show that this hammerhead was, in fact, a new species.
  • scientists aren't sure exactly how many individuals still exist in the wild
Mars Base

Hubble Sees Jupiter's Red Spot Shrink to Smallest Size Ever - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...t-shrink-to-smallest-size-ever

scibyte132 jupiter ViewerFeedback

shared by Mars Base on 16 May 14 - No Cached
  • “Recent Hubble Space Telescope observations confirm that the spot is now just under  10,250 miles (16,500 km) across, the smallest diameter we’ve ever measured,” said Amy Simon of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Cente
  • Using historic sketches and photos from the late 1800s, astronomers determined the spot’s diameter then at 25,475 miles (41,000 km) across
  • Amateur observations starting in 2012 revealed a noticeable increase in the spot’s shrinkage rate
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • The spot’s “waistline” is getting smaller by just under 620 miles (1,000 km) per year while its north-south extent has changed little
  • the spot has
  • become more circular in shape
  • what causing the drastic downsizing, there are no firm answers yet:
  • new observations
  • very small eddies are feeding into the storm
  • may be responsible for the accelerated change by altering the internal dynamics of the Great Red Spot
  • The Great Red Spot has been a trademark of the planet for at least 400 years
  • a giant hurricane-like storm whirling in the planet’s upper cloud tops with a period of 6 days
  • The storm appears to be conserving angular momentum by spinning faster the same way an ice skater spins up when she pulls in her arms
  • Wind speeds are increasing too, making one wonder whether they’ll ultimately shrink the spot further or bring about its rejuvenation.
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