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VerbaLearn is jam-packed with great features to help you study more efficiently, track your progress, score higher and simply save you time! VerbaLearn's patent pending system will automatically remove words as you master them so you don't waste time studying like you used to. You can learn your words by listening to customized mp3 files or practicing examples online, track your progress, and even review all your words from your homepage whenever you need a brush-up.

Question: Have many hours of study in high school programs does it take for students to reach the Intermediate-Mid to Intermediate-High proficiency ranges? Answer: This is the number one question teachers and administrators ask about foreign language study. It is the right question, because it relates student proficiency outcomes to the amount of instruction hours students have had. Like other areas of study, what you get out depends on what you put in" (p. 1 of 6).

Language in humans has evolved culturally rather than genetically, according to a study by UCL (University College London) and US researchers. By modelling the ways in which genes for language might have evolved alongside language itself, the study showed that genetic adaptation to language would be highly unlikely, as cultural conventions change much more rapidly than genes. Thus, the biological machinery upon which human language is built appears to predate the emergence of language. According to a phenomenon known as the Baldwin effect, characteristics that are learned or developed over a lifespan may become gradually encoded in the genome over many generations, because organisms with a stronger predisposition to acquire a trait have a selective advantage. Over generations, the amount of environmental exposure required to develop the trait decreases, and eventually no environmental exposure may be needed - the trait is genetically encoded. An example of the Baldwin effect is the development of calluses on the keels and sterna of ostriches. The calluses may initially have developed in response to abrasion where the keel and sterna touch the ground during sitting. Natural selection then favored individuals that could develop calluses more rapidly, until callus development became triggered within the embryo and could occur without environmental stimulation. The PNAS paper explored circumstances under which a similar evolutionary mechanism could genetically assimilate properties of language - a theory that has been widely favoured by those arguing for the existence of 'language genes'. The study modelled ways in which genes encoding language-specific properties could have coevolved with language itself. The key finding was that genes for language could have coevolved only in a highly stable linguistic environment; a rapidly changing linguistic environment would not provide a stable target for natural selection. Thus, a biological endowment could not coevolve with p

# In Preschool, children are just beginning to learn about language and how it works. Exposure to multiple languages is advantageous for all children and can be supported by developmentally appropriate teaching practices that make use of songs, rhymes, and stories. # In programs for beginning learners that offer appropriate time and frequency of instruction, students communicate at the Novice-Mid level using memorized language to talk about familiar topics related to school, home, and the community. # After three-six years of study in programs offering the appropriate time and frequency of standards-based instruction, Novice-High through Intermediate-Mid level students communicate at the sentence level creating with language to ask and answer questions and to handle simple transactions related to everyday life and subject matter studied in other classes. # After nine-twelve years of well articulated standards-based instruction, Intermediate-High through Advanced-Low level students communicate at the paragraph level and are able to handle complicated situations on a wide-range of topics.

This is a comprehensive flash card study aid site. Make your flashcards to study anything. Add pictures, text and it supports a range of non-alphabetical languages like Chinese and Japanese. You can choose to learn, spell things, test yourself or play games with the information. Browse thousands of sets made by other users without signing in. A free account is required to make your own flashcards. http://ictmagic.wikispaces.com/ICT+%26+Web+Tools

Every now and again, a book comes along that should be compulsory reading. This is one of those books. It is designed for students for whom English is a second language and plan to study in an English speaking country, however all students can benefit from reading relevant sections of this book. Furthermore, the authors demonstrate a thorough knowledge of this topic and an empathic understanding of the problems confronting students from a variety of countries.

elanguages, led by the University of Southampton. An online study programme to improve English language and study skills.

This is one of my favorite sites to find out what's new in tech for our use.  The April 11th blog post discusses typing accents in other languages.  It also presents 2 virtual keyboards for WL students. Also presented are links to learning languages, activities, and image-based language lessons.  The Pictolang games could help students study languages on their own. The CAPL galleries could be helpful in locating images to use in developing your own language learning activities. You could also have students use CAPL to create language learning games to use to study

This web page is intended to provide an extra resource for students in Eng 404. You will find a link to the SAC (Studies in the Age of Chaucer) online bibliography of Chaucer studies published from 1975-to the present. This is the best resource to use to find essays about Chaucer and his works, including individual Canterbury Tales. You can find citations for essays on individual tales and pilgrims either by doing a keyword search or a subject search. You will also find links here to three different versions of the Canterbury Tales, one in Middle English with glosses, one in Middle English, and a Modern English translation. In addition there are links to resources on other servers that provide information about Chaucer's literary context as well as the Medieval Sourcebook that has a vast collection of primary sources.

"This web page is intended to provide an extra resource for students in Eng 404. You will find a link to the SAC (Studies in the Age of Chaucer) online bibliography of Chaucer studies published from 1975-to the present. This is the best resource to use to find essays about Chaucer and his works, including individual Canterbury Tales. You can find citations for essays on individual tales and pilgrims either by doing a keyword search or a subject search. You will also find links here to three different versions of the Canterbury Tales, one in Middle English with glosses, one in Middle English, and a Modern English translation. In addition there are links to resources on other servers that provide information about Chaucer's literary context as well as the Medieval Sourcebook that has a vast collection of primary sources. " Illustrated with "Chaucer reading from Troilus and Criseyde"

"It is often claimed that people who are bilingual are better than monolinguals at learning languages. Now, the first study to examine bilingual and monolingual brains as they learn an additional language offers new evidence that supports this hypothesis, researchers say. The study, conducted at Georgetown University Medical Center and published in the journal Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, suggests that early bilingualism helps with learning languages later in life."

"Dyslexia is a learning difficulty which affects the ability to adopt the automatic reflexes needed to read and write. Several studies have sought to identify the source of the problems encountered by individuals with dyslexia when they read. Little attention, however, has been paid to the mechanisms involved in writing. Sonia Kandel, Professor at the GIPSA-Lab of the Université Grenoble Alpes (CNRS/Université Grenoble Alpes/Grenoble INP) and her team [1] decided to look at the purely motor aspects of writing in children diagnosed with dyslexia. Their results show that orthographic processing in children with dyslexia is so laborious that it can modify or impair writing skills, despite the absence of dysgraphia in these children. The findings of this study are published in the November 2017 edition of Cognitive Neuropsychology."

Study of language - Visual Wikipedia - splendid resource - not only for linguists!

The Authoring Software that made these exercises is now available for purchase, contact us for further details We are also running a one-day seminar on use of the software This course material is freely available for use by teachers in any educational institution, although the copyright remains with the Department of Language Studies at London Guildhall University.

Advice for language learners General warning: what follows may or may not apply to you. It's based on what linguistics knows about people in general (but any general advice will be ludicrously inappropriate for some people) and on my own experience (but you're not the same as me). If you have another way of learning that works, more power to you. Given the discussion so far, the prospects for language learning may seem pretty bleak. It seems that you'll only learn a language if you really need to; but the fact that you haven't done so already is a pretty good indication that you don't really need to. How to break out of this paradox? At the least, try to make the facts of language learning work for you, not against you. Exposure to the language, for instance, works in your favor. So create exposure. * Read books in the target language. * Better yet, read comics and magazines. (They're easier, more colloquial, and easier to incorporate into your weekly routine.) * Buy music that's sung in it; play it while you're doing other things. * Read websites and participate in newsgroups that use it. * Play language tapes in your car. If you have none, make some for yourself. * Hang out in the neighborhood where they speak it. * Try it out with anyone you know who speaks it. If necessary, go make new friends. * Seek out opportunities to work using the language. * Babysit a child, or hire a sitter, who speaks the language. * Take notes in your classes or at meetings in the language. * Marry a speaker of the language. (Warning: marry someone patient: some people want you to know their language-- they don't want to teach it. Also, this strategy is tricky for multiple languages.) Taking a class can be effective, partly for the instruction, but also because you can meet others who are learning the language, and because, psychologically, classes may be needed to make us give the subject matter time and attention. Self-study is too eas

José's resources for self-study over the summer

Links between studying second languages and cognitive benefits.