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This tutorial teaches the fundamental concepts of symbolic debuggers. We will be using Winpdb to debug Python scripts. The concepts that you learn here, however, are fundamental to working with debuggers in general. At the end of the exercise, you should feel comfortable with using symbolic debuggers and have an inherent understanding of why these tools prove to reduce time and effort needed in debugging without altering the code itself to do so.

When running "python test.py" the interpreter will first precompile the test.py source file, and then execute it. When running "python test.pyc", the interpreter will go straight to the execution of the script.

Use a staticmethod when you know which class you want to access as you are writing the code.

Use a classmethod if you have a class hierarchy and want the method to operate on the actual class used in the call rather than the class where it was defined:

Stackless Python is an alternative implementation of Python created by independent developer Christian Tismer. He started with the conventional Python language processor managed by the language's inventor, Guido van Rossum, and patched his own Stackless invention in place of a small but central part of Python's internals. Stackless Python is the result. This article introduces Tismer's technology and its significance. In future articles, you'll be able to read about how to make your own start at programming Stackless Python, as well as the prospects for a merger between Stackless and the main Python distribution.

Last week we looked at the itertools module and how its iterator based functions can be faster than doing things from scratch. One of the examples showed a function using itertools.takewhile to be much faster than one using itertools.groupby. Some feedback we got, asked, what then is the point of groupby if it's just a slower version of other functionality?

Pycha is a very simple Python package for drawing charts using the great Cairo library. Its goals are: Lightweight Simple to use Nice looking with default values Customization It won't try to draw any possible chart on earth but draw the most common ones nicely. There are some other options you may want to look at like pyCairoChart Pycha is based on Plotr which is based on PlotKit. Both libraries are written in JavaScript and are great for client web programming. I needed the same for the server side so that's the reason I ported Plotr to Python. Now we can deliver charts to people with JavaScript disabled or embed them in PDF reports.

Pypar does not require the Python interpreter to be modified or recompiled: Parallel python programs use the standard Python and need merely import the pypar module. This means for example that you can upgrade Python independently of your parallel codes.

Pypar is an efficient but easy-to-use module that allows programs/scripts written in the Python programming language to run in parallel on multiple processors and communicate using message passing. Pypar provides bindings to an important subset of the message passing interface standard MPI. Other Python MPI bindings available from other developers include: PyMPI, Scientific Python and pythonMPI.

Install using binary installer Download installer from http://ipython.scipy.org/dist/pyreadline-1.3.win32.exe make sure no other readline is installed run installer The configuration file pyreadlineconfig.ini can be copied from Python24/lib/site-packages/pyreadline/configuration to your HOME directory (usually c:/documents and settings/YOURNAME). When using ipython pyreadline is automatically activated. If you want to use pyreadline from the interactive prompt of the python interpreter then you have to include the code in Python24/lib/site-packages/pyreadline/configuration/startup.py in your pythonstartup file or set the PYTHONSTARTUP environment variable to point to that file. Manual can be found in Python24/share/doc/pyreadline

The pyparsing module is an alternative approach to creating and executing simple grammars, vs. the traditional lex/yacc approach, or the use of regular expressions. The pyparsing module provides a library of classes that client code uses to construct the grammar directly in Python code.