Japan and Russia have never signed a peace treaty over World War II. The reason for this is that there is a dispute over four islands off Hokkaido that were occupied by Soviet forces that were once in Japanese hands. A 1956 Japanese-Soviet joint declaration signed in Moscow stated that Shikotan island and the Habomai islets would be returned to Japan after a peace treaty was concluded between Japan and the Soviet Union.

"We have a 200-plus-page text riddled with square brackets," Yvo de Boer said at the opening of the Bonn UN Framework Convention on Climate Change informal negotiating session happening now. "And it worries me to think how on earth we're going to whittle that down to meaningful language with just five weeks of negotiating time left." According to Marianne Bom, the head of the UN's Climate Secretariat was referring to 2,000 square brackets indicating unresolved issues.

Kazakhstan has a commitment to become more democratic. Are they living up to it?