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Michelangelo
Renaissance Artist 1475 -1564 I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free.                                                                                                                   -Michelangelo
Michelangelo Buonarroti was born on March 6, 1475 in the village of Caprese, Italy. He was one of the most important artists of the Italian Renaissance, a period when the arts and sciences flourished. Michelangelo became an apprentice to prominent Florentine painter, Domenico Ghirlandaio at the age of 12, but soon began to study sculpture instead. He attracted the attention and patronage of Lorenzo de Medici, who was r

Ads by Google 10 Rules of Flat Stomach: Cut down 9 lbs of stomach fat every 11 Days by Obeying these 10 Rules. FatLoss4Idiots.comAir Zimbabwe Save with cheap flights on Air zimbabwe www.flightcentre.com.au For a country with such great and mounting problems as Zimbabwe, a general election should be an occasion for great excitement. This should be particularly so when the main opposing parties offer such starkly differently views of looking at the origins of the problems, and the solutions, as do ZANU-PF and the MDC. Yet there seems very little of that sense of excitement about the March general election. There seems less of a general sense of optimism than in recent votes that this election could be a turning point in the country's continuing plunge in every arena. The blasé attitude seems independent of whether one is supportive of the ruling ZANU-PF or either faction of the MDC. If it is going to be an election that represents a watershed in Zimbabwe's declining fortunes, I know few people on either side of the political divide who seem to think that this one is it. A win for President Mugabe and ZANU-PF represents "business as usual," which more of the hardships and decline of the past several years. Just weeks before the election, neither Mugabe as a presidential candidate nor his party even bother to pretend that there is a credible plan in place to reverse the mess the country is in. The MDC factions seem at their most indecisive and weakest. Within and between them, ego-politics seems to win over strategy against their common foe, the ruling party. The statements and actions of some of the leading lights of both factions make one wonder whether in power they would really represent a type of politics essentially different from that of ZANU-PF, or whether they would just be a new group of people doing the same things as before. They send out confusing signals about whether or not they will participate in the election.

Zim crisis to top SADC heads summit HUMPHREY NKONDE Correspondent The crisis in Zimbabwe is likely to be one of the top issues at the forthcoming Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) summit of heads of state and government leaders to be held in Johannesburg, South Africa, on August 16. Advertisement Advertise Here Political, economic and social happenings in Zimbabwe can be expected to take centre stage because they have the potential to impact negatively on SADC's march to the envisaged regional integration and South Africa's hosting of the FIFA 2010 World Cup finals. At the SADC meeting of heads of state held in August last year, it was anticipated that the economy of Zimbabwe would improve and pave the way for a Customs Union and Free Trade Area. To the contrary, Zimbabwe's economy has nose-dived while unemployment has reached the 80 percent mark. Hyperinflation and unemployment has forced Zimbabweans to migrate to neighbouring countries such as Botswana, South Africa, Namibia, Mozambique and Zambia.It is only when problems in Zimbabwe are solved that it will be easy for the regional bloc to form a viable Customs Union and Free Trade Area. It will be difficult to trade with Zimbabwe as a result of hyperinflation. The Zimbabwe dollar has lost value since the price of bread has reached around Z$100 billion and newspapers are selling at Z$ 3billion a copy. The vision by SADC countries to integrate their economies will be hampered by shortage of supply and expensive energy. Except for the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), all the SADC countries are load shedding, hence the decision to hike electricity tariffs. Just 11 days before the SADC meeting, there were protests by COSATU in Johannesburg and other places over the proposed increment of electricity tariffs by 27.5 percent. The surest way of assuring the region of reliable and affordable electricity is by harmonising power generation projects. On the ot

Zimbabwe Organizations Oppose Convening of Parliament By Peter Clottey Washington, D.C. 21 August 2008 Clottey Interview With ICG'S Sydney Masamvu - Download (MP3) Clottey Interview With ICG'S Sydney Masamvu - Listen (MP3) Civil and non-governmental organizations in Zimbabwe are expressing their strong opposition to moves by President Robert Mugabe to open parliament officially next week. The organizations say the move would seriously jeopardize the recently signed memorandum of understanding between the ruling ZANU-PF party and main opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). The MDC reportedly said that convening Zimbabwe's parliament would break a framework agreement governing power-sharing talks to try to end Zimbabwe's political and economic crisis. But President Mugabe's government rejected the accusation, saying the plan to convene parliament will continue as planned. Sydney Masamvu is a Zimbabwean with the International Crisis Group. From the capital, Harare, he tells reporter Peter Clottey that the move is against the spirit of the recently signed memorandum of understanding. "I think given the spirit of the MOU (memorandum of understanding), which up front stated that within the spirit of the agreement, no party was going to convene parliament or formulate a cabinet before an agreement is signed. Moving to swear in parliament is in part a breach of the memorandum of understanding. However, we need to make a qualification there that the contestation in the talks right now is not about the swearing in of parliament is in dispute, but I think the most critical point, which ZANU-PF and President Robert Mugabe moves beyond that, he would be crossing the rules is assembling the cabinet," Masamvu noted. He said it would be an affront to the ongoing peace negotiations aimed at resolving Zimbabwe's problems if President Mugabe goes ahead to name a ZANU-PF led cabinet. "Assembling cabinet will actually be vesting authority in in

Please discuss this issue on the talk page; if necessary, split the content into subarticles and keep this article in a summary style. ‹ 2002 Zimbabwean presidential election, 2008 March 29 and June 27, 2008 Candidate Robert Mugabe Morgan Tsvangirai Simba Makoni Party ZANU-PF MDC Independent Popular vote 1,079,730 (1st round) 2,150,269 (2nd round) 1,195,562 (1st round) 233,000 (2nd round) 207,470 (1st round) Percentage 43.2% (1st round) 85.5% (2nd round) 47.9% (1st round) 9.3% (2nd round) 8.3% (1st round) Incumbent President Robert Mugabe ZANU-PFPresident-Elect Robert Mugabe ZANU-PF Zimbabwe This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Zimbabwe -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- President Robert Mugabe Vice President Parliament Senate House of Assembly Constituencies List of Zimbabwean flags 2007 political crisis Political parties: ZANU-PF - MDC Elections:(Electoral Commission) Pres.: 2002 - 2008 (campaign) Parl.: 2005 - 2008 Provinces Districts Municipalities Human rights Foreign relations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other countries · Atlas Politics Portal view * talk * edit The Republic of Zimbabwe held a presidential election along with a parliamentary election on March 29, 2008.[1] The three major candidates were incumbent President Robert Mugabe of the Zimbabwe African National Union - Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF), Morgan Tsvangirai of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), and Simba Makoni, an independent.[2] As no candidate received an outright majority in the first round, a second round was held on June 27, 2008 between Tsvangirai (with 47.9% of the first round vote) and Mugabe (43.2%). Tsvangirai withdrew from the second round a week before it was scheduled to take place, citing violence against his party

Photoshop tutorials, guides, and instructions., Improve your landscape photography skills with these must-know tips for breathtaking landscape photos. 1. Shoot about 30 minutes before and after sunset. A sunset is a great thing to capture, but even if youre not shooting the sunset but instead shooting at a 90-degree angle to the sunset or even shooting with the sunset at your back, having that subtle light brings out the colors in landscape photos. Most outdoor photography magazines wont even consider shots that havent been shot around this time, as well as before/after sunrise. 2. Shoot about 30 minutes before and after sunrise. As well as before and after sunset, shooting before and after sunrise causes a lot of detail and tone to be seen. The lighting avoids being overexposed, which happens many times when shooting in the middle of the day with harsh light. For portraits, you can shoot in the shade for subtle light even during the middle of the day, but with landscapes, you cant put the entire landscape into the shade. You have to rely on the weather for that. You can shoot a little longer after sunrise if theres some slight cloud cover, but usually an hour or two after sunrise and its already really bright. This is an example of a slightly underexposed landscape photo. Its not shot during the right amount of light, and was shot when the sun was too far down or with too much cloud cover. 3. Have a foreground, middleground, and background. This is part of the rule of thirds, which I cover in the next tip. Make sure you have three elements in landscape shot in order to make it more aesthetically pleasing. For example, if there are some seagulls running on the beach along the shore, that can be the foreground, while the middleground would be the waves crashing and part of the ocean, and the distant ocean and horizon would be the background. 4. Use the rule of thirds. The rule of thirds applies to landscape photography as well. Im

A page to help with photo shop skills

In late 2006 a plan was proposed that would have delayed the election to 2010, at the same time as the next parliamentary election, which was said to be a cost-saving measure. This would have lengthened President Mugabe's term by two years.[22] However, there was reportedly dissent within the ruling ZANU-PF regarding the proposal, and it was never approved. In March 2007, Mugabe said that he thought the feeling in the party favored having the presidential election in 2008, and moving the parliamentary election up by two years instead. He also said that he would be willing to stand for another term if chosen by the party.[23] On March 30, 2007, it was announced that the ZANU-PF Central Committee had chosen Mugabe as the party's candidate for another term in 2008, that presidential terms would be reduced to five years instead of six, and that the parliamentary election would also be held in 2008.[24] Later, information was leaked from the same meeting that ZANU-PF had adopted the position of making Mugabe president-for-life.[25] In 2006, ZANU-PF National Chairman John Nkomo was one of the first to announce he would be ready to contest the election for ZANU-PF if Mugabe chose to retire.[26] Abel Muzorewa, the only prime minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia, suggested on 21 June 2007 that he might run, claiming that people were urging him to do so.[27] Mugabe was chosen by acclamation as ZANU-PF's presidential candidate for the 2008 election by delegates at a December 2007 party congress. John Nkomo said that he "did not hear any dissenting voices" and that the congress had "fully and unreservedly" backed Mugabe.[28] On January 25, 2008, the date of the election was announced as March 29. A spokesperson for the faction of the MDC led by Morgan Tsvangirai denounced this as "an act of madness and arrogance",[29][30] while the leader of the other MDC faction, Arthur Mutambara, said that a free and fair election could not be held under the existing conditions, calling for

Candidacies (February 2008) Talks to unite the two MDC factions behind the candidacy of Tsvangirai, the leader of the main faction, broke down on 3 February 2008. Mutambara apologized to the people for this failure, while Tsvangirai said that unity could not be imposed by force.[32] Analysts viewed the opposition's failure to unite as making Mugabe's re-election a near-certainty, although Tsvangirai, while expressing regret, said that he believed the opposition still had "a fighting chance" of victory.[33] Simba Makoni, a former Finance Minister who was a leading member of ZANU-PF, formally announced on 5 February 2008 that he would be a candidate.[34][35] He is running as an independent. Joseph Chinotimba from the Zimbabwe National Liberation War Veterans Association threatened Makoni,[36] and ZANU-PF declared Makoni to be expelled from the party; it said that anyone supporting him would be expelled as well.[37] On 11 February, Tsvangirai confirmed that he would be the candidate of his faction of the MDC in the election, ending speculation that he might rally behind Makoni's candidacy. Although Tsvangirai said that Makoni was a patriot, he was otherwise sharply critical, saying that Makoni had "been part of the establishment for the last 30 years" and therefore shared responsibility with Mugabe for Zimbabwe's situation. He furthermore expressed his view that Makoni intended to merely "reform an institutionalised dictatorship"[38] and was "old wine in a new bottle".[38][37] On 15 February 2008, Mugabe, Tsvangirai, and Makoni filed their nomination papers and were confirmed as candidates by Ignatius Mushangwe, the electoral commission's presiding officer. Mugabe's papers were submitted by Emmerson Mnangagwa, while Tsvangirai's were submitted by Nelson Chamisa; Makoni submitted his papers in person. A fourth candidate, Langton Towungana, was also confirmed, running as an independent. William Gwata of the Christian Democratic Party attempted to run, but his pa

The programme for Africa's renewal is not a beauty contest on the catwalks of Paris, London or New York; it's about the interest of the ordinary African man, woman and children in Dakar, Abuja, Tshwane, Polokwane, Khartoum and Harare. - Joel Netshitenzhe, 2002 The Crisis in Zimbabwe Coalition (CCZ) is highly encouraged by the efforts being made by the government of Botswana in mounting pressure on the Harare administration to return to democracy. The Republic of Botswana, under the leadership of his Excellency Ian Khama (main picture), has taken strides beyond verbal solidarity, but rather has also embarked on actionable offensives of sending clear messages to the region that they do not recognize the illegitimate regime of President Robert Mugabe and those of like mind. In the week which has just passed, the Ian Khama administration deported two Zanu PF sympathizers, Caesar Zvayi, the former features and political editor of the state mouth peace, The Herald and Gabriel Chaibva, former spokesperson of the Arthur Mutambara led MDC. The administration argues that it will not hesitate to stand by the truth even if the truth is going to hurt those who have become strangers to the truth. The Botswana President also boycotted the just ended SADC summit which was held in South Africa on the grounds that they can not share the same platform with an administration that masterminded and effected an election campaign which left hundreds killed, thousands limping, many displaced and houses torched down in acts of arson.

Do you ask yourself any of these questions?\n\nWhat is abstract art? Is it the same thing as Modern Art? How can I interpret and evaluate a piece of abstract art? Can it have a subject or a meaning? Are there different types of abstract art?\n\nIf you want to discover the answers, and ask more questions, this course is for you!\n\nAbstraction is not a style of art, like for example, Baroque or Cubism. It is, rather, about the subject matter and our reading of it. An artist expressing the beauty of a landscape can paint a picture of the landscape, but how can an artist make a piece of artwork about an emotion such as fear, or an idea such as purity, or a quality of a painting such as shape, weight or rhythm? It might be worth considering your expectations of some other art forms; music and dance for example\n\nThe art critic Herbert Read wrote in 1931, �We must not be afraid of this word �abstract�. All art is primarily abstract�. But many people are afraid of abstract art, and feel that it is alien territory! In this course we will approach abstract art via art with which we, perhaps, feel more comfortable and learn to extend our skills of interpretation and understanding. We will also make sure that terms bandied around in art speak such as �abstract, �figurative�, �realism�, �representational� are clearly defined.\n\nWe will explore what we mean by realism and abstraction in Western art by looking at images from the ancient Egyptians, through Classical art, early Christian and Mediaeval art, to the Renaissance, until the late 19th century. We will then explore the break with convention in Modernism, look at experiments with colour and form in the early Modern era, and at some of the key ideas of the first abstract artists.\n\nWe will examine the historical, social and political context of early Modernism, against the backdrop of rapid industrialization, the Bolshevik revolution and the years leading to the great war.\n\nAbstract Ar

Zimbabwe Seen Topping Southern African Regional Summit Agenda Foreign ministers of the Southern African Development Community launched discussions on Thursday in Johannesburg amid speculation the crisis in Zimbabwe will top the SADC summit agenda in the light of recent political developments. South African Foreign Affairs Minister Nkosazana Dhlamini Zuma addressed the ministers at the Sandton Convention Center, saying SADC is pleased with the progress achieved to date in resolving the crisis. South African President Thabo Mbeki is mediator for SADC in the power-sharing talks between Zimbabwe's ruling party and opposition. Political analyst Oliver Saasa told reporter Carole Gombakomba of VOA's Studio 7 for Zimbabwe that actions by President Mugabe and his government suggest his long-ruling ZANU-PF party is not negotiating in good faith, which could spell trouble for the region and lead to some divisions within the summit starting in earnest on Saturday. Meanwhile, non-governmental organizations headed by the Congress of South African Trade Unions were organizing demonstrations against the expected presence of President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe and King Mswati of Swaziland at the summit, characterizing them as illegitimate rulers who have committed or ordered human rights abuses. Sources in Johannesburg said Zimbabwean NGO members were trickling into the city to join their South African-based counterparts. Zimbabwean organizations expected to join the protests include the Crisis in Zimbabwe Coalition, the Zimbabwe Exiles Forum, and the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions. Trade unionists from Swaziland are expected to turn out in force as well. Spokesman Patrick Craven of COSATU told reporter Patience Rusere of VOA's Studio 7 for Zimbabwe that Saturday's event is likely to be more effective because international attention has been focused on the Zimbabwean crisis since the country's March 29 elections. Civil society organizations from Zimbabwe

Visit this site dedicated to providing information about the facts, history of The Crusades. Fast and accurate facts about the The Crusades.Learn about the history of the The Crusades.">This is a cached version of http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/the-crusades.htm. Diigo.com has no relation to the site.xThe Crusades   bordercolorda

The poverty section of the Global Issues web site looks into causes of poverty around the world. Why are poor nations poor? What are the roles of the IMF and World Bank with their Structural Adjustment policies? What are the effects of debt. The roles of major players such as the United Nations, United States, Britain are also introduced. Tied in with other global issues which are inter-related with the issue of poverty, it affects all of us. Many links to other articles, research, essays and organizations are provided to look into such questions and issues." /><!--[if lt IE 7]><link href="/css/6/ie.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><![endif]--><!--[if lt IE 8]><link href="/css/1/ie7.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><![endif]--><link hre

The sexual exploitation of children, both males and females, has occurred throughout history. However it has only been in the last few decades that it has been officially acknowledged with the relevant issues now beginning to be addressed. One of the key issues is the experiences of child complainants of sexual abuse in the justice system. This conference seeks to provide academics, researchers, lawyers, policy makers and practitioners from areas such as child protection, family law, community organisations and social welfare with a forum to discuss issues associated with child sexual abuse and the appropriate justice response and to identify best practice, share knowledge and develop strategies to address the relevant issues. Papers cover children and the legal system; child protection and Family Court disputes; child witnesses in the criminal justice system; alternative models for prosecuting offenders; and treatment programs for child sex offenders.

There were seven Crusades, with the first beginning in 1095 and the last ending in 1291

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Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantine (c. 272 - 337), aka Constantine the Great, was the most important person in the development of the early Christian Church (after Jesus and Paul, naturally). He gave Christianity political and social legitimacy in the Roman Empire, allowing the young religion to establish itself, obtain powerful patrons, and dominate the Western world.">Friday, 18-Jul-2008 20:42:19 GMT

talks said: "One sticking point seems to be the position of security officials who are seeking immunity from prosecution, something that hasn't been on the table so far." Regional leaders are due to meet in Johannesburg at the end of this week for a Southern African Development Community (SADC) summit, adding to the pressure on Mr Mbeki to achieve a breakthrough. talks said: "One sticking point seems to be the position of security officials who are seeking immunity from prosecution, something that hasn't been on the table so far." Regional leaders are due to meet in Johannesburg at the end of this week for a Southern African Development Community (SADC) summit, adding to the pressure on Mr Mbeki to achieve a breakthrough.

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