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Explore electrophoresis with The Amoeba Sisters! This biotechnology video introduces gel electrophoresis and how it functions to separate molecules by size. Restriction enzymes, DNA ladders, and DNA fingerprinting briefly introduced.

How can a mixture of molecules, too small to be seen with even a high-powered microscope, be separated from one another? Such was the dilemma facing scientists until the development of a process that is now standard in laboratories worldwide-gel electrophoresis. Laboratories rely heavily on this proven and reliable technique for separating a wide variety of samples, from DNA used in forensics and for mapping genes, to proteins useful in determining evolutionary relationships.

In this laboratory you will use some basic tools of molecular biology to gain an understanding of some of the principles and techniques of genetic engineering. In the first part of the lab, you will use antibiotic-resistance plasmids to transform Escherichia coli. In the second part, you will use gel electrophoresis to separate fragments of DNA for further analysis.

Paul Andersen explains the two major portions of the molecular biology lab in AP Biology. He starts by discussing the process of transformation. He explains how you can use the pGLO plasmid to produce glowing E. coli bacteria. He then describes how you can use restriction enzymes and the process of gel electrophoresis to cut and separate DNA.

calorimetry carbon transfer: snails/elodea investigating bacterial growth mutations in fruit flys Gel Electrophoresis bacterial transformation comparing hominoid skulls testing antibacterial agents plant transpiration exploring plant responses insects and crime scene analysis interpreting bird response blood typing

University of Vermont site with information on numerous genetic topics