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Joanne Cram

ollie_4-fall14: Article: Attributes from Effective Formative Assessment (CCSSO) - 1 views

moodlesw.aeapdonline.org/...view.php

shared by Joanne Cram on 24 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Learning progressions describe how concepts and skills build in a domain, and show the trajectory of learning along which students are expected to progress. From a learning progression teachers have the big picture of what students need to learn, as well as sufficient detail for planning instruction to meet short-term goals. They are able to connect formative assessment opportunities to the short-term goals to keep track of how well their students’ learning is moving forward.
    • scampie1
      scampie1 on 24 Sep 14
       
      This is so critical and demands deep understanding of the content domain and skill domain of a subject. Please can we have subject experts teach from grade 1?
    • joycevermeer
      joycevermeer on 26 Sep 14
       
      This is all about scaffolding children's (or adult's) learning. We need children to be in the zone of proximal development to get optimal learning.
    • Bev Berns
      Bev Berns on 27 Sep 14
       
      Sometimes assessment of learning is an afterthought to planning and guiding instruction.
  • Descriptive feedback should be about the particular qualities of student learning with discussion or suggestions about what the student can do to improve. It should avoid comparisons with other pupils. Specific, timely feedback should be based on the learning goal and criteria for success. It should help the student answer three basic questions: Where am I going? Where am I now? How can I close the gap?
    • scampie1
      scampie1 on 24 Sep 14
       
      Since my area is math, here is an excellent brief on these ideas with examples in math: http://www.nctm.org/news/content.aspx?id=11474
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 28 Sep 14
       
      I love these questions; they make perfect sense. I don't know that I ever formalized this reflective process with students but no doubt I should have. When time was short (which it frequently was) I cut the reflection. Even when I cut it, I knew this wasn't a good practice. 
  • However, for students to be actively and successfully involved in their own learning, they must feel that they are bona fide partners in the learning process. This feeling is dependent on a classroom culture characterized by a sense of trust between and among students and their teachers; by norms of respect, transparency, and appreciation of differences; and by a non-threatening environment. Creating such a culture requires teachers to model these behaviors during interactions with students, to actively teach the classroom norms, and to build the students’ skills in constructive self- and peer-assessment. In this type of classroom culture, students will more likely feel they are collaborators with their teacher and peers in the learning process.
    • scampie1
      scampie1 on 24 Sep 14
       
      This is critical when teaching adults. I feel this course has been a good example of this also.
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 02 Oct 14
       
      I had the same a-ha with this statement. When a student feels comfortable within the learning environment, they are allowed to respond and work more freely.
  • ...31 more annotations...
  • In peer-assessment, students analyze each others’ work using guidelines or rubrics and provide descriptive feedback that supports continued improvement.
    • scampie1
      scampie1 on 24 Sep 14
       
      Paige Keeley offers many strategies for formative assessment in her books. I wish she wrote one for use online, but some of her ideas could be adapted. Partner Speaks could change to Partner writes and have feedback to whole group be based on what partner's work or strategy was.
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 28 Sep 14
       
      These are some of my favorite techniques for student assessment and engagement.  The critique is a major part of art education and the more I do it, the more I enjoy it...I think the students tend to feel the same way.  
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 02 Oct 14
       
      This is where rubric perfection is key. The better, more fine-tuned a rubric, the more sensitive it can be to student assessment.
  • Formative assessment is a process used by teachers and students during instruction that provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve students’ achievement of intended instructional outcomes.
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 24 Sep 14
       
      It's very important for everyone to get on th esame page with this definition and truly understand the intended use of formative assessments- to adjust teaching!
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 26 Sep 14
       
      I agree. I also think teachers need to be reminded at times that formative assessments provide "feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning." I think sometimes teachers administer what they would call formative assessments, but don't use the information to drive instruction.
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 27 Sep 14
       
      And when educators do not use the information to drive instruction, it is not formative assessments.
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 28 Sep 14
       
      Formative assessment is hugely important to guide teachers' instruction. 
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 28 Sep 14
       
      I think it is also important to remember that it isn't just for teachers...the learner needs to be involved in the process and more than just as a resource for gathering data.  The learner and teacher go hand in hand as a part of this process. 
    • Adrian Evans
      Adrian Evans on 30 Sep 14
       
      There are, unfortunately, too many who see formative assessment as a data collection tool only, as opposed to an instructional resource. This, of course, needs to be changed.
  • is to provide evidence that is used by teachers and students to inform instruction and learning during the teaching/learning process
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 24 Sep 14
       
      YES!
    • joycevermeer
      joycevermeer on 26 Sep 14
       
      And really, if you are not going to use assessment for this purpose, why would you do it?
    • criley55
      criley55 on 01 Oct 14
       
      Great reminder that it is for the STUDENTS and not just the teacher!
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 02 Oct 14
       
      The fact that there are so many definitions of formative assessment can be frustrating. In all of my training, Rick Stiggins in the author who's opinion on assessment most closely matches my own beliefs.
  • One key feature of this definition is its requirement that formative assessment be regarded as a process rather than a particular kind of assessment.
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 24 Sep 14
       
      The process is the assessment:)
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 28 Sep 14
       
      I think the word process is key here. There should be several formative assessments along the way in each unit to inform teachers and enable incremental changes along the way. 
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 28 Sep 14
       
      I think that is the key too. "A process of strategies that the teacher can implement during instruction" to "elicit evidence of student learning to inform and adjust instruction." So important to adjust instruction for best learning outcome for student.
  • A second important part of the definition is its unequivocal requirement that the formative assessment process involve both teachers and students.
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 24 Sep 14
       
      I see so many who forget to involve the student in the process and it results in low student engagement because they feel it's "not about them" and there is nothing they can do to change the outcomes.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 26 Sep 14
       
      I've seen this as well while working within different classrooms. Students need to be included in the process and be given more responsibility for their learning.
  • Descriptive Feedback: Students should be provided with evidence-based feedback that is linked to the intended instructional outcomes and criteria for success.
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 24 Sep 14
       
      To me, this is key and all too often missing.
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 27 Sep 14
       
      Descriptive feedback is very important.  How often have teachers just written standard phrases such as "well done", "way to go"..... But, to do descriptive feedback takes quite a bit of time.
  • 5. Collaboration: A classroom culture in which teachers and students are partners in learning should be established.
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 24 Sep 14
       
      I truly wish everyone could see that everyhting is built upon this foundation:) I think this should be #1 of the 5!
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 26 Sep 14
       
      I agree. The more we work together the better the outcomes and desire for students to be actively involved with their own learning.
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 27 Sep 14
       
      I think that Number 5 sums it all up. Collaboration between students and teacher makes it all happen if everything else is in place: instructional outcomes and criteria for success.
  • These range from informal observations and conversations to purposefully planned instructionally embedded techniques designed to elicit evidence of student learning to inform and adjust instruction.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 24 Sep 14
       
      In teaching an online course are formative assessments much more likely to be of the purposefully planned embedded technique variety?  It seems that the format lends itself to much less opportunity for informal observations.
    • Bev Berns
      Bev Berns on 27 Sep 14
       
      True! And, the survey, journal and forum activites could support formative assessment in the online space through student reflection of learning.
  • share learning goals with students and provide opportunities for students to monitor their ongoing progress.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 24 Sep 14
       
      One would think, online learning through LMSs could be set up in a way that would help enable students be able to effectively monitor their progress in improving their learning.
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 26 Sep 14
       
      Wow, I never really sat down to think about it, but I agree that LMSs should have a component that allows students to monitor their progress more than just through the grade-book. It would be neat to see a type of "student data binder" as a component to online learning. It is critical for students to know their goals and take ownership in their learning.
    • ajbeyer
      ajbeyer on 02 Oct 14
       
      So many times the teacher forgets to share the learning goal with students and then the student doesn't know what he/she should be working towards. It's important for the teacher to make clear what the goal is and for the student to have a plan to be sucessful.
  • Using the evidence elicited from such tasks connected to the goals of the progression, a teacher could identify the “just right gap” – a growth point in learning that involves a step that is neither too large nor too small – and make adjustments to instruction accordingly.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 24 Sep 14
       
      This sounds easier said than done.  As we know it is important to keep in mind that all of our learners learn in different ways and what might be the "just right gap" for one students may be a crack in the sidewalk for one and the grand canyon for another.  I'm sure finding this balance will always be a work in progress but having these progressions built in and being able to monitor along the way could be very beneficial in supporting all students to reach the desired learning objective.
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 27 Sep 14
       
      This attribute reminds me of a well-written and well implemented IEP.  When educators were working with legislators in 70's on 94-142, the concepts of formative and summative assessments were being applied.
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 28 Sep 14
       
      I agree with you, Lynn.  This idea seems very overwhelming when applying it to multiple classrooms of 25 students.  The idea of learning progressions is a good idea, I think that most teachers do this without thinking about it in these terms. 
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 02 Oct 14
       
      With all of the new legislation coming at us with Chapter 62, this is going to impact us greatly as educators. This achievement gap has got to be figured out- how do we quickly, and effectively move students through that gap towards mastery?
  • teachers must provide the criteria by which learning will be assessed so that students will know whether they are successfully progressing toward the goal. This information should be communicated using language readily understood by students, and may be accompanied by realistic examples of those that meet and do not meet the criteria.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 24 Sep 14
       
      This sounds really familiar!
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 26 Sep 14
       
      This reinforces our group work from week two and the importance of creating an assessment rubric whereby students know from the beginning what is expected. We need to provide students with the criteria being assessed and what is consider exemplary, proficient or may need more work.
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 27 Sep 14
       
      I agree, Kathleen. Students need to know what is expected/criteria with clear examples.
  • A teacher needs to have modeled good feedback with students and talked about what acceptable and unacceptable comments look like in order to have created a safe learning environment.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 24 Sep 14
       
      I've used peer assessment in the past and found that this modeling is a very important step prior to starting the peer assessment process. It is always a good idea to go back over the expectations each time the students are involved in peer assessment as the year or term progresses.  
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 28 Sep 14
       
      I agree that teacher modeling is important when having students peer assess. Students need guidelines and need to be able to give feedback.
  • necessary instructional adjustments can be made
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 26 Sep 14
       
      As I mentioned earlier, the key to formative assessments is that adjustments to instruction are made as a result of formative assessments.
    • Adrian Evans
      Adrian Evans on 30 Sep 14
       
      Sometimes formative assessment can be done during class time, as a simple, "does everyone understand this?", or a "fist to five" or even thumbs up/thumbs down.
  • integrated
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 26 Sep 14
       
      I really like the word integrated. Formative assessments should be woven into instruction and learning and not necessarily viewed as something separate.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 26 Sep 14
       
      I agree with you Nicole. If we are truly assessing how the student is performing and the goal is to close the achievement gap the assessment process needs to be integrated throughout an instructional unit.
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 28 Sep 14
       
      I agree with this statement.  It should just be a part of what we do, but it is important not to forget why we are doing it.  
  • teachers must first identify and then communicate the instructional goal
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 26 Sep 14
       
      Students certainly need to be knowledgeable about their goals so they know what to focus on and work toward. I also think it is important for them to know why their goal important when possible.
    • Bev Berns
      Bev Berns on 27 Sep 14
       
      In sharing goals for learning with students, it should be more than a list of standards to meet or a rubric to an end product. There should be a progressive look at a student's growth that are not tied to formal grading, but to identifying what a student can and cannot do.
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 28 Sep 14
       
      Yes, learning goals help the students know what is expected of them.  I agree, it should be more than a list of standards.  These learning goals should be written in the students language.  That is why I really like "I can" statements, even at the secondary level. 
    • criley55
      criley55 on 01 Oct 14
       
      It is so important for students to know exactly what their expectations are so they aren't guessing at what it is the teacher wants them to learn.
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 02 Oct 14
       
      With many schools moving towards standards based grading, this is essential when moving students through education and assessment.
  • To support both self- and peer-assessment, the teacher must provide structure and support so students learn to be reflective of their own work and that of their peers, allowing them to provide meaningful and constructive feedback.
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 26 Sep 14
       
      Teaching students to be reflective and provide meaningful and constructive feedback is certainly a skill that needs to be taught. It is important that this structure and support is in place in order for it to be effective. I can defnitely see where modeling and coaching students through this process is necessary.
    • joycevermeer
      joycevermeer on 26 Sep 14
       
      I agree, being reflective needs to be taught. Students need to be reflective of their work and teachers need to be reflective of their work. Not only do they need to reflect, but they must also think of ways that reflection can inform instruction.
    • criley55
      criley55 on 01 Oct 14
       
      Feedback won't be as effective if it is not taught and modeled by the teacher.
  • receiving frequent feedback
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 26 Sep 14
       
      Providing "frequent feedback" gives the student an opportunity to make adjustments as they progress instead of waiting until the assignment has been finished. Frequent assessments can result in the redirection of student(s) work especially if the assignment was misunderstood.
  • “two stars and a wish,”
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 26 Sep 14
       
      What a great way for students to provide feedback. I've heard this stated a little differently but with the same general idea/outcome. All to often the focus is on the negatives and students become discouraged and lose interest. If we can focus on a couple of positives and then share what may need to be improved the students overall approach and attitude might be better.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 26 Sep 14
       
      I really liked this approach as well.  We should be looking for more ways to encourage the repetition of positive behavior then always pointing out what is wrong. 
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 28 Sep 14
       
      This is a good approach for peer assessment.  It give enough encouragement to balance the items that need work. 
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 28 Sep 14
       
      I like this idea. Using "two stars and a wish" students need to look for positive things as well as one thing that needs improvement. This focuses on the positive.
  • The students must be actively involved in the systematic process intended to improve their learning.
  • The way these attributes are implemented depends on the particular instructional context, the individual teacher, and—perhaps most importantly—the individual students.
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 28 Sep 14
       
      The common theme in all five attributes is the teacher and student working together in the learning. Or as attribute 5 says "partners in learning".
  • However, student- and peer-assessment should not be used in the formal grading process.
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 27 Sep 14
       
      I think that this sentence is important and should not be missed.  Interesting that the thought is that self-assessment should not be part of the formal grade. 
    • ajbeyer
      ajbeyer on 02 Oct 14
       
      I agree that peer and self assessment should not be used in the formal grading process. Peer and self assessment should help guide the student and help him/her think about their thinking, but not be an actual part of their grade. That would put too much pressure on them.
  • close the gap between students’ current understanding and the desired goals.
    • Travis Wilkins
      Travis Wilkins on 27 Sep 14
       
      Closing the gap between students' current understanding the desired goals is a great way to explicitly state the purpose of formative assessment.  It keeps the focus on the students, but also impacts the reflective teacher on how to proceed next to truly differentiate instruction to meet the needs of all learners.
  • keep track of how well their students’ learning is moving forward.
  • Learning progressions
    • Travis Wilkins
      Travis Wilkins on 27 Sep 14
       
      I think another important piece to the learning progression is to involve the student in the tracking of this process and progress.   In the elementary classroom I found it common place for teachers to use good formative assessment, but the results and process were almost hidden from the students.  I found that by involving them in the process it had a greater impact on their understanding and sense of responsibility in the learning process.
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 28 Sep 14
       
      I agree with you. I think involving students in the process of their own learning will give them more of a buy in as well as more motivation.
  • Self- and Peer-Assessment:
    • Travis Wilkins
      Travis Wilkins on 27 Sep 14
       
      I see this as being a component of online learning that could be implemented and beneficial to the students.  I think that building the relationships in the class prior to peer assessment would be key to insuring the success in the online environment.
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 28 Sep 14
       
      I did not have great luck with peer assessment in elementary school. It was very time consuming and rarely provided the results I had hoped. Each time I refined how I set it up, how I modeled it, etc. with about the same results. 
  • involving students in decisions about how to move learning forward
    • Travis Wilkins
      Travis Wilkins on 27 Sep 14
       
      I think this is vital to the success and achievement of our students.  I struggle with what this looks like in the online environment.
    • Adrian Evans
      Adrian Evans on 30 Sep 14
       
      I think that this is a slippery slope, some students will look to take the road of less resistance, ie no homework, but if the teacher prepares work thoughtfully, then the students may be allowed to choose which homework assignment best suits them and be possibly allowed to change or tweak a topic in order to suit one of their interests which would then increase student buy-in.
  • Formative assessment is a process that directly engages both teachers and students
    • Bev Berns
      Bev Berns on 27 Sep 14
       
      The conversation between the teacher and student regarding learning is the most powerful part of formative assessment!
  • Students can use a rubric to provide feedback to a peer
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 28 Sep 14
       
      I love the idea of having students use a rubric to assess peers. I frequently had students self-assess using a rubric, but I never had peers use it to assess. To be honest, I'm not sure why I never thought of that myself. Love it!
  • when students and their peers are involved there are many more opportunities to share and receive feedback.
    • Adrian Evans
      Adrian Evans on 30 Sep 14
       
      Students are sometimes more comfortable in failing in front of a peer, in a one on one scenario than they are in meeting with their teacher. Getting to know your students will help the teacher figure out which strategy to use.
    • criley55
      criley55 on 01 Oct 14
       
      This is something I hadn't thought a lot about - but students would get a lot more feedback if it was given from peers and not just teachers.
  • Specific, timely feedback should be based on the learning goal and criteria for success
    • ajbeyer
      ajbeyer on 02 Oct 14
       
      Specific and timely feedback should be given to all students in order for them to be successful. If students are not given feedback in a timely manner, then the feedback will do nothing to promote their learning.
  • Both self- and peer-assessment are important for providing students an opportunity to think meta-cognitively about their learning.
    • ajbeyer
      ajbeyer on 02 Oct 14
       
      Self assessment and peer assessment are important in order for students to think about their thinking and their learning. Peer assessment isn't always means to helping, but self assessment should always be a part of the assessment process.
lisa rasmussen

ollie4: Article: Attributes from Effective Formative Assessment (CCSSO) - 14 views

moodle.aeapdonline.org/...view.php

shared by lisa rasmussen on 16 Jun 11 - No Cached
  • One key feature of this definition is its requirement that formative assessment be regarded as a process rather than a particular kind of assessment. In other words, there is no such thing as “a formative test.”
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 16 Jun 11
       
      I often times hear teacher speak of formative assessment as a noun instead of a verb. (e.g. They gave their students a formative assessment today.)
    • Cindy Blinkinsop
      Cindy Blinkinsop on 21 Jun 11
       
      You hit the nail on the head.
    • Maryann Angeroth
      Maryann Angeroth on 13 Oct 11
       
      What role does homework have in formative assessment?
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
      Deena Stanley-Dostart on 14 Oct 11
       
      Our administrators are telling us to do more formative assessments, they are also treating it like a noun.
    • Nancy Peterman
      Nancy Peterman on 15 Oct 11
       
      These courses have helped me recognize the difference in using the formative assessment as a "process" rather than a type of test. It makes a big difference in when and why a teacher uses the strategy.
    • Perry Bekkerus
      Perry Bekkerus on 16 Nov 11
       
      Ours are as well. I think formative assessment is any kind of data that helps a teacher decide what to do next in the classroom. For instance, as a music teacher, I can listen to kids sing a particular passage as a formative assessment; if they all sing it well, they are ready for another passage. If no one is getting it, then I need to slow down the passage until they have a better handle on it. If some are getting it and others aren't, then I usually try to improve another aspect of the passage (dynamics, diction, etc.) so that the strugglers get more practice on the pitches without boring the kids who already know the notes. In essence, by differentiating, I kill two birds with one stone. The formative assessment (i.e. listening to them sing it the first time) is the crucial piece here...if I just assume that they know it (or don't know it), then I have made assumptions about their background knowledge. That is the purpose of formative assessment: an assessment that formulates some further action or inaction.
  • there are a number of formative assessment strategies that can be implemented during classroom instruction.
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 16 Jun 11
       
      In Science CABs we have shared the book, "Science Formative Assessment: 75 Practical Strategies for Linking Assessment, Instruction, and Learning," by Page Keeley. The teachers seem to really like a lot of these strategies and plan on using them in their classrooms.
    • Cindy Blinkinsop
      Cindy Blinkinsop on 21 Jun 11
       
      Teachers don't want to know the theory and research behind a strategy...they just want the strategy or strategies that will help them help their students. I'm not a science teacher but the book you refer to sounds like a great resource for science teachers.
    • Lynne Devaney
      Lynne Devaney on 16 Oct 11
       
      Thanks for the resource.
  • Learning Goals and Criteria for Success: Learning goals and criteria for success should be clearly identified and communicated to students.
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 16 Jun 11
       
      This year in Science CAB, we have started using Learning Goals and Success Criteria with the participants. We try to post these on the PowerPoint, so everyone can see them. However, our learning goals . . . and possibly even our success criteria need work.
    • Linda Hoobin
      Linda Hoobin on 20 Jun 11
       
      Throught my work with Margaret Heritage and the Iowa Core, I found this to take much more time than I thought it would. I am still learning about how to write clear learning goals and success criteria. Practice will eventually make perfect, but I have a long ways to go!
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 26 Jun 11
       
      The first principal I worked for required that all of us clearly post the learning objectives for the day or week on our white boards. He wanted the students to know at the beginning of class what the goal was for the day and what they were expected to do. Transparency shows that we'd thought about our lesson and that the students were a part of the equation. Thinking back to my own education, I know there were too many moment when I was left wondering what we were really trying to do and why it was important!
    • Dirk Troutman
      Dirk Troutman on 22 Jul 11
       
      Any lesson or course with clear learning objectives will be a success, any without it is unlikely to succeed.
    • Kathy Hageman
      Kathy Hageman on 12 Oct 11
       
      Is it really just a matter of "communicating" goals and criteria to students? Wouldn't students benefit from being involved in the process of identifying goals and criteria?
    • Mark McGaffin
      Mark McGaffin on 12 Oct 11
       
      Purpose for the lesson and outcomes for the students (what they will be able to do).  The students need to understand what they will be learning and how they will show it (rubrics).
    • Jean Van Gilder
      Jean Van Gilder on 13 Oct 11
       
      Also we need to communicate as instructors with our students as to how what they are learning applies in their "real" lives.
    • Gayle Olson
      Gayle Olson on 20 Oct 11
       
      A technique that I have used lots when starting a new topic is to ask the students what they hope to gain from it. That helps me call their attention to specific spots when we learn the new info. It also gives me their language, so I know better what words to use so they will be able to understand the concepts by connecting them to what is already familiar to them. It's powerful, especially when they see me referring to the list to see if we have met everyone's goals.
  • ...64 more annotations...
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 16 Jun 11
       
      The "and students" is important here. I often observe formative assessement being referred to as primarily for the teacher and not about how useful it is for students.
    • Gary Petersen
      Gary Petersen on 18 Oct 11
       
      I would agree. Most often I think of "informing instruction" as helping the teacher and do not look at "informing learning" as part of the process to help students.
  • used by teachers and students to inform instruction and learning during the teaching/learning process.
    • Jean Van Gilder
      Jean Van Gilder on 13 Oct 11
       
      I hate to say it; but we were using formative assessment long before the conference that defined it came about...but we can all work on improvement.
    • Lynne Devaney
      Lynne Devaney on 16 Oct 11
       
      I agree that teachers are (were) very good at using formative assessment. Sometimes I wonder if when the standardized and accountability measures were put in place, teachers stepped away from their good prtactice because someone else was telling them that NCLB was the "real" measurement. Maybe we lost something?
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 18 Oct 11
       
      I like that this definition is to provide evidence. This shows we are really doing it.
  • The process requires the teacher to share learning goals with students and provide opportunities for students to monitor their ongoing progress.
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 17 Jun 11
       
      Again, so important to include the student in the process, which is something that is often overlooked.
    • Linda Hoobin
      Linda Hoobin on 20 Jun 11
       
      With user friendly, clearly stated targets for the students.
    • Sandy Kluver
      Sandy Kluver on 20 Jun 11
       
      Giving students time to reflect and learn about themselves.
    • Kathy Hageman
      Kathy Hageman on 12 Oct 11
       
      It would be appropriate to add one more thought to this sentence: rather than teachers merely sharing learning goals, students should be involved in determining their goals.
    • Pam Buysman
      Pam Buysman on 12 Oct 11
       
      Haven't we learned that using rubrics to share expectations for students aids in learning. I've been learning the SINA process this past week. One of the focuses of the school in this process was making sure students and also parents knew and understood the standards and benchmarks used in their instruction. Sounds like they chose something that will increase student achievement!
    • Jean Van Gilder
      Jean Van Gilder on 13 Oct 11
       
      All important to involve the students; they can't just sit and absorb learning they have to actively particiapate in all facets!
    • Nancy Peterman
      Nancy Peterman on 15 Oct 11
       
      For "experienced" teachers it is a big shift from the teacher-controlled lecture to student-led learning. It is exciting to see the students actively engaged, but hard at first to "facilitate" and utilize the "teachable moments". It requires extra preparation, constantly evaluation of habits, and patience to wait for students to take ownership of the discussions and learning.
    • Gayle Olson
      Gayle Olson on 20 Oct 11
       
      I agree with Kathy - having the students involved in helping to set the learning goals would be great! Either way, having the students clued in to what the learning goals are is a big step to help them sort out the important pieces.
  • Learning progressions describe how concepts and skills build in a domain
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 20 Jun 11
       
      This section makes me think about the Iowa Core and how it really builds from kindergarten. Teachers are often made more aware of how a skill is "built" from the ground up.
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 20 Jun 11
       
      Lori- the Iowa Core needs to be in the front of our thought process! :)
    • Linda Hoobin
      Linda Hoobin on 20 Jun 11
       
      Our biggest Iowa Core question may be, who develops learning progressions. Given the amount of time they take to develop, how can the state/AEAs/LEA work toward accomplishing this very important task?
    • Deb Versteeg
      Deb Versteeg on 13 Jul 11
       
      We have done some learning progression work as a state through some of our state content teams, but much more needs to be done in light of the Iowa Core and a broader audience needs to be involved.
    • Becky Hinze
      Becky Hinze on 14 Oct 11
       
      Learing progressions must be understood by all teachers. Margaret Heritage talks extensively about this being a major problem. If teachers don't understand these progressions, they won't know how to go backwards or forwards if students don't understand or have mastered concepts. IC helps some with this, but not perfectly.
    • Judy Sweetman
      Judy Sweetman on 16 Oct 11
       
      I feel like we barely got started with this process at our last meeting. I hope we spend more time on it, as I feel that learning progressions are an important part of formative assessment, and we may not get the results we want without them.
    • Lynne Devaney
      Lynne Devaney on 16 Oct 11
       
      We have spent a lot of time talking about who should develop learning progressions. In our district we use the phrase "unpacking the standard". We go back and forth. In some cases, it seems as though the teacher and student should own that learning. But sometimes, teachers, particularly in the elementary school where teachers are more generalists, they do not have the depth of content knowledge to develop rigorous learning progressions.
  • Descriptive
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 20 Jun 11
       
      I also think of the word "constructive."
    • terri lamb
      terri lamb on 21 Jun 11
       
      Constructive would be a great addition to this and is implied but should be evident.
  • Helping students think meta-cognitively
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 20 Jun 11
       
      Many points in this article are connected to not only effective formative assessment, but also in the bigger realm of effective instruction.
    • Cindy Blinkinsop
      Cindy Blinkinsop on 20 Jun 11
       
      Totally agree - we need to teach students to intuitively know when and how to use a variety of learning and/or problem solving strategies. Schools need to focus on 1 - 2 strategies in every content area (Cornell Notetaking or Kansas Strategies) so the students really apply every day the learning strategies to help them learn all content, vocabulary, etc.
    • Lisa Buss
      Lisa Buss on 17 Jul 11
       
      Students have to 'see' the value in learning. If they are accountable for their own, it'll have much more meaning to them.
    • Jessica White
      Jessica White on 16 Oct 11
       
      Yes, that metacognition piece is so vital. Students really need to start thinking about their thinking.
    • Gayle Olson
      Gayle Olson on 20 Oct 11
       
      I agree with all of you. Effective instruction means knowing where your students are. Formative assessment is one of the main ways that you know that. It's difficult to imagine truly effective instruction without formative assessment.
  • process used by teachers and students
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 20 Jun 11
       
      I like that students are a part of this process! We need to remember to have them assess themselves and each other as well.
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 25 Jun 11
       
      I agree. When students take ownership of their own learning, there are so many more positive results.
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 29 Jun 11
       
      Thinking of formative assessment as a process is helpful for me. Like the writing process, it needs to become a highly personalized and organic activity for every teacher.
    • Lisa Buss
      Lisa Buss on 17 Jul 11
       
      I agree that it is a process, an on-going instruction that provides feedback. In one of my other classes, there was a lot of discussion about how the Google calendar allows us to use formative assessment and allows us to better know our students. I think the confusion was because they think we have to have a completed project to assess when in reality, all we are assessing is the 'process.'
    • Amy Burns
      Amy Burns on 11 Oct 11
       
      The word "process" should be bold and scream out at us, as a reminder that assessment is not a one-shot deal, yet how often is that the case? We do ourselves and our students a disservice if we base our assessments on a single observavation or task.
    • Cheryl Carruthers
      Cheryl Carruthers on 13 Oct 11
       
      yes, I think of the research process absolutely needing formative assessment embedded throughout the process. Too often, students proceed through a research project, getting all the way through to the final product with no feedback and then both the teacher and the student are disappointed by a poor grade. With formative assessment embedded within the research process, students are given the opportunity to gauge their own progress and success and make adjustments as needed. End result - a positive experience for both teacher and student.
    • Lynne Devaney
      Lynne Devaney on 16 Oct 11
       
      Must agree with others on the use of the word "process". As a district administrator, I often hear about students being over-tested. The possibilities of assessments being used formatively AND/or summatively is a process. Not everyone has made the shift.
    • Kevin McColley
      Kevin McColley on 16 Oct 11
       
      Amy, I love your comment on Google calendar! I truly think you nailed it on the head with your response. Verbatum I agree with you 100% and hope that things start backing the process rather than an assignment.
    • Gary Petersen
      Gary Petersen on 18 Oct 11
       
      I have heard some look at formative assessment as a product or test vs. the broader "interactive process."
  • partners
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 20 Jun 11
       
      Working as partners allows us to model better for our students and they to model for each other.
    • Linda Hoobin
      Linda Hoobin on 20 Jun 11
       
      And the teacher has to work on modeling so that the students can best see how this works. The culture of the classroom is something that must be nutured, it does not always occur naturally.
    • Cindy Blinkinsop
      Cindy Blinkinsop on 20 Jun 11
       
      I have found that teachers do not like to be vulnerable and have someone critique their teaching. The team must first establish trust with the peers they will be working with and understand that it is not to critique but to share ideas for improving teaching and learning for all.
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 27 Jun 11
       
      Collaboration is a difficult thing to create, because it takes the entire crew to effectively do so! 
    • Maryann Angeroth
      Maryann Angeroth on 14 Oct 11
       
      The AIw process has a perfect venue to allow teachers to score each others instruction based on a series of rubrics.
    • Tim Brickley
      Tim Brickley on 17 Oct 11
       
      The trust factor between teachers and students is so important to establish the partnership.  But it is hard to maintain classroom management and show vulnerability.
  • sense of trust between and among students
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 20 Jun 11
       
      This will take time for students to trust each other. What scaffolding steps should teacher take before collaboration can be effective?
    • Cindy Blinkinsop
      Cindy Blinkinsop on 20 Jun 11
       
      The classroom culture is set by the teacher - a place where there is mutual respect, only use positive statements, encourage one another to do and be their best at all times, confront and discuss obstables, and have rules posted for working together so all students know what behavior is exptected of them.
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 25 Jun 11
       
      It is so important to build that trust and sense of teamwork. In choir, it may have been easier to see how we all needed to support and encourage each other, since the end result, the choir sound, included the sum of all members. A complicating, but perhaps helpful factor in a choir is the multiple grade levels represented. I always assign older, more experienced students and mentors for younger students. Most of the time this has worked well to build a team spirit within the group. The students do critique themselves and each other live and through recordings. Emphasis is always placed on encouraging and positive criticisms.
    • lisa rasmussen
      lisa rasmussen on 22 Oct 11
       
      The sense of trust among students must come from a teacher who models this in the classroom on a regular basis.
  • adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve students’ achievement of intended instructional outcomes.
    • Linda Hoobin
      Linda Hoobin on 20 Jun 11
       
      This is what seems to be most often missed--using the feedback to adjust both teaching AND learning.
    • Cindy Blinkinsop
      Cindy Blinkinsop on 20 Jun 11
       
      We've had Lead & Learn out several times over the pasts three years to present to Data Teams. Consultants were assigned to buildings to work one-on-one with building Data Teams as well. It is a new concept for most of us - using data to drive instruction. Through the help of their awesome materials, our Data Team uses their 5 step process to collect and evaluate student data.
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 26 Jun 11
       
      Oh, Cindy! I'm so glad you mentioned those data teams (since we've been trained for the past 3 years). Data really is a key to classroom success...too many teachers just keep teaching even though students are begin left behind. Universities need to do a better job training new teachers how to NOT teach the way we've been teaching for the past century.
    • Nathan Fredericks
      Nathan Fredericks on 12 Oct 11
       
      I whole heartedly agree here. Too often I see this happening. It is amazing have often both teachers and students have been turned into technophobes in classrooms. I still have some students that dread doing things on the computers and all but refuse to do things with technology because they've never done it any other way.
    • Pam Buysman
      Pam Buysman on 12 Oct 11
       
      The word adjust is a huge word in this definition as well. Formative assessesment allows us to make changes in our teaching if what we are doing isn't having the desired result. These past two years I've spent a little time learning about the General Education Plan. If one intervention doesn't work, we need to adjust or change what we're trying. I think this is difficult for teachers as well. We get inpatient and we want to see results sooner rather than later. Yet, we need continue adjusting our instruction using the data to drive our teaching.
    • Becky Hinze
      Becky Hinze on 14 Oct 11
       
      Change instruction...that is what is missing!!!! Not just putting it into the grade book and moving on.
    • Nancy Peterman
      Nancy Peterman on 15 Oct 11
       
      I am in agreement with most on the point in the past teachers see the data, but keep on teaching "to cover the content". We are beginning to recognize the need to change but it requires a change in techniques and mental approach. Similar to letting Standards drive what is taught instead of the lessons identifying which Standards are covered.
    • Judy Sweetman
      Judy Sweetman on 16 Oct 11
       
      If teachers would use the feedback to adjust their instruction, I believe we would have fewer frustrated students! These two parts of the definition--process and using feedback to adjust teaching--are critically important in the whole school improvement process.
    • Gary Petersen
      Gary Petersen on 18 Oct 11
       
      This issue of ongoing adjustment is such a powerful concept.
  • integrated into instruction
    • Linda Hoobin
      Linda Hoobin on 20 Jun 11
       
      My big learning in my study of formative assessment is that it must be planned, even informal assessment must be planned.
    • Sandy Kluver
      Sandy Kluver on 20 Jun 11
       
      I agree. Purposeful teaching leads to better teaching and more learning by students.
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 27 Jun 11
       
      This was an ah-ha for me too. It was during our Every Learner Inquires meetings that I first realized this. I worked with a teacher who write down the key questions he wanted to ask students during the lesson I observed him teaching. He addressed all the questions he had listed. However, just remember that you don't need massive quantiies of quality questions. A few well-thought out questions can go a long way.
    • Deb Versteeg
      Deb Versteeg on 13 Jul 11
       
      Peggy, I appreciated your comment about just needing a few well-thought out questions. As educators we tend to overplan, which is fine, but we need to pull back the reigns when extended questioning etc. just isn't needed for thelearning to occur.
    • Mark McGaffin
      Mark McGaffin on 12 Oct 11
       
      My district has worked extensively with teachers to identify a purpose and the measures we will use to assess their progress.  These key questions can be the measures along with a number of other strategies.  I agree that many teachers over plan, we need to realize it that some students will not get it and that we need to plan for some enrichment opportunities during the lesson.  This will help students stay on track.
    • Pam Buysman
      Pam Buysman on 12 Oct 11
       
      I agree that planning is important. Formative assessment must be a deliberate part of instruction.
    • Becky Hinze
      Becky Hinze on 14 Oct 11
       
      Integrated into instruction.....not taking away from instruction to teach!
    • lisa rasmussen
      lisa rasmussen on 22 Oct 11
       
      It is so important that it be a part of the instruction process, and that students be informed of the importance of their role in this process.
  • the individual students.
    • Judy Sweetman
      Judy Sweetman on 16 Oct 11
       
      And that's where differentiated instruction comes in, as well as differentiated assessment!
  • Because the formative assessment process helps students achieve intended learning outcomes based on explicit learning progressions, teachers must first identify and then communicate the instructional goal to students.
    • Sandy Kluver
      Sandy Kluver on 20 Jun 11
       
      Explicit and communicate are the two words that jumped out at me in this sentence. Teachers need to be explicit and thoughtful with their planning and then students need to know what the intended goals are. It's hard to hit a moving target but if we do these two things our students should have success!
    • terri lamb
      terri lamb on 21 Jun 11
       
      I agree, explicit and communicated expectations and criteria need to be given for the student to reach the intended goals.
    • denise carlson
      denise carlson on 27 Jun 11
       
      In my work I'm frequently puzzled by the number of teachers that do not embrace the importance of clearly communicating expecations to their students
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
      Deena Stanley-Dostart on 14 Oct 11
       
      I also agree that criteria should be clear, otherwise a student does not know what direction they are heading.
    • Tim Brickley
      Tim Brickley on 17 Oct 11
       
      I think that sometimes the criteria and expectations are clear in my head but it is the communication that doesn't always follow through.  This happens to me the first time I assign a project or paper.  I learn after that first time.
  • Students then need time to reflect on the feedback they have received to make changes or improvements.
    • Sandy Kluver
      Sandy Kluver on 20 Jun 11
       
      I think it's easy to hand back our papers with our feedback on it and then we move on to the next topic. But we need to go one step further and ask students to think about how they can improve the assignment based on the feedback. This might just be a quick write to get the students thinking about improving their learning.
    • terri lamb
      terri lamb on 21 Jun 11
       
      I agree, we often don't give time for this and it is an important process.
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 27 Jun 11
       
      I also agree. And if a student hasn't mastered a skill/concept how (and why) would a teacher want to move on to a higher level skill?
    • lisa rasmussen
      lisa rasmussen on 22 Oct 11
       
      An art portfolio with past work shows this growth, but students need to be shown what to look for.
  • about the particular qualities of student learning with discussion or suggestions about what the student can do to improve.
    • terri lamb
      terri lamb on 21 Jun 11
       
      Since improvement is the desired goal in formative assessment, this should be a priority.
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 27 Jun 11
       
      Agree! And "disscussion or suggestions about what the student can do to improve" is key. Too many times students are given non-descriptive feedback and true learning and/or improvement does not occur.
  • that the interpretations reflect the intentions of those who make them (e.g., writers, archaeologists, historians, and filmmakers).
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 25 Jun 11
       
      It is very important to remember that the interpretations of historical facts never happen in a vacuum, but always reflect the worldview of the interpreter. Our students need to learn to research the background of their sources and not just take everything presented to them at face value.
    • Cheryl Carruthers
      Cheryl Carruthers on 13 Oct 11
       
      The American Memory web site (Library of Congress) has many historical artifacts that can be used in such a process. Historical inquiry is so powerful when students are able to make the connections that Deborah mentions above.
  • Where am I going? Where am I now? How can I close the gap?
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 25 Jun 11
       
      Nice, concise questions for us to keep in mind as we plan objectives, goals, and formative assessment of the same.
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 27 Jun 11
       
      These are great questions! Sort of like the 'so what and who cares' questions I keep in mind when planning curriculum. Why am I teaching this and how will my students use it?
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 29 Jun 11
       
      These are awesome questions. I might have to make some posters!
    • Pam Buysman
      Pam Buysman on 13 Oct 11
       
      I agree that these are wonderful questions for anyone attempting to reach a goal. These questions are useful not only for feedback from a teacher but also provide a structure for student reflection
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 26 Jun 11
       
      We must respect our students and involve them in all of the past mysteries regarding teaching and learning. It should not be an I/you situation--"we" is the pronoun of choice for classroom success.
  • However, for students to be actively and successfully involved in their own learning, they must feel that they are bona fide partners in the learning process.
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 26 Jun 11
       
      Too often we use "I" and "you" when we should be using "we."
    • Gary Petersen
      Gary Petersen on 18 Oct 11
       
      This principle of being partners seems to start with the respect and trust of each role, (i.e., instructor and learner) in the assesssment process. If the process is interactive, then the teacher will be both instructor and learner as well as the student being instructor (during constructive feedback to the teacher) and learner.
    • Gayle Olson
      Gayle Olson on 20 Oct 11
       
      This is such a short paragraph with so many critical pieces in it! So much of what we know about how social/emotional factors impact learning gets shoved to the back of the agenda under the pressures of better test scores, etc., when it makes all the difference in the world, for exactly the reasons listed here.
    • lisa rasmussen
      lisa rasmussen on 22 Oct 11
       
      The person who has the biggest investment in the student's learning is the student. Students who understand this have the best outcome as life-long learners.
  • by realistic examples of those that meet and do not meet the criteria.
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 27 Jun 11
       
      Like the emphasis on not only examples, but also non-examples. So important when teaching moving away from concrete to more abstract concepts (e.g., strengths and weaknesses of arguments). Along with discussion of the "whys" and "why nots".
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 29 Jun 11
       
      I sometimes use a college writing textbook with my students because every chapter has "professional" examples of the topic followed by two essays written by college freshmen. My "gifted and talented" students quite often attack the more realistic student essays. I have had some of the most interesting discussions as I push students to fairly and honestly identify the good qualities and areas still to improve in their own writing and in the writing of others.
  • Sharing learning goals and criteria for success with students, support
  • nvolving students
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 27 Jun 11
       
      Involvement--getting students to talk about what matters to them...how are they going to apply the lesson...asking them what else they might want to know1
  • appreciation of differences
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 27 Jun 11
       
      Showing students you appreciate their differences is a personality trait some teachers have more of than others. Cultivating this acceptance can improve the culture and climate of the classroom, and sometimes teachers can encourage with success, this trait in other teachers.
  • The teacher might first offer students a paraphrased version of that goal such as
  • n self-assessment, students reflect on and monitor their learning using clearly explicated criteria for success.
    • Lisa Buss
      Lisa Buss on 17 Jul 11
       
      Students learn best when they are responsible for their own learning.
  • Using the evidence elicited from such tasks connected to the goals of the progression, a teacher could identify the “just right gap” – a growth point in learning that involves a step that is neither too large nor too small – and make adjustments to instruction accordingly.
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 29 Jun 11
       
      This reminds me of the British expression "Mind the gap." This is a compelling argument, but I wonder about the simplicity of application. Is it feasible for a teacher to give "frequent feedback" of such a high quality that s/he is making sure that every students is in his/her zone of proximal development and then adjusting instruction accordingly. If teachers are to move away from industrialized models of education, then changes in the learning environment need to occur as well. I'm feeling like a Detroit auto executive in the late 1980s.
  • However, student- and peer-assessment should not be used in the formal grading process.
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 29 Jun 11
       
      Should teachers ever grade peer feedback? Students flock around Student A because she gives in-depth and insightful comments to their work. Student B finds to comma errors and tells his single partner that the essay is "good." Should these students be evaluated? Should they evaluate themselves? Or is this just punishing them with rewards? (I can't think of the title that I'm attempting to steal here.)
  • In this type of classroom culture, students will more likely feel they are collaborators with their teacher and peers in the learning process.
    • Jean Van Gilder
      Jean Van Gilder on 13 Oct 11
       
      I like the word collaborators used in describing the students in what we are working toward for all classrooms.
  • n addition to teacher feedback, when students and their peers are involved there are many more opportunities to share and receive feedback.
    • Amy Burns
      Amy Burns on 11 Oct 11
       
      I think we leave peer and self-assessment behind in the quest to accomplish all that is required in a 45 minute class period. There are so many online tools and formats that might fill the need for increased peer and self-assessment. Why not encourage backchannel reflections during a presentation? A site such as http://www.chatzy.com/advanced.htm might be one way for this to be accomplished.
    • Kathy Hageman
      Kathy Hageman on 12 Oct 11
       
      Do you like Chatzy better than TodaysMeet?
  • in an eighth grade writing class the students are learning how to construct an argument. They are focusing specifically on speech-writing and have examined several effective speeches, both from prominent speech-makers in history and from previous years’ eighth grade students.
    • Joletta Yoder
      Joletta Yoder on 11 Oct 11
       
      Like this lesson idea. I wonder what speeches they are listening to or viewing. I wonder how one can get these to share in class.
  • What can you do to improve or strengthen your opening paragraph?”
    • Joletta Yoder
      Joletta Yoder on 11 Oct 11
       
      This is a great way to give feeback on a weak element in writing because it causes interaction with the student, dialogue, reflection, and revision. One can be sure that with this simple question the student will revise and, in turn, grow as a writer.
    • Natalie Smithhart
      Natalie Smithhart on 14 Oct 11
       
      I agree, this is a great questin for students to think about their work and revise it on thier own, without being told what to write.
  • purposefully planned
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 18 Oct 11
       
      The key si PLANNED, not just incidental
  • In addition to communicating the nature of the instructional goal, teachers must provide the criteria by which learning will be assessed so that students will know whether they are successfully progressing toward the goal. This information should be communicated using language readily understood by students
    • Kathy Hageman
      Kathy Hageman on 12 Oct 11
       
      This section brings to mind last week's discussion of rubrics - clear expectations expressed in student-friendly language. While I think of rubrics as guides for students, I also think of them as summative assessment tools. Is there a blurring of summative and formative assessment?
    • Lynne Devaney
      Lynne Devaney on 16 Oct 11
       
      I think they can be blurred. Once the purpose of an assessment is identified, it can be used a number of different ways. ITBS can be formative if data is examined with a formative task in mind just as much as it can be summative. Not?
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 18 Oct 11
       
      Sometimes criteria is better than a rubric.
  • Learning goals and criteria for success should be clearly identified
  • 4. Self- and Peer-Assessment: Both self- and peer-assessment are important for providing students an opportunity to think meta-cognitively about their learning.
  • close the gap between students’ current understanding and the desired goals
  • goals
  • goals
  • goals
    • Nathan Fredericks
      Nathan Fredericks on 12 Oct 11
       
      I definitely think this is very important to look at in the big picture. There are school SMART goals that need reached as well as individual student goals. The two cannot be mutually exclusive and too often they are thought to be so.
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 16 Oct 11
       
      It should say best used by educators AND LEARNERS, since it is all about how students learn, as well as, how we teach
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 16 Oct 11
       
      and used by students, too.
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 16 Oct 11
       
      Students are also important
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 16 Oct 11
       
      Students are also important
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 16 Oct 11
       
      The importance of students is not mentioned
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 16 Oct 11
       
      Students are important also.
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 16 Oct 11
       
      Studetn involvement is important
    • Lynne Devaney
      Lynne Devaney on 17 Oct 11
       
      Students are important.
  • instruction. A second important part of the definition is its unequivocal requirement that the formative assessment process involve both teachers
  • There are five attributes that have been identified from the literature as critical features of effective formative assessment
    • Lynne Devaney
      Lynne Devaney on 16 Oct 11
       
      This outline of 5 attributes is very powerful! Easy for any teacher to get their hands around this. I could see PLCs spenind an entire year talking about even on eor two of these or a principal developing walk-through with these. Thanks for including this article in our reading.
  • To support both self- and peer-assessment, the teacher must provide structure and support so students learn to be reflective of their own work and that of their peers, allowing them to provide meaningful and constructive feedback.
    • Kathy Hageman
      Kathy Hageman on 12 Oct 11
       
      A former colleague had her students use MovieMaker to record messages to their parents for conferences. She reported that students were thoughtful and sincere as they described accomplishments as well as goal areas.
    • Gary Petersen
      Gary Petersen on 18 Oct 11
       
      Students are not automatically reflective. Providing support and feedback to the student on how they are utilizing formative assessment makes sense.
    • Nathan Fredericks
      Nathan Fredericks on 12 Oct 11
       
      I think it is important to make sure that students have the structure and organization necessary to help assist their learning. The management piece of this cannot be forgotten.
  • students can be encouraged to be self-reflective by thinking about their own work based on what they learned from giving feedback to others
    • Kathy Hageman
      Kathy Hageman on 12 Oct 11
       
      Perhaps this would help students learn to provide better feedback to peers. Even after teacher modeling, many students have difficulty moving beyond superficial compliments to provide thoughtful, constructive comments.
    • Jean Van Gilder
      Jean Van Gilder on 13 Oct 11
       
      This does take alot of practice for students.
  • two stars and a wish
    • Natalie Smithhart
      Natalie Smithhart on 12 Oct 11
       
      I like this idea! It seems like a good (friendly and safe) way for peers to evaluate each other. Since each student is required to give a "wish" nobdy should get upset about providing or receiving a suggestion for improvment.
    • Pam Buysman
      Pam Buysman on 13 Oct 11
       
      I like this as well. Phrasing can be so important. This puts everything in a very positive light. Instead of this is what you did wrong, the wish looks at what you could do better. The outcome is the same, however.
    • Judy Sweetman
      Judy Sweetman on 16 Oct 11
       
      I have seen this in action before, and it really does help the feedback to be constructive and not offensive.
  • non-threatening environment
    • Natalie Smithhart
      Natalie Smithhart on 12 Oct 11
       
      I like this part best! As early childhood teachers we understand the importance of a "safe" learning environmnet. Children need to feel secure in thier environment in order to be able to give and accept feedback and learn to the best of thier abilities! :)
    • Maryann Angeroth
      Maryann Angeroth on 14 Oct 11
       
      Have we taught students that feedback is punative and not for encouragement and to extend the learning/
    • Judy Sweetman
      Judy Sweetman on 16 Oct 11
       
      I agree that this has to be established, first. I often encourage teachers to take those first couple of weeks of school to establish that atmosphere of trust--not just between the teacher and students, but also between students and students. Then the focus can be on learning!
  • Formative assessment is not an adjunct to teaching
    • Pam Buysman
      Pam Buysman on 12 Oct 11
       
      Formative assessment is essential to learning. It's something that is NOT supplementary or something that might be nice to do. Formative assessment imust be part of teaching and learning. Yet as I consider my educational career, it seems that formative assessment has become a buzz word in education only relatively recently. As we continue to look at ways to increase student achievement, formative assessment is something that needs to become a permanent part of our "educational vocabulary."
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 18 Oct 11
       
      It is part of teaching, and has been, but it is an important new focus, and is being explained more explicitly than ever before.
  • they monitor and take responsibility for their own learning
    • Judy Griffin
      Judy Griffin on 13 Oct 11
       
      Students have to take ownership of their learning, and learn to monitor themselves. It's hard for teachers to let go of the reins!
    • Jean Van Gilder
      Jean Van Gilder on 13 Oct 11
       
      I agree that is one of the most difficult things; as we like to be in total control.
    • Maryann Angeroth
      Maryann Angeroth on 14 Oct 11
       
      Maybe it is time to let the students do the heavy lifting.
  • should avoid comparisons with other pupils
    • Judy Sweetman
      Judy Sweetman on 16 Oct 11
       
      This is a really important statement, as I still remember being compared (not favorably) to other students in front of the entire class when in 6th grade.
    • Kevin McColley
      Kevin McColley on 16 Oct 11
       
      Too often I see kids comparing themself to their peers and if we can get away from this and focus on an assessment that underlines what the individual child is doing and improving off of year-to-year showing this to the student hopefully they will get a sense of fulfillment in knowing their is growth in their cognitive development.
  • teachers and students receiving frequent feedback
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
      Deena Stanley-Dostart on 14 Oct 11
       
      Sometimes feedback has a tendency to be one sided. It is good to see that both teacher and student should have feedback so that both can adjust.
    • David Olson
      David Olson on 16 Oct 11
       
      This two way feedback is really an enhancement of the Madeleine Hunter model and goes beyond just the teacher checking for understanding.
    • Jessica White
      Jessica White on 16 Oct 11
       
      I like that it is stated that formative assessment is not an adjunct to learning, but integrated. It is part of our instructional process.
  • the teacher clarifies the goal for the student, provides specific information about where the student is in relation to meeting the criteria,
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
      Deena Stanley-Dostart on 14 Oct 11
       
      Just saying "good job" or "needs work" does not help a student. Specifics are important.
  • their responsibility and that they can take an active role in planning, monitoring, and evaluating their own progress
    • Deena Stanley-Dostart
      Deena Stanley-Dostart on 14 Oct 11
       
      I think that this ties in with a student centered classroom. Students are responsible for their learning and not just relying on the teacher to be the sole provider of feedback.
  • For example, students can work in pairs to review each other’s work to give feedback.
    • Natalie Smithhart
      Natalie Smithhart on 14 Oct 11
       
      I like this idea, students can learn a lot from providing postive or constructive feedback for their peers. I would think it also helps them improve their own writing when they learn ideas from their peers.
    • lisa rasmussen
      lisa rasmussen on 22 Oct 11
       
      I agree. With the teacher's guidance this is one of the best learning environments.
  • determine how formative assessment may best be used by the nation’s educators.
    • Nancy Peterman
      Nancy Peterman on 15 Oct 11
       
      This states "best used by" tells me that it should be a useful tool that reduces the daily tasks of the classroom teacher and not documentation tasks that sit on the bookshelf.
  • informal observations
    • Judy Sweetman
      Judy Sweetman on 16 Oct 11
       
      Often the informal observations yield just as much information as the purposefully planned techniques. Walking around small groups and jotting down snippets of conversation gives a lot of information.
  • In the year following, the FAST SCASS and FA Advisory Group isolated the attributes that, based on the research and current literature, would render formative assessment most effective.
    • Lynne Devaney
      Lynne Devaney on 16 Oct 11
       
      Our district has been working with AfL for several years, but I have not had the opportunity to read this article before. It is great! Great synthesis and easily difenstible. Would love to (and intend to) use with principals and teachers.
  • itions of formative assessment and related research. The FA Advisory Group and FAST SCASS devoted substantial effort to clarify the meaning of “fo
  • the individual teacher
  • evidence
  • A teacher needs to have modeled good feedback
  • sufficient detail
    • Gary Petersen
      Gary Petersen on 18 Oct 11
       
      I often wonder how much I miss in my instruction or learning due to not enough specificity in many areas of the process. For examle, are the learning outcomes stated in enough detail; do the assessments provide enough detail, etc.?
  • They are able to connect formative assessment opportunities to the short-term goals to keep track of how well their students’ learning is moving forward.
    • Gayle Olson
      Gayle Olson on 20 Oct 11
       
      I think this is important for the students to know, also. Some learning styles have a difficult time learning one piece unless they can see how it fits into the bigger picture. Helping the students understand how the short term goals all fit together would be so helpful for these students. And formative assessment is a great way for both teacher and student to make sure they are on track.
  • through pictures, plays, films, reconstructions, museum displays, and fiction and nonfiction accounts
    • lisa rasmussen
      lisa rasmussen on 22 Oct 11
       
      These creative activities for students use so many excellent questioning techniques as students compare and contrast, and in the evaluation and synthesis of ideas.
Cari Teske

Gale and Google Partner to Improve Learning | GetMedia - 2 views

getmedia.blogs.aea267.k12.ia.us/...le-partner-to-improve-learning

moodle_iowa ollie_iowa gale google partner

shared by Cari Teske on 01 Jun 16 - No Cached
  • Cari Teske on 01 Jun 16
     
    This page provides information on how to use Gale and Google collaboratively. There is nice video that shows how to move articles into your Google Drive.
Peggy Steinbronn

ollie4_1: Article: Attributes from Effective Formative Assessment (CCSSO) - 1 views

moodle.aeapdonline.org/...view.php

shared by Peggy Steinbronn on 25 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Formative assessment is a process used by teachers and students during instruction that provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve students’ achievement of intended instructional outcomes.
    • Kay Durfey
      Kay Durfey on 25 Jun 12
       
      I can get on board with this definition!
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 26 Jun 12
       
      Yes, I agree. I cannot imagine how many hours went into this one short sentence. :)
    • Aaron Evans
      Aaron Evans on 28 Jun 12
       
      Agreed. We had to do this for an Iowa Core training and it was a lot harder than it looked.
  • Learning Goals and Criteria for Success: Learning goals and criteria for success should be clearly identified and communicated to students.
    • Kay Durfey
      Kay Durfey on 25 Jun 12
       
      I think this is an area that has gotten a lot of attention in the last five years, and teachers have become more efficient at this.
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 26 Jun 12
       
      We have been working on this as well. I hope students see why we are doing it. I remember asking a geometry teacher when will I ever use this or why are we doing it. He never did answer me, and I was already confused by the subject. It may have helped me to know why we were doing it.
    • kangas
      kangas on 30 Jun 12
       
      I try to give my students a unit plan/overview at the start of the unit, that lists my goals, the activities we are going to do and a tentative schedule. As we get to projects/assessments, we've already practiced skills and work on fine tuning the rubric together. I hope they are able to see how things fit together but, I am not always sure they get why they need to retain the knowledge for future use. Foreign Language requires you to use prior knowledge of Spanish and English Grammar. This year we will add the references to the national foreign language standards and competency based grading to the mix. Should be interesting action research.
    • Lisa Jacobs
      Lisa Jacobs on 02 Jul 12
       
      Yes, teachers need to be very clear about learning goals and success criteria. A part of our Gradual Release classroom walk throughs including interviewing students to see if they can state in their own words what they are learning.
  • Descriptive Feedback: Students should be provided with evidence-based feedback that is linked to the intended instructional outcomes and criteria for success.
    • Kay Durfey
      Kay Durfey on 25 Jun 12
       
      Specific and evidence-based feedback is most effective for everyone involved.
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 26 Jun 12
       
      It is the biggest bang for the buck to improve learning compared to any other strategy. This does need to be our focus.
    • Bob Pauk
      Bob Pauk on 26 Jun 12
       
      I agree that this should be our focus. Unfortunately this is more time consuming so for many teachers this can get put on the back burner.
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • The primary purpose of the formative assessment process, as conceived in this definition, is to provide evidence that is used by teachers and students to inform instruction and learning during the teaching/learning process.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 26 Jun 12
       
      This makes such perfect sense and sounds like it would be so easy.
    • kangas
      kangas on 30 Jun 12
       
      Using google forms and the flubaroo script (add-in) makes quick feedback an easy part of my class. 10 quick questions on the iPad and feedback almost immediately. I wait until everyone is done then send it to them. Then we can look at it again as a whole group.
    • Lisa Jacobs
      Lisa Jacobs on 02 Jul 12
       
      It seems important to me that the evidence is for both students AND teachers.
    • Peggy Steinbronn
      Peggy Steinbronn on 10 Jul 12
       
      Thanks for sharing about the Google add-in, flubaroo. It seems like it provides quick, easy feedback that would be useful to students.
  • The students must be actively involved in the systematic process intended to improve their learning. The process requires the teacher to share learning goals with students and provide opportunities for students to monitor their ongoing progress.
    • Bob Pauk
      Bob Pauk on 26 Jun 12
       
      I think too often we do not involve the students in even formative assessment. A test, quiz or any other assessment is usually seen by the student as something that is done to them. The teacher gives it to them, grades it and show the grade, rather than it being more of a cooperative project involving both student and teacher with the clear goal of finding out what is being learned in order to improve future learning opportunitites.
    • Aaron Evans
      Aaron Evans on 28 Jun 12
       
      This goes back to the argument of how and why we grade. Why do students expect a grade for everything they do? Because we, as teachers and society, have taught them that the grade is important. Lost in that approach was the idea that the learning is the important aspect of school.
    • kangas
      kangas on 30 Jun 12
       
      I had students tell me that they don't try as hard if it is not graded. So I tell them everything is graded (some is completion, some is accuracy. If it's going to be like the real world/a job, all the things you do are looked at in your performance review, not just one assignment/project. It shows me a lot about work ethic and accountability for my own learning if they don't take the activities seriously. Some are meant to be fun, but they are also educational and chosen for a purpose.
    • Lisa Jacobs
      Lisa Jacobs on 02 Jul 12
       
      Good point comparing quality school work to job performance. In the world of work, each day contributes to a person's performance evaluation.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 26 Jun 12
       
      This seems to be a part that is skipped sometimes. Teacher are actively involved in formative assessments, but are kids always involved? Do the kids know when they need further instruction or reteaching?
  • Helping students think meta-cognitively about their own learning fosters the idea that learning is their responsibility and that they can take an active role in planning, monitoring, and evaluating their own progress.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 26 Jun 12
       
      This sometimes seems like the hardest part to me - getting kids to realize that they are responsible for their own learning. Sometimes students want to take a more passive role and it becomes quite a challenge to engage and motivate them to become active participants.
    • Aaron Evans
      Aaron Evans on 28 Jun 12
       
      Agree! Especially second semester of senior year!
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 29 Jun 12
       
      I do not feel that education has done a great job of making learning relevant to THEIR lives. I am hopeful the Core will push us to give projects, assessments, etc. where the kids see their connection (relevant now- not when they are 25) to the world & learning- not just something a teacher assigns.
    • A Hughes
      A Hughes on 29 Jun 12
       
      I went to the AEA 11 TIC/TOC presentation on Project Based learning. It was eye opening to see teachers really challenging their students with a project. I do know some students that just want the easy grade of an objective test instead of projects.
  • Descriptive feedback should be about the particular qualities of student learning with discussion or suggestions about what the student can do to improve. It should avoid comparisons with other pupils
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 26 Jun 12
       
      This is a big statement. It requires a solid rubric, checklist, or whatever the assessment may be in order to have students see exactly what they did and keep us from comparing it to other students.
    • Aaron Evans
      Aaron Evans on 28 Jun 12
       
      I think that with the grade removed, the ease (and temptation) to compare students to each other is reduced. Summative assessments for a grade almost mandates comparisons since you have to rank students, either to each other or to a pre-existing scale. Providing feedback for each individual to do better doesn't have this built in competitive dimension.
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 26 Jun 12
       
      I did this in the writing process. It was difficult for students but powerful. I know now that I needed to model what suggestions for improvements & positives looked like besides, "spell better" or "it was good."
  • there is clearly no one best way to carry out formative assessment.
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 26 Jun 12
       
      And this is what making teaching so difficult yet makes it so awesome at the same time.
    • keri bass
      keri bass on 01 Jul 12
       
      I think this also supports the idea that you need to vary the assessment as well to make sure that an accurate picture of the the students' learning is assessed.
  • In peer-assessment, students analyze each others’ work using guidelines or rubrics and provide descriptive feedback that supports continued improvement.
    • A Hughes
      A Hughes on 29 Jun 12
       
      How does the teacher get the students to give positive descriptive feedback? I would be concerned that students would just give their friends the "ok you did great" kind of feedback.
    • kangas
      kangas on 30 Jun 12
       
      I think that this is particularly challenging in foreign language, where students are still acquiring skills of writing. To do this effectively, I think you need to scaffold it, and then have the student look at his/her work with a definitive list of criteria and then have a peer look at it with the same list and ultimately have them compare it. I am not sure how to account for kids who don't have the skills to do the task....
  • Formative assessment is not an adjunct to teaching but, rather, integrated into instruction and learning with teachers and students receiving frequent feedback.
    • Aaron Evans
      Aaron Evans on 28 Jun 12
       
      This is the important part for teachers to understand. We often think, or hear other complain, about every new idea being somethign new added to their workload. This is actually a purposeful planning of many concepts that you already employ, just being used for a more structured and planned purpose.
  • Collaboration: A classroom culture in which teachers and students are partners in le
    • A Hughes
      A Hughes on 29 Jun 12
       
      Collaboration between the teacher and students takes time to establish. As a librarian, this is extremely difficult for me to do. I drop in and collaborate with the classroom teacher for a short lesson.
  • teachers must provide the criteria by which learning will be assessed so that students will know whether they are successfully progressing toward the goal
    • jquandahl
      jquandahl on 30 Jun 12
       
      This is such an important point. Teachers and students need to be "on the same page" - understanding where they they are going, why, and how they will get there.
  • A teacher needs to have modeled good feedback with students and talked about what acceptable and unacceptable comments look like in order to have created a safe learning environment.
    • jquandahl
      jquandahl on 30 Jun 12
       
      Another important thing to remember. Sometimes, as teachers, we can lose sight of how important it is to MODEL MODEL MODEL in order for students to truly understand and be successful.
  • formative assessment be regarded as a process rather than a particular kind of assessment.
    • keri bass
      keri bass on 01 Jul 12
       
      I like that it repeats the importance of the process here. I noticed that in the official definition it does not mention a means of ranking students, but rather a process intended to improve student achievement. I think too much emphasis gets place on the grade by both students and the teacher and not enough emphasis on the learning.
    • Peggy Steinbronn
      Peggy Steinbronn on 10 Jul 12
       
      I agree with your comment about emphasis on the grade--parents seem to be in the same "boat". How can we get that turned around?
  • A further benefit of providing feedback to a peer is that it can help deepen the student’s own learning. However, student- and peer-assessment should not be used in the formal grading process.
    • keri bass
      keri bass on 01 Jul 12
       
      While I believe that teaching the subject encourages deeper understanding, the counselor me is more cautious about the potential harm in pairing the wrong students. I think it would be imperative to choose the right partners to insure optimal learning.
  • feedback
  • However, for students to be actively and successfully involved in their own learning, they must feel that they are bona fide partners in the learning process. This feeling is dependent on a classroom culture characterized by a sense of trust between and among students and their teachers; by norms of respect, transparency, and appreciation of differences; and by a non-threatening environment.
emmeyer

ollie-afe-2018: Article: Attributes from Effective Formative Assessment (CCSSO) - 4 views

moodlesw.aealearningonline.org/...view.php

shared by emmeyer on 04 Feb 18 - No Cached
  • there are a number of formative assessment strategies that can be implemented during classroom instruction
    • jhazelton11
      jhazelton11 on 04 Feb 18
       
      technology has made access to formative assessments easier (in my opinion) because once they are created.... they are usually there forever
    • carlarwall
      carlarwall on 10 Feb 18
       
      There are so many strategies that teachers can use to formatively assess. Some can be more informal than others, but they provide great insight into supporting teachers with the planning of their next steps.
  • The students must be actively involved in the systematic process intended to improve their learning.
    • jhazelton11
      jhazelton11 on 04 Feb 18
       
      This can be a challenging concept to teach, especially to high schoolers--- that they need to take part of their own responsibility in learning
    • bbraack
      bbraack on 04 Feb 18
       
      I agree that students do need to take responsibility in their own learning. Many times high school students don't do this, they just do the work asked and it is up to the teacher to do all the work in order for them to learn or understand.
    • trgriffin1
      trgriffin1 on 11 Feb 18
       
      I have not personally done this, but data notebooks are a great example of this. I have students reflect on scores but I have not asked them to keep a notebook or journal.
    • blockerl
      blockerl on 13 Feb 18
       
      Yes! We struggle so much getting students to self edit their papers. However, it is important for them to review what they have written and improve their skills. The more we can encourage students to do this the better.
  • With this kind of descriptive feedback and collaboration, the teacher clarifies the goal for the student, provides specific information about where the student is in relation to meeting the criteria, and offers enough substantive information to allow the student an opportunity to identify ways to move learning forward
    • jhazelton11
      jhazelton11 on 04 Feb 18
       
      I know that often times teacher build in stepping-stones (formative feedback) to give students feedback on larger writings or projects along the way. What happens when kids don't turn these rough drafts in on time, though?
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 12 Feb 18
       
      That is a great point. Some of my LA teachers "assign" a copy to every student in Google Classroom - this way they can monitor the student work as it is being completed. Many give feedback throughout the process and are able to catch issues and help students to fix them before the rough draft is turned in. Is it perfect - far from it - but students are getting more timely feedback.
  • ...64 more annotations...
  • To support both self- and peer-assessment, the teacher must provide structure and support so students learn to be reflective of their own work and that of their peers, allowing them to provide meaningful and constructive feedback.
    • jhazelton11
      jhazelton11 on 04 Feb 18
       
      I like the idea of having students create the rubric that they will assess with- it gives them buy in and ownership, plus makes them understand the expectations more clearly
  • In this type of classroom culture, students will more likely feel they are collaborators with their teacher and peers in the learning process.
    • jhazelton11
      jhazelton11 on 04 Feb 18
       
      I worry about creating this type of collaborative culture online... I know there are plenty of tools, but I'm worried it won't "feel" the same.
    • trgriffin1
      trgriffin1 on 11 Feb 18
       
      In my opinion, a key part of creating this collaborative feel is to make sure students feel like part owners in the process. They need to feel like the learning is something they are doing instead of being done to them. The potential for handing off control in the online class is greater because a student is independent, however the challenge for the teacher is to make sure the student doesn't feel along.
  • classroom culture
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 04 Feb 18
       
      This is one of the most important aspects of teaching to me after knowledge of content.  Students and staff should feel safe, respect for others, acknowledge and celebrate our diversity, consistency, and honesty. Falsifying test results, assessments with purposeful trick questions, and threats over scores is very disturbing.  These things should not happen if the classroom culture matters to the teacher.
  • A further benefit of providing feedback to a peer is that it can help deepen the student’s own learning.
  • further
  • A further benefit of providing feedback to a peer is that it can help deepen the student’s own learning.
  • further
  • A further benefit of providing feedback to a peer is that it can help deepen the student’s own learning.
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 04 Feb 18
       
      I agree that peer feedback can deepen the student's learning.  But I also know from experience it won't have the desired outcome without participants taking the exercise seriously.  They need to find value in helping others and listening to critiques.
  • constructive feedback
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 04 Feb 18
       
      Constructive feedback needs to be modeled by the teacher for students to do this successfully.  Professional development refreshers and training may need to be provided for teachers to attend.
    • staudtt
      staudtt on 07 Feb 18
       
      I do like that there are many ways to do this now. Google Docs has made this easy with commenting. Of course we can use Diigo to. There are also several voice and video tools to use too.
    • blockerl
      blockerl on 13 Feb 18
       
      I agree that refreshers and training needs to happen for this time of constructive feedback. This would be a great PD for curricular area professional developments.
  • It should help the student answer three basic questions: Where am I going? Where am I now? How can I close the gap?
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 04 Feb 18
       
      I appreciate McManus' statement that descriptive feedback should relate to these three questions.  Rubrics can also help the student know where they are going.  Learning progressions can help the teacher assess where the student is presently.  Descriptive feedback can be given frequently to help the student know how to close the gap.  
    • staudtt
      staudtt on 07 Feb 18
       
      This is a great way to break down the process. Sometimes with time constraints of classes and the school day it can be tough to do effectively with students. But for the really important "stuff" this is a great process.
    • carlarwall
      carlarwall on 10 Feb 18
       
      I really appreciate these three basic questions. They can be used for teachers as they look at student work and plan and they can also be used for students in their reflection process.
  • It should avoid comparisons with other pupils
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 04 Feb 18
       
      McManus mentions how important it is not to compare the work to other students.  This should be a golden rule, one not to be forgotten.  
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 06 Feb 18
       
      Agreed. Giving specific feedback on only that students work is critical. Learning is then more individualized and not compared.
  • One key feature of this definition is its requirement that formative assessment be regarded as a process rather than a particular kind of assessment.
    • bbraack
      bbraack on 04 Feb 18
       
      I think at first many times formative assessment was looked at as having to have some type of quiz or quizzes during the unit to say that they were given to the students. I think more teachers are now realizing that it is a "process" to help the students learn and understand and not just something the teacher has to give during the unit.
    • jwalt15
      jwalt15 on 13 Feb 18
       
      I agree with Bryan. At first, I believed that formative assessment was referring to quizzes given during a unit to determine a final grade. I now understand that it is a process for teachers and students to reflect on their instruction or work during the learning process. It is a tool that is a more powerful indicator of the learning that is or isn't taking place and allows for adjustments in instruction.
  • the teacher listens for the rules or properties in the explanations, and this becomes the focus of her feedback.
    • bbraack
      bbraack on 04 Feb 18
       
      Listening to students or discussing with them is a good way to assess whether a student knows the information, concept or procedure. Formative assessment doesn't always have to be a quiz that is graded, it can be talking to the student and discussing their progress.
    • dassom
      dassom on 13 Feb 18
       
      I huge mindshift as a math teacher is that sometimes it's not about actually solving the problem but being able to explain how to solve the problem. When you get into high level math basic computation errors can mess up a whole problem. It the problem were adjusted to explain the process the basic mathematical computations would be eliminated from assessing student understanding.
    • Jen Van Fleet
      Jen Van Fleet on 14 Feb 18
       
      I love this. Art standards and instruction is also being focused more on the process rather than solely on the product. Totally different set of values and viewpoints.
  • students can work in pairs to review each other’s work to give feedback. A teacher needs to have modeled good feedback with students and talked about what acceptable and unacceptable comments look like in order to have created a safe learning environment.
    • bbraack
      bbraack on 04 Feb 18
       
      Peer review using a rubric or guidelines will help in showing both students what is important and that the student that is reviewing isn't just making things up and trying to be critical. Having the teacher model the behavior and show what is acceptable and unacceptable is important because students don't necessarily know how to do this and might not feel their is a safe learning environment.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 12 Feb 18
       
      This is a great way to use peer review. If the students know the rubric expectations and then can break off into smaller groups to do the more specific peer reviews. Having the teacher go over the rubric first and then modeling what the peer review looks like gives the students a sound foundation.
  • nstruction so that necessary instructional adjustments can be made to close the gap between students’ current understanding and the desired goals
    • hansenn
      hansenn on 06 Feb 18
       
      he results could be that some students have learned the material and some need more time to learn. The teacher would then have to develop a plane to assist the students that need more time and how to extend the learning for students who have already learned the objective.
  • provide opportunities for students to monitor their ongoing progress.
    • hansenn
      hansenn on 06 Feb 18
       
      I have seen teachers use student monitored formative assessments where students will rate their own learning from a 1 -10. One teacher used different colored cups to rate their own learning. Students would put a green cup out if they understand and a red cup if they did not
    • dykstras
      dykstras on 06 Feb 18
       
      I commented on this above. Simply telling the students where they are in the learning process, while important, is not enough. The students need to take ownership of their learning. i used a similar activity Noel, where students rated their learning 1-4 on a google form and i used that data to form small groups the next day. I experienced mixed results as the students eventually just started giving themselves 3s and 4s to avoid small group work.
    • staudtt
      staudtt on 07 Feb 18
       
      I have not done this very well as an educator and appreciate the feedback. The key to me would be would students be truly honest with their self evaluations. Sometimes it seems the kids that struggle the most for me are looking for the easy way out.
    • lisamsuya
      lisamsuya on 09 Feb 18
       
      That's interesting, but it makes sense that most students knowing that their rating would mean small work instruction would start claiming they were fine. So, it makes me think that actual checks on the skill itself are needed to really determine understanding.
    • carlarwall
      carlarwall on 10 Feb 18
       
      I think as teachers we need to use a combination of student self reflection and teacher evidence as our guide for helping students to move forward.
    • dassom
      dassom on 13 Feb 18
       
      I still struggle with this element when assessing students. I may giv the may give them a quick exit ticket to see what I need to change but never give them feedback on how they did. In our learning about rubric it might actually help the kids set some personal goals to improve and I need to be better about this. I think it's important that the students be involved in determine what are the appropriate next steps whenever possible.
  • instructional goal to students.
    • hansenn
      hansenn on 06 Feb 18
       
      Students should always know the objective of the lesson and why it is important for them to learn it. They cannot monitor their progress if they do not know the goal.
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      This is a reason why learning targets are so important and need to be explained and up for students to see in the classroom.
    • tifinif
      tifinif on 14 Feb 18
       
      Agreed to both! Do parents ever see these learning targets? That again would be helpful with communication so that everyone is on the same page.
    • Jen Van Fleet
      Jen Van Fleet on 14 Feb 18
       
      One of my favorite things to do in a classroom is ask a student what he/she is learning at that time. You know right away whether a teacher is identifying/posting/reiterating/supporting learning targets if the student can articulate the goals of their learning.
  • They are able to connect formative assessment opportunities to the short-term goals to keep track of how well their students’ learning is moving forward.
    • hansenn
      hansenn on 06 Feb 18
       
      Teachers might also discover they forgot a step in their learning progression. Sometimes I think students will have certain background knowledge and then discover they do not.
    • dassom
      dassom on 13 Feb 18
       
      A focus in our collaborative teams is to write out learning targets for upcoming cylces, it we could add the element of a matching common formative assessment it would help the teachers see the students learning and the unit or cylce is progressing.
  • peers are involved there are many more opportunities to share and receive feedback.
    • hansenn
      hansenn on 06 Feb 18
       
      You have to teach students how to do peer reviews, or they do not work. Sometimes I find students will be immature when reviewing other students work if you do not set up the ground rules.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 12 Feb 18
       
      Teaching the students the process of doing peer reviews is critical. The students can't do the process if they don't understand the process.
  • teachers and students receiving frequent feedback.
    • nickol11
      nickol11 on 06 Feb 18
       
      This is so important to provide feedback in any form not only to students but I also feel its important for teachers to use it as feedback for ourselves. In addition, especially with older students, it may be impactful to have students provide you with feedback to the formative assessment - did it work, how could it be modified to make more sense or meet their learning styles, etc.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 06 Feb 18
       
      Feedback is critical. It doesn't matter whether it is at the k-12 or higher ed. level or even life, feedback helps us to learn and to grow.
  • criteria
    • nickol11
      nickol11 on 06 Feb 18
       
      I truly feel that this is essential in having students really understand and give them the best chance for proficiency from the start. From the get-go, students need to know what it is they are trying to achieve and perhaps a road map of how they may get there. That road map may not be specific to induce problem-solving and creativity but it will prompt their direct. In addition, I feel it is important to model examples for students that have used the criteria well, not so well and middle ground.
  • timely feedback
    • nickol11
      nickol11 on 06 Feb 18
       
      I would also include contains academic language that derives from the content area, unit and lesson objectives.
    • leighbellville
      leighbellville on 10 Feb 18
       
      Timely feedback is important. Too often we as learners have felt frustration if we do not receive feedback in a timely manner. We have to move forward uncertainly in these instances and do not know what the outcome will be moving forward. Most of us have faced this at some point. I often keep that in mind when working with students. If my students were working on a lengthy essay, then I would walk around the room and read a paragraph and provide feedback for each student during every class. Then, they can make adjustments during the writing process versus waiting to provide feedback at the end of the unit. If formative checks are not completed along the way with descriptive feedback, then students can feel frustrated when they think they were on the right track and receive a low score because they did not meet all the expectations of the teacher.
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      I see this with teacher now that they give assessments but don't give the results back in a timely fashion. It is detrimental to the student learning and growth.
    • Mike Radue
      Mike Radue on 11 Feb 18
       
      I would rewrite the title of this section descriptive and timely feedback. I think it's that important. As Leigh points out, a little bit along the way helps avoid the big logjam at the end of a learning unit. Finding ways to accelerate feedback cycles helps students adjust faster and progress further.
    • krcouch
      krcouch on 12 Feb 18
       
      probably the most important thing in assessment...giving feedback quickly and not weeks down the line.
    • emmeyer
      emmeyer on 21 Feb 18
       
      So true, this is one of the most important parts to the assessment, if the feedback is not timely, it is not anywhere near as effective!
  • provide structure and support so students learn to be reflective of their own work and that of their peers
  • constructive feedback to each other,
    • nickol11
      nickol11 on 06 Feb 18
       
      I feel like this can be the most challenging for students. They sometimes don't want to feel like they are "judging" or being "judged". It is important for them to realize what constructive criticism is and that is ok to give and receive feedback.
    • leighbellville
      leighbellville on 09 Feb 18
       
      Teaching students how to provide constructive feedback is essential. We have been working on this with students during substantive conversations taking place. Teachers can provide conversations starters and prompts to assist students when they are first learning how to build on another students idea or to challenge an idea, etc.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 12 Feb 18
       
      Agree with both of you. It is critical that we teach students how to give constructive feedback. This can be done through teacher modeling of the process along with students practicing how to do it.
  • used by teachers and students
    • dykstras
      dykstras on 06 Feb 18
       
      I think this is the most overlooked part of formative assessments. These are of course for the teacher to form instruction moving forward, but the students should use it as well Teaching students to formatively assess their own work is very powerful and discourages 'making the same mistake twice.'
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 06 Feb 18
       
      Agreed. It can and should be used by both teachers and students to reflect on their work.
    • krcouch
      krcouch on 12 Feb 18
       
      I agree we need to use them as teachers and students. Students need to be a part of the assessment process
    • jwalt15
      jwalt15 on 13 Feb 18
       
      I also agree. Formative assessments are powerful tools for both teachers and students to use to improve instruction and learning.
    • tifinif
      tifinif on 14 Feb 18
       
      Agreed to both. Dont' forget that this information (especially in an elementary settying) is perfect to show parents,especially those who want to know specifics.
  • a step that is neither too large nor too small
    • dykstras
      dykstras on 06 Feb 18
       
      Differentiated instruction at its best right here! "One size fits all" might work for an initial learning progression, but through formative assessments you might find some are ready to move on to the next progressions while some may need some reteaching, or at least a slower pace through the progressions. Two of our district's guiding questions are "What to do when they don't learn it?" and "What to do when they do learn it?" Unfortunately these two questions and answers might be happening at the same time in your classroom. A good teacher is prepared to do both!
    • jwalt15
      jwalt15 on 13 Feb 18
       
      Nicely stated Shawn. Formative assessments provide a teacher with a real time snapshot of where students are with their learning. Ideally, all students would be at the same place in their learning of a concept or topic. However, experienced teachers know that in reality that rarely happens and adjust their instruction to improve all students' achievement.
  • Formative assessment is a process used by teachers and students during instruction that provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve students’ achievement of intended instructional outcomes.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 06 Feb 18
       
      I really like this definition. I think when someone hears the word assessment that it automatically means they are getting a grade - when in reality it is a check for understanding to adjust teaching/learning.
    • staudtt
      staudtt on 07 Feb 18
       
      I agree that I really like the definition. I think it is something that has meaning, but those that aren't educators can still understand. Sometimes in education we tend to get a little to "fancy" with our definitions and in the end no one knows what it really means.
    • carlarwall
      carlarwall on 10 Feb 18
       
      My takeaway from this definition is that it is a process used by teachers and students. The only thing I would add to this definition is that formative assessment is something that not only happens during instruction, it should also be happening before and after instruction.
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      I really appreciate the words to improve student learning. Isn't that what we are all about. It is not a show where teachers are in front just dictating information for students to regurgitate but to synthesis and hold on to for future use.
    • Mike Radue
      Mike Radue on 11 Feb 18
       
      I zeroed in on the word "process." Formative assessment is not a single event or a series of events. it is a process designed to provide feedback and adjust along the way...exactly what a process is.
    • dassom
      dassom on 13 Feb 18
       
      The "during instruction" is a huge mindshift for some teachers. Every time the assess the students they get hung up on how much teaching they have given. I give assessments just to see how much further I need to go before the class masters the concept.
    • jwalt15
      jwalt15 on 13 Feb 18
       
      Many aspects of this definition provided me with a clearer vision of a formative assessment. A "process" describes the relationship between teachers and students during instruction. "Provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching" describes the need for teachers to check for understanding and adjust instruction accordingly. Finally, "to improve students' achievement" describes what teachers strive to do daily.
  • Learning Progressions: Learning progressions should clearly articulate the sub-goals of the ultimate learning goal.
  • accompanied
    • dykstras
      dykstras on 06 Feb 18
       
      Trying to piggyback on a couple of highlights already in this paragraph, communicating the goal and providing criteria. This has been an extreme challenge for me this year switching to standards based grading. I mean it's easy to tell the kids what the standard is, but making them understand what proficient work looks like ahead of time is the challenge. I (and our district) am trying to use rubrics to do this.
  • While evidence exists in varying degrees to support the five attributes presented, there is clearly no one best way to carry out formative assessment. The way these attributes are implemented depends on the particular instructional context, the individual teacher, and—perhaps most importantly—the individual students.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 06 Feb 18
       
      This sums up the article. We need to individualize for our students. We need to meet them where they are at - but push them to grow based on what they need and not just canned assessments etc.
  • Students should be provided with evidence-based feedback that is linked to the intended instructional outcomes and criteria for success.
    • dykstras
      dykstras on 06 Feb 18
       
      I totally agree with this attribute ... eventually. In my intervention process I make 'awareness' the first step. In other words, I just let the student know their work was wrong, or didn't meet proficiency. This is usually marked with a simple mark, checkmark, x, etc. If the student can then self asses their own mistakes and resubmit work with an explanation of what they did wrong and how they fixed it, I don't intervene any more. If they can't, I begin the formal RTI process, where this statement comes into play heavily.
  • learning is their responsibility
  • Collaboration
    • dykstras
      dykstras on 06 Feb 18
       
      Big educational buzz word, collaboration. But we primarily hear of it in regards to just teacher collaboration (CTT, PLC, etc.) or student collaboration (small groups, peer-evaluation, etc.). For effective formative assessment to work, there needs to be this third layer, teacher-student collaboration, beyond just instruction from the teacher and assessment by the student. The five points in this article should be a must read for all teachers to become more effective!
    • Jen Van Fleet
      Jen Van Fleet on 14 Feb 18
       
      Agreed. Students are often left out of the conversation where they could be a part of the instructional design. Student goal setting has a really high effect size, and if they know how they will be measured, they are more likely to move toward those goals.
  • realistic examples
    • staudtt
      staudtt on 07 Feb 18
       
      This is a tricky one for me as well. I do this sometimes to make sure students understand what I'm looking for. At times I decide not to as I don't want students to look at a model and think "ok, if it looks just like this then I've done what I need to do". At times I think showing examples can hinder a students creative mindset.
  • d make adjustments to instruction accordingly
    • lisamsuya
      lisamsuya on 09 Feb 18
       
      I have struggled with the idea of adjusting instruction on the fly or overnight especially when there are 125 kids to adjust for. But, I did appreciate the ideas in the lessons of this week that talked about having a bank of activities, videos, etc. at my fingertips to use just at the right time.
    • krcouch
      krcouch on 12 Feb 18
       
      I agree that sometimes we need to do this...I have actually done this while teaching a digital citizenship lesson when I realized they had no idea what I was talking about and adjusted it right then and there.
    • Jen Van Fleet
      Jen Van Fleet on 14 Feb 18
       
      Lisa, one thing to consider is looking at the learning targets a head of time and trying to anticipate the pitfalls students might find themselves in and how you would correct those misconceptions. That way when it comes time for that quick check/daily data, you are able to adjust instruction without throwing out the playbook.
    • emmeyer
      emmeyer on 21 Feb 18
       
      Making sure that we, as teachers, are constantly adjusting our instruction based on formative assessments, observation, to best meet their student's needs.
  • explicit learning progressions
    • lisamsuya
      lisamsuya on 09 Feb 18
       
      Jim Knight recommends something similar to learning progressions, learning maps. I haven't utilized that strategy enough, but I think I will make it a goal to do so.
  • on a classroom culture characterized by a sense of trust between and among students and their teachers; by norms of respect, transparency, and appreciation of differences; and by a non-threatening environment.
    • lisamsuya
      lisamsuya on 09 Feb 18
       
      I would add that it actually needs to be a school culture for students to become involved in their learning, not just a class culture. I think the annotations to this article about most students do not act responsible for their own learning support this. For students to become partners, they need much practice and opportunities to do so in numerous classes in different formats and structures as described in the first four attributes of assessments. Plus, the affective attributes of a school as described in #5 . .. respect, transparency, appreciation of differences have to also be present for students to feel like partners. That is so hard to get a whole school to exhibit these qualities. But, I submit that one classroom cannot do it on their own.
    • Mike Radue
      Mike Radue on 11 Feb 18
       
      I've been thinking a lot about the student's experience throughout the school day in terms of technology. That is, most of the teachers at our school have a Google Classroom, but not all. There are differences between how Classroom is used between teachers. Point being, without a overall school culture, students experience 7 cultures a day when they change classes. In one period, they have the trust and transparency thing going on and then classes change and a student finds themselves in a more restrictive culture of sharing and learning. This is a tough task for teenagers to navigate on a daily basis. We should be mindful of this and aspire to bring our classroom cultures closer together in terms of look and feel.
    • Kim Foley-Sharp
      Kim Foley-Sharp on 12 Feb 18
       
      I wholeheartedly agree! This can't be something that is taught or used in isolation. Students need to learn the process of being involved in their learning. This is most easier said than done. Students have been conditioned to sit and learn - thinking that the learning just happens from what the teacher is doing in class. This whole process is a mindshift that takes some time to grab hold to be successful.
  • Formative assessment is not an adjunct to teaching but, rather, integrated into instruction
    • leighbellville
      leighbellville on 09 Feb 18
       
      It is promising that teachers are beginning to discuss their formative assessments more frequently in my building, and one teacher asked for resources to assist her in varying the methods of formative assessment she uses. Recently, the importance of formative assessments was emphasized during a Science PD that I attended as well. There should be formative (ungraded) checkpoints along the way to monitor student understanding.
    • krcouch
      krcouch on 12 Feb 18
       
      LOve love love! we need to use assessment to drive further instruction...not just move on because the pacing guide says so. and create goals so the students know what they need to get to
  • Creating such a culture requires teachers to model these behaviors during interactions with students, to actively teach the classroom norms, and to build the students’ skills in constructive self- and peer-assessment.
    • leighbellville
      leighbellville on 10 Feb 18
       
      Creating an environment of safety and trust is important. The article mentions modeling by the teacher of the behaviors when interacting with students, and this cannot be emphasized enough. Students need reminders and modeling. Protocols for discussions should be in place, and students should be encouraged to interact with peers frequently with these in mind. The more students practice these skills the less time one needs to spend covering these expectations, but reminders are still necessary.
    • srankin11
      srankin11 on 12 Feb 18
       
      Agree!! Safety and trust is very important as students are working together. The teacher may want to consider what project(s) they start with during the school year (or semester) to build that collaboration among peers. We can learn so much from each other and that includes the teacher.
  • students’ ability to reason in increasingly complex ways
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 10 Feb 18
       
      This jumps out at me. The purpose of scaffolding and modeling along with high rigor for all allow students to reasons increasingly concept text. Let us not forget that teaching is incredibly difficult, and it truly is this that makes it challenging to do it well. But when done well, the results are amazing.
  • formative assessment process involve both teachers and students
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 10 Feb 18
       
      Often, teachers use informal data to drive instruction or make quick decisions. I think in the last 10 years there has been much more focus on metacognition. Teachers should and will formulate ideas informally. I think the key is goal setting and kids truly identifying where he/she is and communicate it in some way.
  • Remember the success criterion.
  • two stars and a wish
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 10 Feb 18
       
      I like this terminology. Through the years, we would read others writings and give feedback or other activities. I would say give at least 2 positives and one idea for improvement. I think this terminology is excellent! This definitely takes a lot of modeling as this is difficult for many. Modeling with the rubric is a way to explain how to use a rubric. This must be practiced often.
    • carlarwall
      carlarwall on 10 Feb 18
       
      I have actually planned a lesson with a teacher who used this type of feedback in art with her fifth grade students. It was a great way for students to work together and it gave them a great framework for discussion.
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      I like the idea of this strategy two stars and a wish. This allows for some guidance to be utilized while working with other students work.
  • involving students in decisions about how to move learning forward are illustrations of students and teachers working together in the teaching and learning process.
    • Heather Whitman
      Heather Whitman on 10 Feb 18
       
      This truly only works in a growth mindset classroom vs. a fixed mindset. For the students or teachers who do things just to get done or just to get the "A", this is tough and often time rushed through. It think it takes a lot of discussions about why we learn. The focus on the learning process and not the final "grade" has to be key. This is much, much harder than it sounds. It goes full circle on how to create the formative and summative assessments. Are we focusing on just the final product or the process? This is hard.
  • Learning progressions describe how concepts and skills build in a domain
    • carlarwall
      carlarwall on 10 Feb 18
       
      Many schools and districts are working on creating unit organizers for instruction based around standards. This piece of that planning is so important. The creation of the progression based around the standard is valuable work for classroom teachers to help develop and plan around learning targets. Another piece of learning progressions though is looking at the work students have done with that standard in the grade level before and also looking ahead to the grade level to come.
  • inform instruction and learning during the teaching/learning process
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      I agree with this statement and like the emphasis on informing instruction and learning during the process. It is as much for the teachers to change their strategies as anything.
  • unequivocal
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      It is not up for discussion. The process requires both the teacher and the student actively involved.
  • sufficient detail for planning instruction
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      I feel sometimes teacher become such expert in their content, especially at the secondary level, they forget about the details it takes to get to the big picture.
  • Both self- and peer-assessment are important for providing students an opportunity to think meta-cognitively about their learning.
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      Self-reflection and peer assessment are important for students to grow their thinking. This requires teachers the opportunity to work with one on one or small groups of student to do this self reflection.
  • peer-assessment, students analyze each others’ work using guidelines or rubrics and provide descriptive feedback that supports continued improvement.
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      This peer reflection needs to be a process that is taught on how to accurately do this. It is also an opportunity for the student to be doing self reflection while reflecting on peers work. They are constantly learning and growing as learners.
  • they must feel that they are bona fide partners in the learning process
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 10 Feb 18
       
      The classroom must be a safe environment where risks can be taken and students know it is okay to make mistakes and learn from them.
  • teachers have the big picture
    • Mike Radue
      Mike Radue on 11 Feb 18
       
      In working more with the concept of learning progressions, I think the biggest benefit is the emphasis on the big picture. As I reflect on some projects that didn't work out quite right, I think had I shared more of the big picture, students would have performed better. I could see where they didn't understand how the part related to the whole. As this section discusses, you have to provide other details and goals to support the big picture.
    • srankin11
      srankin11 on 12 Feb 18
       
      Agree! The big picture is important for not only the teacher to have, but also the students. When you can provide the big picture with details and goals to support it to students, hopefully the results of the learning will be better.
  • Effective formative assessment
    • trgriffin1
      trgriffin1 on 11 Feb 18
       
      I think there is a significant jump (especially at the HS level) to move from formative assessment to effective formative assessment. Often, it is simply about the grade and not about the learning or responsive instruction.
    • blockerl
      blockerl on 13 Feb 18
       
      I agree with you. I think sometimes teachers seem less willing to carry out more effective formative assessment because it is more work.
  • a teacher could identify the “just right gap”
    • trgriffin1
      trgriffin1 on 11 Feb 18
       
      It is really challenging to identify this gap but even more challenging to respond appropriately to it - especially with class sizes of 25+. of course those aren't excuses to not do it.
  • Learning goals and criteria for success should be clearly identified and communicated to students.
    • trgriffin1
      trgriffin1 on 11 Feb 18
       
      I think the criteria for success is too often simply the score on the quiz or test. A letter grade or % is not descriptive feedback for most students. As teachers we need to clearly articulate what success means and what the goals are.
    • dassom
      dassom on 13 Feb 18
       
      This makes me think of the rubrics and how they could make the student's progress be communicated with them. If you gave an an assessment that has multiple learning targets a rubric might better show them where they did well, and where they could improve on. A percentage grade would not communicated how they did on each "section" of the assessment.
  • communicated using language readily understood by students
    • srankin11
      srankin11 on 12 Feb 18
       
      Students need to understand the language you are speaking. If they don't, they are already a step behind. This may require differentiating so all students are successful!
  • particular qualities of student learning with discussion or suggestions about what the student can do to improve.
    • srankin11
      srankin11 on 12 Feb 18
       
      I believe this feedback is so valuable to student achievement. With the discussion and/or suggestions, students will know how to improve. This feedback could also allow students to clarify questions they may have. Taking the time to give descriptive feedback is valuable to student learning.
  • but also to increase student scores on significant achievement examinations.
    • stephlindmark
      stephlindmark on 12 Feb 18
       
      I like this idea of increasing student scores instead of seeing what students don't know. It is in line with how education is changing to fit PLC and the MTSS System.
  • A further benefit of providing feedback to a peer is that it can help deepen the student’s own learning.
    • dassom
      dassom on 13 Feb 18
       
      I like the idea of peer assessment but I think it would be helpful to have clear expectations (like a rubric or checklist) of what the students are looking for so they aren't over critical or give "wrong" feedback.
  • In this particular lesson, students have been asked to write an opening paragraph to their speech with the success criteria of introducing their topic in a way that engages the audience. The feedback the teacher gives to one student is, “The opening paragraph does not capture the audience’s attention because it does not clearly state what the speech is about. However, the opening sentence of the second paragraph states you
    • blockerl
      blockerl on 13 Feb 18
       
      I like how the teacher is providing feedback to the student throughout the process of writing. That is a challenging task to do all the time, but it is great practice.
  • formative assessment as a way not only to improve student learning, but also to increase student scores on significant achievement examinations.
    • tifinif
      tifinif on 14 Feb 18
       
      If we are not using formative assessment along the way, then we are setting our kids up for failure in the long run. Teachers can use this information to change the way they teach and to help kids with specifics.
  • Sharing learning goals
  • teachers and students receiving frequent feedback.
    • emmeyer
      emmeyer on 21 Feb 18
       
      I love that they put teachers and students. This is key...students also need to know what the feedback is so that they understand where they lie and what they need to do to get better.
  • formative assessment as a way not only to improve student learning, but also to increase student scores on significant achievement examinations.
    • emmeyer
      emmeyer on 21 Feb 18
       
      Agreed. When teachers look at formative assessments, this gives them a view of where the students are in order to change instruction to best fit students' needs.
Andrea Compton

ollie_4: Building a Better Mousetrap - 1 views

moodlesw.aeapdonline.org/...view.php

shared by Andrea Compton on 23 Jan 13 - No Cached
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 23 Jan 13
       
      I understand why teachers want to allow students freedom to be creative in the process of completing a product that demonstrates learning, but the fact is that without the criteria for completion and mastery (two rubric dimensions) students won't know what exactly it is they are supposed to demonstrate to prove learning. Additionally, most students don't know where to go with a new product to demonstrate learning and to be creative with it. If they had that kind of mastery of a product/learning then they wouldn't have to be taught it in the first place. Rubrics or some identification of critical elements that demonstrate that learning has happened on the standards necessary is vital. 
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 26 Jan 13
       
      Your comment about students not knowing where to go with a new product is huge. I have found that "regurgitation" of others notes/lectures/explanations/ideas seem to come through for many students. That creative component is difficult
  • rubrics their institution developed can be used to reliably
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 23 Jan 13
       
      That's the key; creating valid and reliable rubrics that truly assess what needs to be assessed.
  • ...71 more annotations...
  • well-designed rubrics help instructors in all disciplines meaningfully assess the outcomes of the more complicated assignments that are the basis of the problem-solving, inquiry-based, student-centered pedagogy
  • “Meaningfully” here means both consistently and accurately
    • Mary Trent
      Mary Trent on 24 Jan 13
       
      This is the key! Sometimes feels like an unsolvable puzzle!
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 26 Jan 13
       
      Very true. I am guilty of not always being consistent from student to student. Rubrics help, but also for me to complete the grading of an assignment in one sitting :)
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 26 Jan 13
       
      As an educator, I have the tendency to place in my rubric.....teacher impression in comparison to the peer group. Yes, that is one area students do not like because the view it as "opinion". This is usually from my A students who want the path of least resistance.
    • Pam Rust
      Pam Rust on 27 Jan 13
       
      I love rubrics because it not only helps me be consistent but it makes very clear my expectation on an assignment/project. If they ask a question I can often say, "refer to your rubric".
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 23 Jan 13
       
      "...consistently and accurately" this is vital!
  • “latticing,” or “scaffolding”—if they are shared with students prior to the completion of any given assignment.
  • rubrics can help the student with self-assessment;
  • the habits of mind practiced in the act of self-assessment.
  • “Perhaps the greatest potential value of classroom assessment is realized when we open the assessment process up and welcome students into that process as full partners”
  • two basic elements to a scoring rubric
  • the vital “traits,” key qualities, or “dimensions,” to be rated
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 24 Jan 13
       
      Naturally, the traits have to reflect the assignment.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 28 Jan 13
       
      i agree or the assignments wouldn't match up!
  • “rating scale.
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 23 Jan 13
       
      I agree that this is powerful. But unfortunately, having the students build the rubric and then complete the product of the rubric becomes very time consuming. It is important to pick and choose when instruction will be furthered by the students' participation in the creation of the rubric and when it is not feasible because of the time commitment and loss of time that would need to be committed to another set of learning goals.
    • Jason Martin-Hiner
      Jason Martin-Hiner on 24 Jan 13
       
      I would agree with this. I think it also makes a difference if the purpose of the rubric is for final grading or scaffolding. Students may not have a good feel for the different levels when first tackling a topic/project.
  • withholding assessment tools (whether they are rubrics or more nebulous modes of evaluation) from students is not only unfair and makes self-assessment more difficult
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 06 Feb 13
       
      It is so unfair to students not to give them a rubric for assessment purposes. Without a rubric they are left in the dark to guess what the teachers wants, what the teacher expects, what emphasis the teacher is placing on various parts of the assignment, etc. Rubrics make assessment transparent rather than secretive!
  • best of both worlds here, by designing a rubric on a PC that allows for the easy insertion of assignment specific traits.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 24 Jan 13
       
      Design multiple templates and then copy/paste as needed.
    • Holly Palmersheim
      Holly Palmersheim on 25 Jan 13
       
      Is this a skill most teachers possess? It boggles my mind and intimidates me just reading about it.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 06 Feb 13
       
      I would hope teachers have these skills - if not, they need to develop the skills in order to provide the best assessment procedures possible. There are many available resources - books, classes, etc. - for learning these skills.
  • “Standards, Feedback, and Diversified Assessment: Addressing Equity Issues at the Classroom Level,” reports that extensive use of rubrics can help minimize students’ educational disparities and bring fairness into assessment on numerous levels: “In short, explicit performance criteria, along with supporting models of work, make it possible for students to use the attributes of exemplary work to monitor their own performance.”
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 23 Jan 13
       
      Yes!
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 26 Jan 13
       
      Exactly! Get students vested in the assessment.
  • A rubric that tells students, as a typical example, that they will get an A for writing a 1000 word essay that “cites x number of sources and supports its thesis with at least three arguments” will lead students to perceive writing as a kind of “paint-by-number” endeavor (Mathews).
  • longer scales make it harder to get agreement among scorers
  • extremely short scales make it difficult to identify small differences between students.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 24 Jan 13
       
      Seems to be an argument for something that is 'just right'. I think that would be better for the students also, as they can see what they need to do and not get confused
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 23 Jan 13
       
      However, that is a poorly written rubric. And perhaps a poorly written rubric with criteria that a student can follow is better than no guidance or standard at all?
  • some rubrics are dumb.’”
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 06 Feb 13
       
      I agree completely! I love the example quoted below - this was one bright and creative student! Some rubrics are dumb, and this is why it is so extremely difficult to develop a "one size fits all" rubric! This is also why I feel teachers should be developing their own rubrics based on the needs and requirements of their subject area and class.
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 23 Jan 13
       
      Absolutely. "Some rubrics ARE dumb."
  • Analytical or holistic
  • It’s the design
  • A holistic rubric is more efficient and the best choice when criteria overlap and cannot be adequately separated
  • mistake the design of specific rubrics with the concept of rubrics in general.
  • analytical rubric, however, will yield more detailed information about student performance and, therefore, will provide the student with more specific feedback.
  • document, “Best Practices in Student Outcomes Assessment.”
  • If you visit the web page I cut and pasted this from, you will find that each item is hyperlinked to a full explanation of the step.
    • Jason Martin-Hiner
      Jason Martin-Hiner on 24 Jan 13
       
      FYI - This seems to be a dead link.
  • “general” or “specific.”
  • “analytic” or “holistic.”
  • weight dimensions
  • Steps in developing a scoring rubric
  • With your colleagues
  • Clearly defining the purpose of assessment and what you want to assess is the first step in developing a quality rubric
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 23 Jan 13
       
      The collaboration among colleagues to create a rubric can not only create a much more reliable and valid rubric, but can also lead to professional growth (through the discussion) and improved instruction because of the collaboration and growth.
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 26 Jan 13
       
      I agree that this collaboration is well suited for bringing reliable and valid data. With the new "collaboration" mandate where we have over 30 hours to collaborate, documenting on Diggio can enhance the situation for true collaboration... :)
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 27 Jan 13
       
      Mary, that's so true. Diigo and other sharing forums like it will be incredibly helpful as we move to the new collaboration requirements. This is especially true when 30 hours of face-to-face time (depending on how it will ultimately be defined and delineated) might be impossible to find.
  • second step is deciding who your audience is going to be.
  • decide whether you need a rubric
  • purpose of assessment is.
  • a meta-rubric to assess our rubric
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 26 Jan 13
       
      Never heard of this til now.
  • . Chicago Public Schools web-site
  • Barbara Moskal, in her article “Scoring Rubrics: What, When, and How?” insists that rubrics should be non-judgmental: “Each score category should be defined using description of the work rather than judgments about the work.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 24 Jan 13
       
      I think this is important. It will take some careful consideration to phrase statements in a way that is descriptive of the expectation without judging it.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 06 Feb 13
       
      I agree completely. When a student uses a rubric as a guide to how their work will be assessed it is not possible for them to define our meaning of the word "good" which is why that would not be a reasonable expectation on a rubric.
  • advocates of rubrics at all educational levels have argued that rubrics provide students with clear and specific qualities to strive for in those assignments that “are open-ended, aligned more closely to real-life learning situations and the nature of learning” (Skillings and Ferrell) and mitagate both teacher bias and the perception of teacher bias (Mathews).
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 23 Jan 13
       
      As mentioned earlier, having access to the rubric prior to instruction, and using it to self-evaluate provides the student with more guidance as they do their work.
    • Pam Rust
      Pam Rust on 27 Jan 13
       
      I think they make grading look more objective then subjective and that should help with students thinking teachers grade them lower than their peers simply because "they don't like me".
    • Mike Todd
      Mike Todd on 27 Jan 13
       
      I would like to see more resources that specifically show more designs that are for open-ended writing prompts and projects - this kind of student work is often expected to have different elements depending on the project, writing these rubrics is tricky!
    • Jason Martin-Hiner
      Jason Martin-Hiner on 24 Jan 13
       
      If the rubric is to be used by multiple teachers/scorers, reliability can be further increased by having "exemplars" of work at various levels and having some combined scoring practice to "calibrate" the scoring...similar to our group task for this week. We use this for scoring the ICAM tests.
  • static elements encouraging students to simply make sure their essays have those features
    • Jason Martin-Hiner
      Jason Martin-Hiner on 24 Jan 13
       
      I think there is still a place for a few of these in a rubric - they identify key pieces that are expected in a final project. Unless you're going to have students continually revise until they are at the top level in every category, this kind of thing may be needed from time to time.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 28 Jan 13
       
      I agree with you that this kind of thing may be needed from time to time to show the students that the essays need to have those features in the paper.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 06 Feb 13
       
      I agree also, but those are only a small part of a good rubric and shouldn't be the emphasis of the expectation.
  • if you feel that one dimension is more important than another.
    • Jason Martin-Hiner
      Jason Martin-Hiner on 24 Jan 13
       
      I always used this to emphasize the main point of the project, but still give some weight to other important pieces, such as organization and mechanics.
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 25 Jan 13
       
      Me also, it seems unbalanced to give the same weight to the non-essential but still important parts of an assignment, rather than weighting the most importart parts higher.
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 26 Jan 13
       
      I have done weighting before as well. I wonder if this causes some students to play the "points game." If they do the main element really well, can they still get the grade they want and not do the other elements. But I guess the good point would be that they got the main element.
  • Look at some actual examples of student work to see if you have omitted any important dimensions.
    • Mary Trent
      Mary Trent on 24 Jan 13
       
      I think this is a really good idea. Many times we think our rubric is what we are looking for, but many times we might have missed a key point.
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 25 Jan 13
       
      I find that a lot in my teaching- I will develop a rubric for a specific assignment and then make modifications the next year, if I find something wasn't quite right after I used it to actually grade assignments.
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 26 Jan 13
       
      Like both of you, should it be white and black....or lots of gray?
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 06 Feb 13
       
      This is why making a template and being able to make modifications - add and subtract - each year or throughout the year makes things so much easier.
  • educators in all disciplines to assess outcomes in learning situations that require critical thinking and are multidimensional
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 25 Jan 13
       
      I like this quote that explains in very simple terms what rubrics can be used for. It specifies the use of rubrics so educators understand their purpose, to be used for assignments that "require critical thinking and are multidimensional" so educators don't overuse them for the wrong assignments.
  • “on what students have actually learned rather than what they have been taught,”
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 25 Jan 13
       
      I like this quote- it reminds me of another quote that says "If the students didn't learn, did the teacher really teach?" Good food for thought...
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 26 Jan 13
       
      What a concept! Love to read that this at a post-secondary institution.
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 27 Jan 13
       
      This is indicative of the changing paradigm from teaching and instruction to focus on learning, and I think that is the correct point of view for teachers/educators to take. I remember when I started teaching 25 years ago and was aghast at the teachers who were still devoted to the Bell Curve. The paradigm then, teach so that only the very top students can understand what you are instructing on, trick the students as much as you can, and, of course, don't worry about the ones who don't get it. We've "come a long way, baby."
  • the rubrics their institution developed can be used to reliably score the performance-based and problem-solving assignments that now form a significant part of the undergraduate engineering curriculum at the University of California at Berkley.
    • Holly Palmersheim
      Holly Palmersheim on 25 Jan 13
       
      I find this encouraging that rubrics and standards based assessment is being done at a college level.
  • When instructors plan on grading student thinking and not just student knowledge, they should articulate the vital features that they are looking for and make these features known to the student.
    • Holly Palmersheim
      Holly Palmersheim on 25 Jan 13
       
      I believe this is where it is important to have models of different levels of student work with explanations why the work is at that level.
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 26 Jan 13
       
      I agree with your comment about having different levels of student work to use as models. Have you tried providing the examples of different levels and letting the students use the rubric to determine which example fits which level? I have tried it a couple of times and it is a big eye opener for students. I need to make a point of doing it more often.
  • they should articulate the vital features that they are looking for and make these features known to the student.
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 25 Jan 13
       
      This sentence is interesting because I have never heard that you shouldn't share rubrics with students- I have always thought students need to have the rubric as they work on the assignment, so it seems obvious that we should make those features known to the student.
    • Pam Rust
      Pam Rust on 27 Jan 13
       
      Items in a rubric shouldn't be a secret. I go over the rubric with my students so they understand what I want. That way I get what I want!
  • both assess and encourage student learning
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 26 Jan 13
       
      This is a great reminder that rubrics aren't just used to assess student work, but also to encourage student learning. Often times, I think, rubrics are viewed as a way of assigning a student a grade. When in fact, they should be encouraging students to do well.
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 27 Jan 13
       
      Well said.
  • the criteria must be made clear to them and the jargon used must not only be understandable to the student but also be linked specifically to classroom instruction
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 26 Jan 13
       
      Student friendly language and needs to match what is being done in the classroom. Rubrics become impossible when students don't understand what is being measured or what is expected.
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 26 Jan 13
       
      Makes self-assessment more difficult as well as creates students that are unsure of the expectations, and inevitably the question, "Is this good enough?".
  • prescriptive rather than descriptive
  • Pilot test your rubric or checklist on actual samples of student work
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 26 Jan 13
       
      A step I have never done before. My pilot test was always with the first group of students I was using the rubric with. They were my guinea pigs. Keeping samples of student work to pilot test a new rubric on is a great idea.
  • red, “
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 26 Jan 13
       
      Red in poetry means love....or murder, blood, death or despair. I know colleagues who "love" rubrics and I know colleagues who struggle to build a rubric that truly shows high expectations for students who "beat the system" by following the rubric, but not truly having the "spark" to the overall outcome.
  • “The instructor’s comments on papers and tests are done after rather than before the writing, so they cannot serve as guidelines, compromising the value of writing comments at all.”
    • Pam Rust
      Pam Rust on 27 Jan 13
       
      Conveying expectations before starting an assignment helps the student focus as they are completing the assignment. Comments at the end of a paper are useless unless students are allowed to fix their paper after reading the comments. Not sure if the students learn much if they don't get feedback along the way so the final product can be a quality product.
  • When students are full partners in the assessment process, as Mary Jo Skillings and Robin Ferrel illustrate in their study on student-generated rubrics, they tend to “think more deeply about their learning.”
    • Mike Todd
      Mike Todd on 27 Jan 13
       
      I would really love to do this, but I think this is much easier in a face-to-face class.  I have ideas about how to do this online using Google Docs, similar to how we are doing it now in class.  Anyone have any thoughts about how to do this?
  • Moreover, some teachers have noticed how students who were good writers become wooden when writing under the influence of a rubric.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 28 Jan 13
       
      Often time kids what to do what they can to get the "A" grade instead of writing with their own style.  We must be careful how we differentiate writing to ensure that kids still write their way.
  • Both types of rubrics benefit the teacher and the student in varying degrees:
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 28 Jan 13
       
      If we can have rubrics that give students enough creativity but following basic forms of writing, we would have the best of both worlds. 
  • , it maintains the traditional gap between what the teacher knows and what the student knows
  • When instructors do not explicitly delineate the qualities of thought that they are looking for while grading, they reduce learning to a hit or miss endeavor, where “assessment remains an isolated […] activity and the success of the learner is mostly incidental”
  • Rubrics can be designed to measure either product or process or both; and, they can be designed with dimensions describing the different levels of that “deep learning” so valued in WAC programs.
  • college faculty need a shared vocabulary and a basic understanding of how rubrics operate.
  • it maintains the traditional gap between what the teacher knows and what the student knows
  • mostly
  • 1withholding
  • 1some rubrics
  • you should consider your purpose and audience.
Marcia Jensen

ollie_4: Article: Attributes from Effective Formative Assessment (CCSSO) - 1 views

moodlesw.aeapdonline.org/...view.php

shared by Marcia Jensen on 03 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • there are a number of formative assessment strategies that can be implemented during classroom instruction.
    • Susie Peterson
      Susie Peterson on 03 Aug 12
       
      I know that it is too late to change the word "assessment" with formative (and I don't know what I would put in its place), but assessment is so tied to grading in everyone's mind. Formative assessment is not a grade or a "final" of anything. FA strategies help us accumulate data to find where student learning is and how teaching should address the next step toward the learning goal. SP
    • Tina Wahlert
      Tina Wahlert on 07 Aug 12
       
      Great point, Susie! Maybe we could start a movement against the word "assessment' after formative. :)
    • keyna day
      keyna day on 07 Aug 12
       
      That is confusing - would formative "analysis" or "process" work? :)
    • Marcia Jensen
      Marcia Jensen on 12 Aug 12
       
      As an "old dog" I try to model learning "new tricks" which includes new understandings. Process is more of a stretch to the teachers I work with than assessment--they are slow to recognize how important process is, and impatient with assessing it.
  • Students then need time to reflect on the feedback they have received to make changes or improvements. In addition, students can be encouraged to be self-reflective by thinking about their own work based on what they learned from giving feedback to others.
    • Susie Peterson
      Susie Peterson on 03 Aug 12
       
      Giving students time to reflect and engage in the metacognition act is so important. Too many times, instructors rush from one assessment to the next instead of letting students build a piece and reconstruct it over and over, based on feedback and reflection -- deep learning can occur if we let it.
    • Tina Wahlert
      Tina Wahlert on 07 Aug 12
       
      Thanks for the reminder. As you have taught me - reflection is important for students of any age!
    • Marcia Jensen
      Marcia Jensen on 12 Aug 12
       
      Teachers have to get over "covering" the material in order to allow themselves to give this reflection time. We need to learn this too.
  • Effective formative assessment involves collecting evidence about how student learning is progressing during the course of instruction so that necessary instructional adjustments can be made to close the gap between students’ current understanding and the desired goals.
    • Tina Wahlert
      Tina Wahlert on 07 Aug 12
       
      I really like this definition of formative assessment - collecting evidence about student learning and then making adjustments to close the gap between current understanding and the desired goal. This is what I believe good teaching and learning is all about!
    • Marcia Jensen
      Marcia Jensen on 12 Aug 12
       
      I can already see that this article will be useful to me in working with our data teams this year.
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • Descriptive feedback should be about the particular qualities of student learning with discussion or suggestions about what the student can do to improve.
    • Tina Wahlert
      Tina Wahlert on 07 Aug 12
       
      I agree with this statement. In my opinion, traditional grades do not provide the level of feedback a student needs to make improvements in their skills and knowledge. With descriptive feedback around the learning goals - the students understand where they are and what the target is.
  • Learning progressions describe how concepts and skills build in a domain, and show the trajectory of learning along which students are expected to progress. From a learning progression teachers have the big picture of what students need to learn, as well as sufficient detail for planning instruction to meet short-term goals. They are able to connect formative assessment opportunities to the short-term goals to keep track of how well their students’ learning is moving forward.
    • keyna day
      keyna day on 07 Aug 12
       
      Our school is working on this and I believe we're doing an excellent job with posting/explaining our "learning targets" everyday. It is an excellent way to keep teachers and students focused on its learning goals. There is still more to apply and tweak but this is where I feel very confident about in my teaching.
  • This information should be communicated using language readily understood by students, and may be accompanied by realistic examples of those that meet and do not meet the criteria.
    • keyna day
      keyna day on 07 Aug 12
       
      The criteria teachers must apply for formative assessment first needs to come from national/district standards, then broken down into unit goals, then down again into daily goals, then written so that students can understand them! Whew. That's why this is something to keep striving for!
    • Marcia Jensen
      Marcia Jensen on 12 Aug 12
       
      I believe this is a work in progress for most districts and teachers.
  • Helping students think meta-cognitively about their own learning fosters the idea that learning is their responsibility and that they can take an active role in planning, monitoring, and evaluating their own progress.
    • keyna day
      keyna day on 07 Aug 12
       
      Some high school students can burned out if they are asked to constantly think about what they are learning. What has worked has been to check with them periodically or with a performance assessment to check how they are doing with their learning. Maybe if they were "trained" earlier, they would be more receptive more often.
    • Marcia Jensen
      Marcia Jensen on 12 Aug 12
       
      We were talking about the large number of high school students who need help in connection with RTI last week. The position of our curriculum person is that it will take awhile to have realistic numbers of students for level 3 interventions at the high school level. We are dealing with what we can, but need to wait for future students to get realistic numbers.
  • Formative assessment is not an adjunct to teaching but, rather, integrated into instruction
    • Marcia Jensen
      Marcia Jensen on 12 Aug 12
       
      The hard part is the integration. Maybe it is hard because teachers still are deciding whether or not they value this.
  • involve both teachers and student
  • share learning goals with students and provide opportunities for students to monitor their ongoing progress.
  • teachers must provide the criteria by which learning will be assessed so that students will know whether they are successfully progressing toward the goal
    • Marcia Jensen
      Marcia Jensen on 12 Aug 12
       
      "How will I know that I know?"
  • In self-assessment, students reflect on and monitor their learning using clearly explicated criteria for success. In peer-assessment, students analyze each others’ work using guidelines or rubrics and provide descriptive feedback that supports continued improvement.
  • partners in learning
  • for students to be actively and successfully involved in their own learning, they must feel that they are bona fide partners in the learning process.
  • keyna day on 07 Aug 12
     
    Five Attributes of Formative Assessment
criley55

ollie_4-fall14: Building a Better Mousetrap - 4 views

moodlesw.aeapdonline.org/...view.php

shared by criley55 on 17 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • rubric that tells students, as a typical example, that they will get an A for writing a 1000 word essay that “cites x number of sources and supports its thesis with at least three arguments” will lead students to perceive writing as a kind of “paint-by-number” endeavor (Mathews).
    • joycevermeer
      joycevermeer on 20 Sep 14
       
      Yes, by saying "how many" students naturally look at quantity more than quality. So best is probably that we speak of both when creating rubrics.
  • ubric that tells students, as a typical example, that they will get an A for writing a 1000 word essay that “cites x number of sources and supports its thesis with at least three arguments” will lead students to perceive writing as a kind of “paint-by-number” endeavor (Mathews).
  • ubric that tells students, as a typical example, that they will get an A for writing a 1000 word essay that “cites x number of sources and supports its thesis with at least three arguments” will lead students to perceive writing as a kind of “paint-by-number” endeavor (Mathews).
  • ...79 more annotations...
    • scampie1
      scampie1 on 17 Sep 14
       
      es, I have seen this with my reflection logs in my classes. When we use quantity rather than quality indicators, we do seem to get minimum responses. I plan to respond to the logs frequently to encourage teachers to use them for self-reflection. That was not possible working face to face.
    • scampie1
      scampie1 on 17 Sep 14
       
      My students reported not knowing what was being assesed was their biggest asssessment fear. Actual models and discussion about criteria is absolutely necessary.
  • Barbara Moskal, in her article “Scoring Rubrics: What, When, and How?” insists that rubrics should be non-judgmental: “Each score category should be defined using description of the work rather than judgments about the work.” For example, “sentence structure follows current conventions” would be better than “sentence structure is good.”
    • scampie1
      scampie1 on 17 Sep 14
       
      I believe some qualities must be defined using qualitative terminalogy. This is where student input and comparison of models of high and low quality criteira would help students define or picture the quality indicators that are "judgemental". Scampie1
    • Marisa Dahl
      Marisa Dahl on 30 Sep 14
       
      I agree. After being given a number I feel like they don't have a qualification equivalent. When I took a course much like this at Iowa State, our professor had a rubric based on the quality of the post, not how many. It was nice to be given credit for content instead of word count. It goes back to the days when we were forced to write 10 pages on pandas with at least 10 sources with only one of those being the WWW (which is how it was stated). I also don't like having such a high quantity because with so many students in the course it becomes overwhelming to read each one, let alone provide a meaningful comment or reflection. There isn't much text that left to highlight, back to "less is more".
  • Indeed, since rubrics allow for widespread assessment of higher-level thinking skills, performance-based assessment is replacing or complementing more traditional modes of testing; this in turn means that teachers are changing their instructional modes to prepare their students for these tests. Kenneth Volger, in his study, “The Impact of High-Stakes, State-Mandated Student Performance Assessment on Teacher’s Instructional Practices,” analyzes the survey responses of 257 10th grade English, math, and science teachers and concludes that, since the implementation of such tests in public schools, there has been “notable increases in the use of open-response questions, creative/critical thinking questions, problem-solving activities, […] writing assignments, and inquiry/investigation.”
  • Indeed, since rubrics allow for widespread assessment of higher-level thinking skills, performance-based assessment is replacing or complementing more traditional modes of testing; this in turn means that teachers are changing their instructional modes to prepare their students for these tests. Kenneth Volger, in his study, “The Impact of High-Stakes, State-Mandated Student Performance Assessment on Teacher’s Instructional Practices,” analyzes the survey responses of 257 10th grade English, math, and science teachers and concludes that, since the implementation of such tests in public schools, there has been “notable increases in the use of open-response questions, creative/critical thinking questions, problem-solving activities, […] writing assignments, and inquiry/investigation.”
  • Indeed, since rubrics allow for widespread assessment of higher-level thinking skills, performance-based assessment is replacing or complementing more traditional modes of testing; this in turn means that teachers are changing their instructional modes to prepare their students for these tests. Kenneth Volger, in his study, “The Impact of High-Stakes, State-Mandated Student Performance Assessment on Teacher’s Instructional Practices,” analyzes the survey responses of 257 10th grade English, math, and science teachers and concludes that, since the implementation of such tests in public schools, there has been “notable increases in the use of open-response questions, creative/critical thinking questions, problem-solving activities, […] writing assignments, and inquiry/investigation.”
    • scampie1
      scampie1 on 17 Sep 14
       
      A high school math teacher I know tried to add writing in math as part of the Writing Across Curriculum program. Instead of using appropriate prompts for technical writing in mathematics, the rubric forced her to use themes and literacy criteria. Writing did improve in her school on state assessments but she didn't feel math scores were affected.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 21 Sep 14
       
      Hopefully the students that took the math course that added writing were in a better position to be successful later in life by gaining more writing instruction overall, even if the math scores weren't impacted in the short term. 
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 19 Sep 14
       
      Deb Vail: This is key. The students must get the rubric before turning in their work to get the maximum value from it. Additionally, I have found that if students practice assessing samples using the rubric prior to turning in their own they understand the goal more fully. 
  • The instructor’s comments on papers and tests are done after rather than before the writing, so they cannot serve as guidelines, compromising the value of writing comments at all
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 19 Sep 14
       
      This is key. The students must get the rubric before turning in their work to get the maximum value from it. Additionally, I have found that if students practice assessing samples using the rubric prior to turning in their own they understand the goal more fully. 
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 19 Sep 14
       
      Deb, I think you are right having the students complete an exercise where they can study and grade samples prior to turning in their own work can be a very powerful tool in helping students reach mastery of a task.
  • Perhaps the greatest potential value of classroom assessment is realized when we open the assessment process up and welcome students into that process as full partners” (qtd. in Skillings and Ferrell).
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 19 Sep 14
       
      This sounds great, but I can't imagine how long it would take for students to help create assessments. I taught 3rd and 4th graders, and I don't think I'd truly try this. Sounds great in theory, but I'm skeptical. 
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 19 Sep 14
       
      Deb, I'm with you on this one.  I would be very interested to see how an instructor set up a lesson to allow for student collaboration in developing a quality rubric.  I'm not saying that it can't be done but it could be a very cumbersome task.  I'm trying to imagine doing it with my 30+ sophomores in a World History class.
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 19 Sep 14
       
      I am also in agreement with the both of you.  I have thought about doing this with my students after I do a demonstration.  Asking the students what the learning targets should be.  I am sure that some of them could do this with ease and it might allow them to take more ownership in their learning, but there just isn't enough time for this.  It might be better for a small claass
  • I once gave extra credit to a student who realized that without providing a shred of meaningful content she could meet all the requirements of a state writing rubric he posted in his classroom. As required she used the word “persuade” and two synonyms, composed a clear topic sentence and closing sentence, and made no spelling or grammatical errors. But she did it without saying anything coherent.
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 19 Sep 14
       
      That's a scary thought, although I have to say I've felt that kids met the letter of the rubric but missed the intent. Writing a good rubric is challenging. I have to honestly say that I've never truly felt like I nailed what I wanted with a rubric. However, I've had good luck with rubrics when kids used them to score samples. Then they understood the intent or goal of the rubric. 
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 19 Sep 14
       
      I agree that "writing a good rubric is challenging". This is an area that will continue to be a work in progress as I continure to work towards a clearer message being shared.
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 21 Sep 14
       
      I thought this was interesting and scary too. A student could meet all the requirements and not really say anything.
  • mitagate both teacher bias and the perception of teacher bias (
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 19 Sep 14
       
      I'm not sure I'd agree with this. I think rubrics are subjective by their very nature. 
    • joycevermeer
      joycevermeer on 20 Sep 14
       
      My thought is that having a rubric generally makes for less subjectivity than not having a rubric.....though subjectivity can be present either way.
    • Evan Abbey
      Evan Abbey on 21 Sep 14
       
      I agree with Joyce. Unless a teacher is using rubrics at inappropriate places, she is usually measuring something that is subjective. The rubric helps put it in a more objective manner, allowing for more consistency between different assessors.
  • extremely short scales make it difficult to identify small differences between students.
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 19 Sep 14
       
      This may be true for the rubric my group created. We only had 3 points on our scale. 
  • Analytical or holistic
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 19 Sep 14
       
      Interesting - as I read above General and Specific, I thought it was the same thing as analytical vs. holistic. Surprised to find they are different. I guess I need to reread these. 
  • Look at some actual examples of student work to see if you have omitted any important dimensions.
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 19 Sep 14
       
      So true - how many times have I created a rubric that I thought was good - that is until I looked at what I got from students and realized I missed something that should have been included in the rubric. 2nd iterations are usually better. 
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 21 Sep 14
       
      I've done exactly the same and omitted a key point that should have been included. I agree with the second iterations being better.
  • we need a meta-rubric to assess our rubric
    • Deb Vail
      Deb Vail on 19 Sep 14
       
      Are you serious?! This sounds like it came from a person that doesn't actually teach. I suspect this comment sounds a little snarky but I find this a bit much. 
  • Moreover, rubrics can help the student with self-assessment; what is most important here is not the final product the students produce, but the habits of mind practiced in the act of self-assessment.
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 19 Sep 14
       
      When students receive the rubric for assessment prior to beginning their work this eliminates excuses a teacher may hear as everything is clearly stated and noted. A rubric serves as an excellent way for students to self assess their work and determining whether the goals have been achieved and at what level.
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 19 Sep 14
       
      Agree, showing students the rubric first allows them to know what to aim for, what standards are critical for a particular assignment, and gives students a goal.  
  • he criteria must be made clear to them
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 19 Sep 14
       
      When developing a rubric one must remember to clearly state what makes the final product exemplary, proficient and may need additional work. Students can then evaluate or self assess at a more accurate level.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 19 Sep 14
       
      Sometimes as educators we can use a lot of jargon.  We need to remember to keep it student focused if we are going to give the rubric to the students.  It doesn't do the student any good if they don't know the meaning of the different criteria.
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
  • “think more deeply about their learning.”
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 19 Sep 14
       
      When possible I believe we need to include students in the assessment process. This gives them a voice and buy-in to their learning.
    • joycevermeer
      joycevermeer on 20 Sep 14
       
      I can sure see how involving children in creating the rubric would require them to think more deeply. I wonder if students would suggest a harder or easier assignment than the teacher would. Sometimes just giving opportunity for input brings on motivation.
  • well-designed rubrics help instructors in all disciplines meaningfully assess the outcomes of the more complicated assignments that are the basis of the problem-solving, inquiry-based, student-centered pedagogy replacing the traditional lecture-based, teacher-centered approach in tertiary education.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 19 Sep 14
       
      This quote seems to answer the basic question of why we should worry about designing rubrics?  It is one tool in assessing assignments that have the potential to be more meaningful for our students (problem-solving, inquiry-based, student-centered).
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 19 Sep 14
       
      Additionally, with these types of assignments without a rubric there is the possibility for subjective judgements.  A quality rubric will remove the subjective aspect to grading.  
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 22 Sep 14
       
      I think once we understand rubrics and why we use them we can better decide when and how to use them.
  • along with supporting models of work
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 19 Sep 14
       
      A quality rubric is good for students but a quality rubric as well as supporting models or samples of student work can be much more powerful in helping students see what is actually expected from them. This is an aspect that I feel I could do a much better job of in my own instruction.
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 21 Sep 14
       
      I completely agree! As a primary teacher, I found models to be very powerful in giving students a visual of what different levels of quality work would "look like." Depending on the task, I would either post different levels of quality work and have them identify the criteria that matches each level or I would have them help me create models of what each quality level would look like. I fully recognize that this process is much easier in the primary grades where the tasks are often much smaller. However, I did find students were much more reflective on their work when we went through this process.
  • from students is not only unfair and makes self-assessment more difficult,
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 19 Sep 14
       
      If students don't know what the learning targets are, how do they know what to focus on?  The rubric should give students a clear idea of the goals.  
    • Evan Abbey
      Evan Abbey on 21 Sep 14
       
      True. Although even knowing the learning targets doesn't help much if you don't make clear what it looks like to do them.
  • Moreover, some teachers have noticed how students who were good writers become wooden when writing under the influence of a rubric.
    • Kristina Dvorak
      Kristina Dvorak on 19 Sep 14
       
      It seems that some of these anecdotes show that the rubrics being used are missing categories to assess all the needed categories.  The first example is missing a component on being cohesive and this one is missing the creative component.   I have done this in the past, given a rubric and then realized it is missing something critical.  This is why rubric building takes so much time. 
  • rubrics, in effect, dehumanize the act of writing.
    • joycevermeer
      joycevermeer on 20 Sep 14
       
      With writing assignments is it not best that students just write from their heart first, then see if anything needs to be tweeked to fit the rubric requirements? Teachers can encourage this, but once the rubric is there it does make it hard....especially for younger children. This article brings up many valid points.
  • build your own rubric from scratch
    • joycevermeer
      joycevermeer on 20 Sep 14
       
      I'd probably take the build-it-from-scratch option. Sometimes it easier to come up with your own ideas than change somebody else's and you can then be more creative.
    • Adrian Evans
      Adrian Evans on 22 Sep 14
       
      I agree. It is fine to build one or two at the beginning, but then I find myself cannibalizing them to fit for an assignment. But, this builds consistency for the students as they can see what I am looking for and know that I have looked for that in prior assignments.
  • “Does the assessment help students become the kinds of [citizens] we want them to be?”
  • “Does the assessment help students become the kinds of [citizens] we want them to be?”
  • “Does the assessment help students become the kinds of [citizens] we want them to be?”
  • Does the assessment help students become the kinds of [citizens] we want them to be?”
    • joycevermeer
      joycevermeer on 20 Sep 14
       
      Asking if our assessment helps students become the kind of citizens we want them to be really puts the pressure on. We want them to want to contribute out of a sense of duty and for the good of mankind.
  • “Meaningfully” here means both consistently and accurately
    • Travis Wilkins
      Travis Wilkins on 20 Sep 14
       
      When working on my second grade team we often spent time trying to calibrate the consistency and accuracy of our rubrics.  On district wide assessments we would determine the assessments and rubric and each score separately.  We would continue to do this and refine.  It was always very eye opening to see how different we would score the same writings.  The process was very important to the refining of the rubric to the point where it was able to be used consistently and accurately with similar results from all in the group.  It sounds like we will be doing a similar project this week for our course.
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 21 Sep 14
       
      When I taught 2nd grade, our team did a similar process. I do believe that calibrating is a very important component to rubrics. Rubrics alone certainly do not guarantee that every member of a team will score a piece of writing the exact same way.
    • Evan Abbey
      Evan Abbey on 21 Sep 14
       
      It is interesting you both had this on a 2nd grade team. I have never done this, other than when I was a principal and I led inservice to do it. I wonder if any secondary teachers have experience calibrating.
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 23 Sep 14
       
      I struggle as a consultant to get the instructors to be sure when using a rubric, that they use quantifyable descriptors that have a quality spelled out specifically. It is either present, or not, or measured someway in between.
    • criley55
      criley55 on 29 Sep 14
       
      Calibration is so important when you look at it from a district level view. When we have students moving from school to school or not even moving, but comparing data from schools, if rubrics haven't been calibrated or pieces commonly scored, the data really doesn't tell you what you may think it does.
  • if they are shared with students prior to the completion of any given assignment.
    • Travis Wilkins
      Travis Wilkins on 20 Sep 14
       
      In my teaching experience, I found that many teachers skipped the process of sharing the rubrics with students.  I felt that this was a huge missed opportunity with the children in our classroom.  However, thoughtout my teaching career this became more of a focus in our district and it was amazing to see the transformation in student ownership of work when they had the criteria as defined in the rubric shared with them prior to their work.  
    • criley55
      criley55 on 29 Sep 14
       
      If we aren't sharing the rubrics with the students, they really can't take that ownership because they are guessing at what the teacher wants from them.
  • others worry that doing so will encourage formulaic writing
    • Travis Wilkins
      Travis Wilkins on 20 Sep 14
       
      This is an interesting point, and one that I had never really thought about.  I can say that in my 7 years in the 2nd and 3rd grade level classrooms that I did not find this to be much of a problem.  However, I can see how some secondary level rubrics could put more of an emphasis on number of words, spacing, requirements for number of arguments, etc. could lead to more of a formulaic style of writing.
    • Evan Abbey
      Evan Abbey on 21 Sep 14
       
      I can say this is a big issue in writing, especially "writing across the curriculum", where it is assigned by non-language arts teacher.
  • Feedback
    • Travis Wilkins
      Travis Wilkins on 20 Sep 14
       
      Our team of teachers in both 2nd and 3rd grade found great benefit from conversations with students about the rubrics we were using.  It became easy to see how certain words of phrases in our rubrics were unclear to students, and how simple changes could make them more applicable and meaningful for our students.  I think the feedback process is vital in creating a quality rubric for students.
  • As both institutional enrollment needs and social pressures for access raise the need of remediation (Soliday), rubrics become increasingly important to student success. Gisselle O. Martin-Kneep, in “Standards, Feedback, and Diversified Assessment: Addressing Equity Issues at the Classroom Level,” reports that extensive use of rubrics can help minimize students’ educational disparities and bring fairness into assessment on numerous levels:
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 20 Sep 14
       
      I agree with the author on this point.  Using well-written rubrics and sharing with students before and during the project for self-assessment is critical for closing the achievement gap. There is a whole group of students who do not know what a teacher "wants". 
  • imilarly, Heidi Andrade, in her study, “The Effects of Rubrics on Learning to Write,” has found that, while rubrics increased her students’ knowledge of the grading criteria and helped most of her students (especially the young male students) do well on the state writing test, many of the young female students, who had been more expressive in previous writing assignments, wrote poorly when writing, as we might say, to the rubric.
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 21 Sep 14
       
      Very interesting points about the negative side of rubrics for students who may be gifted in the area of writing. Because my career has focused on students who are struggling, it makes me aware of how "one size does not fit all."  I guess the gifted student writer has to learn how to pass the State Assessment and then encouraged and mentored to grow in their gift of writing....interesting.
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 21 Sep 14
       
      I thought this was very interesting too. Rubrics may stifle creativity especially when we want students to be creative thinkers and writers.
    • criley55
      criley55 on 29 Sep 14
       
      I thought this made interesting points as we are working so hard to create rubrics, we have to also think about those students whose work could be so much more but they are fitting into the constraints of the rubric.
  • Steps in developing a scoring rubric
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 21 Sep 14
       
      Building a good rubric takes time and patience.  I appreciate seeing these steps.  I am keeping a copy of this article on my computer. I really could keep it just in Diigo. :)
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 21 Sep 14
       
      I find this list of steps helpful as well and a good reference tool.
  • How well is the rubric tied to instruction? That is, does the rubric use the same critical vocabulary used in our instruction?
    • Lynn Helmke
      Lynn Helmke on 21 Sep 14
       
      i appreciate the author stating that another criteria is that the rubric is tied to instruction and uses the same critical vocabulary. High stakes state testing is here.  But, I prefer to put my energy into increasing student learning so that all students can feel successful in school.....closing the achievement gap.....and not just measured by state tests.
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 23 Sep 14
       
      This is a very valid point here- I find that when working with special education students, they tend to struggle when different vocabulary and/or sets of presentation materials are used in assessment.
  • rubrics can be either “general” or “specific
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 21 Sep 14
       
      I can see the benefits of both a general or specific rubric. This also gives teachers options as to where the focus might be along with the outcomes.
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 23 Sep 14
       
      If a rubric is going to be of a more "general" type, I struggle to implement that data when looking at it for elibibility discussion.
  • Pilot test your rubric or checklist on actual samples of student work
    • Kathleen Goslinga
      Kathleen Goslinga on 21 Sep 14
       
      I like the idea of a pilot test. This could be done during a students first draft and would give the teacher an opportunity to make revisions prior to the final being assessed.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 21 Sep 14
       
      This could be another place where student involvement in developing the rubric could come into play.  Having the students use a rubric to assess their own work but at the same time assessing the rubric to see if it could be more detailed or written in more student friendly language.
  • The issue of weighting may be another area in which you can enlist the help of students. At the beginning of the process, you could ask a student to select to select which aspect she values the most in her writing and weight that aspect when you assess her paper.
    • jbdecker
      jbdecker on 21 Sep 14
       
      This seems like an easy way to personalize instruction and help students focus on and grow in areas where they may have a deficit.
    • criley55
      criley55 on 29 Sep 14
       
      I understand the importance of eliciting student input when creating a rubric but hadn't thought of it with weighing different aspects.
  • When instructors plan on grading student thinking and not just student knowledge, they should articulate the vital features that they are looking for and make these features known to the student.
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 21 Sep 14
       
      It certainly only seems logical to share rubrics with students when assignments are given, but I know this isn't always practiced. It shouldn't be a secret what features will be graded. Rubrics provide students with a clear vision of what is expected of them and helps guide their work.
    • Evan Abbey
      Evan Abbey on 21 Sep 14
       
      This does defeat the purpose, doesn't it? Go to all that work to set expectations, and then not give students those expectations.
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 23 Sep 14
       
      When I was teaching, I used rubrics as part of my instruction. When clear expectations are set for students, they know what to aim for- and performance is usually higher.
  • understandable to the student but also be linked specifically to classroom instruction
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 21 Sep 14
       
      In the primary grades, I think it can be a challenge to find "understandable" language. I do believe that incorporating the language from the rubric into classroom instruction will help bridge the gap between being student friendly and also specific enough for adults to grade accurately.
    • Adrian Evans
      Adrian Evans on 22 Sep 14
       
      In the high school setting, I find that giving the students the rubric that I am going to use to grade them, when I give them the assignment, allows for transparency (I'm not playing "Gotcha") and allows for the students to ask specifically what I am looking for, which then allows them to gear their work to what I am looking for as opposed to just hoping that they got it correct.
  • The argument against using rubrics
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 21 Sep 14
       
      As I read through the arguments against rubrics, I couldn't help but think that most of the drawbacks to rubrics could be avoided with well written rubrics. However, the majority of my experiences with rubrics are in the primary grades where I didn't encounter many of the problems they mentioned.
  • First, you must decide whether you need a rubric. Consider what the purpose of assessment is.
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 21 Sep 14
       
      Not everything needs a rubric. Should always think first what is the purpose of it. Good point to remember.
  • The second step is deciding who your audience is going to be. If the rubric is primarily used for instruction and will be shared with your students, then it should be non-judgemental, free of educational jargon, and reflect the critical vocabulary that you use in your classroom.
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 21 Sep 14
       
      Good question to ask. How will it be used. Hadn't really thought about this...a rubric's use for instruction and sharing it with the students in the learning process.
  • While longer scales make it harder to get agreement among scorers (inter-rater reliability),
    • Nicole Wood
      Nicole Wood on 21 Sep 14
       
      I have always tended to think that longer scales were better since very rarely a student fits perfectly within a specific criteria. However, I never really considered the added challenge of ensuring more consistency among scorers.
  • Both types of rubrics benefit the teacher and the student in varying degrees: the teacher who relies on a general rubric does not have to develop a new one for each assignment and the student grows to understand fundamental standards in writing—like form and coherence—exist across the board; meanwhile, the teacher that uses specific rubrics is always composing new descriptions of quality work, but their students have clearer directions for each assignment. Of course, a teacher could have the best of both worlds here, by designing a rubric on a PC that allows for the easy insertion of assignment specific traits.
    • Diane Jackson
      Diane Jackson on 21 Sep 14
       
      I think this is a great idea. Having a general rubric and a specific rubric. Also have it on your computer so it is easily changed or tweaked to meet the assignment.
  • assess outcomes in learning situations that require critical thinking and are multidimensional.
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 22 Sep 14
       
      Using rubrics for their intended use seems to make them much more meaningful.
  • “on what students have actually learned rather than what they have been taught,”
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 22 Sep 14
       
      Love this! Absolutely!
  • contends that we ought to illicit student input when constructing rubrics:
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 22 Sep 14
       
      I could not agree more! What a great way to increase student engagement in THEIR learning!
  • According to Thomas Newkirk, an English professor at the University of New Hampshire, “rubrics promote ‘mechanical instruction in writing’ that bypasses ‘the human act of composing and the human gesture of response’” (Mathews). This overly scientific view of writing, Newkirk and others argue, stunts the learning process. Moreover, Judith Halden-Sullivan sees a disconnect between the learning goals of Writing Across the Curriculum programs and the rubrics often designed to assess that learning. Assessment of this sort seems at odds with such concepts as “deep learning,” which implies a kind of learning that is beyond measurement, an elusive hard to describe enlightenment, but identifiable in the same way good art is: teachers know deep learning when they see it. Rubrics, Halden-Sullivan contends, reduce “deep learning” to “checksheets.”
  • According to Thomas Newkirk, an English professor at the University of New Hampshire, “rubrics promote ‘mechanical instruction in writing’ that bypasses ‘the human act of composing and the human gesture of response’” (Mathews). This overly scientific view of writing, Newkirk and others argue, stunts the learning process. Moreover, Judith Halden-Sullivan sees a disconnect between the learning goals of Writing Across the Curriculum programs and the rubrics often designed to assess that learning. Assessment of this sort seems at odds with such concepts as “deep learning,” which implies a kind of learning that is beyond measurement, an elusive hard to describe enlightenment, but identifiable in the same way good art is: teachers know deep learning when they see it. Rubrics, Halden-Sullivan contends, reduce “deep learning” to “checksheets.”
  • According to Thomas Newkirk, an English professor at the University of New Hampshire, “rubrics promote ‘mechanical instruction in writing’ that bypasses ‘the human act of composing and the human gesture of response’” (Mathews). This overly scientific view of writing, Newkirk and others argue, stunts the learning process. Moreover, Judith Halden-Sullivan sees a disconnect between the learning goals of Writing Across the Curriculum programs and the rubrics often designed to assess that learning. Assessment of this sort seems at odds with such concepts as “deep learning,” which implies a kind of learning that is beyond measurement, an elusive hard to describe enlightenment, but identifiable in the same way good art is: teachers know deep learning when they see it. Rubrics, Halden-Sullivan contends, reduce “deep learning” to “checksheets.”
  • , “rubrics promote ‘mechanical instruction in writing’ that bypasses ‘the human act of composing and the human gesture of response’”
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 22 Sep 14
       
      Interesting perspective. I can see where this could happen with a rubric, but a good rubric should not.
  • Does the rubric relate to the outcome(s) being measured? Does it address anything extraneous? […] Does it cover important dimensions of student performance? Do the criteria reflect current conceptions of excellence in the field? […] Are the dimensions and scales well defined? […] Is there a clear basis for assigning scores at each scale point? […] Can different scorers consistently apply the rubric? […] Can students and parents understand the rubric? […] Is the rubric developmentally appropriate? […] Can the rubric be applied to a variety of tasks? […] Is the rubric fair and free from bias? Does it reflect teachable skills or does it address variables over which students and educators have no control, such as the student’s culture, gender or home resources? […] Is the rubric useful, feasible, manageable and practical? […] Will it provide the kind of information you need and can use effectively?
    • bgeanaea11
      bgeanaea11 on 22 Sep 14
       
      Some great resources, advice and questions to help develop quality rubrics that meet their intended purpose!
  • using rubrics to establish “performance benchmarks” for the “behavioral objectives” appropriate to each year in the program.
    • Adrian Evans
      Adrian Evans on 22 Sep 14
       
      Rubrics for performance benchmarks that applicable to each year's objectives shows that they are not just using rubrics to use them, but that they are specific and aimed at the performance of the students.
    • Joanne Cram
      Joanne Cram on 23 Sep 14
       
      I have been working with my district on standards based grading. I think rubrics can shape the standards in relation to quantitative data.
  • accurately measuring the specific entity the instructor intends to measure consistently student after student
    • Adrian Evans
      Adrian Evans on 22 Sep 14
       
      Rubrics help the teacher/professor/assessor maintain consistency throughout the grading period, it makes sure that personal feeling are limited and gets rid of the "Oh I know that they know this so I'll give them the points".
  • “Perhaps the greatest potential value of classroom assessment is realized when we open the assessment process up and welcome students into that process as full partners”
    • ajbeyer
      ajbeyer on 23 Sep 14
       
      I think this is key. I as a student like to know what I am being graded on and I think it's important to share that with my students too. If the students know what they are being graded on, it will most likely help them to relax a little more.
  • In any case, withholding assessment tools (whether they are rubrics or more nebulous modes of evaluation) from students is not only unfair and makes self-assessment more difficult, it maintains the traditional gap between what the teacher knows and what the student knows.
  • In any case, withholding assessment tools (whether they are rubrics or more nebulous modes of evaluation) from students is not only unfair and makes self-assessment more difficult, it maintains the traditional gap between what the teacher knows and what the student knows.
    • ajbeyer
      ajbeyer on 23 Sep 14
       
      Holding back rubrics and the way teachers are grading from students is kind of like giving the "gotcha" at the end of the assignment. I know when I am not clear on my directions, I get 500 questions about it. When I am clear and students know what they will be graded on, it is better for both of us.
  • Be prepared to evaluate your rubric, using your meta-rubric and feedback—direct feedback from the students and indirect feedback from the quality of their work. Modify accordingly.
    • ajbeyer
      ajbeyer on 23 Sep 14
       
      Evaluation and reflection are key to good teaching. It should also be key to analyzing a rubric. If it's not working, make sure that it's redone and give it a try again. This should be an ongoing cycle.
    • ajbeyer
      ajbeyer on 23 Sep 14
       
      This was a key "a-ha" for me. I think that rubrics are over used. Not everything can or needs to be assessed via a rubric. The key question for teachers should be first "What am I assessing?" then "Will a rubric meet the needs of what I am assessing?" So many times a rubric is used and it doesn't match what needs to be assessed.
  • bgeanaea11 on 22 Sep 14
     
    Interesting history and original use. It is important to clarify what we mean by "rubric" in education.
Jennifer Riedemann

Building A Better Mousetrap: The Rubric Debate - 7 views

faculty.ccp.edu/...rubrics1.htm

OLLIE

shared by Jennifer Riedemann on 06 Jun 11 - No Cached
  • Latin for “red”
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 06 Jun 11
       
      thinking of that red pen that makes my papers bleed...ouch!
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      Many science terms have Latin origins.
  • reliably score
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 06 Jun 11
       
      this still takes time and practice...it won't happen instantly after the creation of a new rubric...having examples to refer to helps keep the scorers on the same level
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 08 Jun 11
       
      It also helps to have several people score a paper using the same rubric to check the rubrics reliability.
    • Cindy Blinkinsop
      Cindy Blinkinsop on 14 Jun 11
       
      We did an activity in a workshop I took where we all used the same rubric to score sample writings and even with the rubric in hand, I was amazed at how differently we all scored each of the samples. What I found acceptable, another educator did not and vice-versa.
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 18 Jun 11
       
      When I teach 6 traits classes, one of the most eye opening things that happens is when just as you described, Cindy, two people use the same rubric and they come up with different scores. That is why it is so important to practice scoring together and to have conversations around why you gave the score that you did.
  • on what students have actually learned rather than what they have been taught,
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 06 Jun 11
       
      the focus should always be on the student...the content comes second...truly teach your students and the content will follow
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      There's a difference between what the teacher has "taught" verses what students have actually learned.
  • ...51 more annotations...
  • The instructor’s comments on papers and tests are done after rather than before the writing, so they cannot serve as guidelines, compromising the value of writing comments at all.
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 06 Jun 11
       
      begin with the end in mind...it's how I function best!
  • raise the need of remediation
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 06 Jun 11
       
      and now there's a current study covering for-profit colleges' success rates and federal student loan defaults...it is imperative that we guide the students towards success...colleges can't afford to just weed out the undesirables without being held accountable in some manner
  • state writing test,
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 06 Jun 11
       
      this is very common in states like Florida where FCAT Writing is pushed from 3rd grade until 10th grade...that 5 paragraph format must be mastered if the student ever expects to graduate! Sad, but true!
  • Rubrics, Halden-Sullivan contends, reduce “deep learning” to “checksheets.”
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 06 Jun 11
       
      I would argue that large class sizes do the same...rubrics helped me survive through having too many students and too many essays to grade. Keep class sizes under control and give teachers adequate prep time and we'd be more than willing to provide deep and reflective feedback to each and every student.
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 14 Jun 11
       
      That is so true. Dealing with lots of students is a huge handicap for great teaching. I also think that we can design rubrics that allow for the freedom to write, not restrict it.
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 17 Jun 11
       
      Does Halden-Sullivan offer an alternative to rubrics?
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 19 Jun 11
       
      Again, I will maintain that it is within the space defined by a rubric that we have the freedom to create unlimited, reflective and insightful writings, artwork, power points, and other projects or assignments. Rubrics are only as confining as one lets them feel.
  • A holistic rubric
    • jalfaro
      jalfaro on 06 Jun 11
       
      How is this any different than A-F grading?
    • Jennifer Riedemann
      Jennifer Riedemann on 04 Feb 14
       
      It's not really. A-F grading combines information from all sorts of criteria into one rating.
  • establish “performance benchmarks” for the “behavioral objectives” appropriate to each year in the program
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 07 Jun 11
       
      Rubrics I have used and built contain both performance and behavorial components.
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 19 Jun 11
       
      Being in special education, my first job involved teaching student with behavioral goals in their IEPs. I had to develop rubrics to effectively track their daily behavioral goals and then average the daily scores to post in the weekly updates within their IEP.
  • well-designed rubrics help instructors in all disciplines meaningfully assess the outcomes of the more complicated assignments that are the basis of the problem-solving, inquiry-based, student-centered pedagogy replacing the traditional lecture-based, teacher-centered approach in tertiary education
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 07 Jun 11
       
      Rubrics are useful for all curriculums and as a support for projects. The connection to the Iowa Core is evident.
    • Sandy Kluver
      Sandy Kluver on 14 Jun 11
       
      This has a great connection to constructivism as we assess students' ability to solve problems and work through issues.
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 17 Jun 11
       
      Quite often, rubrics have helped me better define my goals and objectives for an assignment. In this way, the rubric has probably helped me more than my students.
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 20 Jun 11
       
      That has been my experience as well. Having the rubrics keeps me more consistent in my expectations, as well as giving the students more concrete guidelines as to what is expected of them.
  • self-assessment;
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 07 Jun 11
       
      Self assessment is very important and a life skill.
    • Sandy Kluver
      Sandy Kluver on 14 Jun 11
       
      Getting students to think about their learning is what makes rubrics so valuable!
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 14 Jun 11
       
      So valuable. One of my personal goals of teaching has always been to facilitate my students out of their need for me. In other words, helping them learn the skills they need to evaluate where they are and where they need to go next.
  • struggle blindly,
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 07 Jun 11
       
      In looking backwards I feel my students were looking at instruction blindly. Rubrics take care of this!
    • denise carlson
      denise carlson on 13 Jun 11
       
      We all have struggled in this area. When we know better we do better.
  • Rubrics that are prescriptive rather than descriptive will promote thoughtless and perfunctory writing
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 07 Jun 11
       
      Skills for creating better rubrics are necessary. Where will teachers get these?
    • Deb Versteeg
      Deb Versteeg on 27 Jun 11
       
      I would like to see some examples of prescriptive versus descriptive rubrics
  • signify critical thinking
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 07 Jun 11
       
      We want all students to get here!
  • Adapt
    • Denise Krefting
      Denise Krefting on 07 Jun 11
       
      Also see the INTEL assessment tools at http://www97.intel.com/pk/AssessingProjects
  • they should articulate the vital features that they are looking for and make these features known to the student
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 08 Jun 11
       
      Leaves out the "guesswork" for a student in trying to figure out teacher/professor expectations.
    • terri lamb
      terri lamb on 08 Jun 11
       
      Agree - the clear vision of the desired results should result in attainable success. Can't imagine trying to meet the target without knowing what the rubric requires (or what the target is).
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 13 Jun 11
       
      If we don't know the target, how can we meet it, right?
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      As one of my colleagues says, we shouldn't play "Guess what is in the teachers head?" when it comes to assessment.
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 14 Jun 11
       
      I like that analogy. I believe it is very important that our students know exactly what we are expecting from them, without stifling creativity by expecting cookie-cutter results.
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 19 Jun 11
       
      IT is good to know we are in agreement with the use of rubrics and the sharing of them with students. I hope that more teachers will follow and use them, rather than drag their feet and remain using 30 year old methods...
  • the criteria must be made clear to them
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 08 Jun 11
       
      Thus, the importance of well written rubrics with clear criteria.  The terms, a few, some, well-thought out, critical, etc., mean different things to different people. Discussing, explaining and providing examples are crucial if such terms are to be used in a rubric.
  • A rubric that tells students, as a typical example, that they will get an A for writing a 1000 word essay that “cites x number of sources and supports its thesis with at least three arguments” will lead students to perceive writing as a kind of “paint-by-number” endeavor (Mathews).
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 08 Jun 11
       
      This is a good point. . .and one that I struggle with in writing rubrics. In efforts of not being too subjective and/or vague, it is easy to become very prescriptive and create "formulas".
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 17 Jun 11
       
      Sometimes when we quantify we simplify.
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 19 Jun 11
       
      I don't agree that the rubric creates a 'paint by number' result. Coming from the art field previously, I have witnessed and created art that fulfills rubrics and 'requirements' for competitions. In a field that is highly subjective, the need for a rubric defines the space within which we are allowed to create. It is what we do within that space that defines the quality of our work. 
  • consistently and accurately
    • terri lamb
      terri lamb on 08 Jun 11
       
      This is what we strive for to assess the desired elements while being consistent.
    • Deb Versteeg
      Deb Versteeg on 27 Jun 11
       
      consistently and accurately still takes time and a great deal of collaborative work among educators....something that is many times lost in the equation
  • student input when constructing rubrics
    • terri lamb
      terri lamb on 08 Jun 11
       
      I've found this works well when students have learned specific skills that will be used on a final product. They can determine which skills should be on the rubric and to what extent they should be able to show their skills while problem solving how and where.
    • denise carlson
      denise carlson on 13 Jun 11
       
      I've found that when students help design the rubric they may actually be more demanding than I would be.
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 14 Jun 11
       
      So true.
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 17 Jun 11
       
      I had a colleague who constantly negotiated rubric content with her students as a central part of her writing instruction. When she left the district, I was surprised to see the "new" teachers take the rubrics as part of some sort of "prescribed" curriculum. These organic documents suddenly became canonical.
  • it is no longer appropriate to assess student knowledge by having students compute answers and apply formulas, because their methods do not reveal the current goals of solving real problems and using statistical reasoning.
    • denise carlson
      denise carlson on 13 Jun 11
       
      Yes, problem solving is certainly at least as important as computation.
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 13 Jun 11
       
      In interviewing businesses a couple of years ago as to what they are looking for in future employees, we heard over and over again that they were looking for 1. team players and 2. problem solvers.
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 14 Jun 11
       
      I think the students are more motivated when they can see real-world uses of what they are learning.
    • Lisa Buss
      Lisa Buss on 19 Jun 11
       
      At our school when having these discussions, it is hard to convince teachers who have been teaching a long time to change from lecturing to more of a facilitator role in their classes. How do we make this change? Is this what is being taught at universities to the incoming teachers?
  • shared with students prior to the completion of any given assignment
  • ‘some rubrics are dumb.’
    • denise carlson
      denise carlson on 13 Jun 11
       
      Wow, I've said those exact words. Some rubrics I've accessed online are worthless. Yet, just because they are online and easy to access, I am sure there are teachers out there using them.
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 13 Jun 11
       
      Denise, you are so correct. There are many things online that are not worthy of sharing or using in our classrooms, but yet because of the easy accessibility I'm sure it is still happening.
  • general” or “specific.
    • denise carlson
      denise carlson on 13 Jun 11
       
      I greatly prefer specific rubrics. What thoughts do the rest of you have?
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 13 Jun 11
       
      Totally agree. Specific rubrics are much easier to hone in on the specific "skills" that are being sought. I believe that some people shy away from them because of the time factor however.
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      I think it depends on the purpose of the rubric, but I tend to like specific ones better than general ones.
    • Jennifer Riedemann
      Jennifer Riedemann on 04 Feb 14
       
      In his article, "What's Wrong, and What's Right with Rubrics" Jim Popham makes a great case for why general rubrics better support teaching and student learning of important targets.
  • facilitate, rather than obviate, student learning
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 13 Jun 11
       
      If we are just using rubrics to put something in the gradebook, we are losing the power of "facilitating student learning."
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 14 Jun 11
       
      The formative rubric is a good step in this process of facilitating student learning. If we give the student the means to improve their work with the rubric, we are giving them tools to work with.
    • Deb Versteeg
      Deb Versteeg on 27 Jun 11
       
      ...if the rubric is not used throughout the project or assignment, it is of very little use in a quality assessment process
  • five-paragraph essay
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 13 Jun 11
       
      I cringe when I read or hear about the 5 paragraph essay!
  • guide their own learning
    • Lori Pearson
      Lori Pearson on 13 Jun 11
       
      At what age/grade do you think students are able to do this?
  • and teacher improvement.
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      . . . and might I add, not only should it facilitate student learning, but it should also help the teacher improve.
  • instructors plan on grading student thinking and not just student knowledge
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      In the "past," the emphasis was on grading student knowledge. Now we are looking at assessing student thinking, as well.
  • it maintains the traditional gap between what the teacher knows and what the student knows
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      This puts the teacher in a position of power . . . the authority figure . . . the sage on the stage.
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 14 Jun 11
       
      It would be great if all learning would be a collaborative effort. I've learned so much from my students over the years. I try to keep them in a partnership position as much as possible.
  • Well-designed rubrics
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      "Well-designed" is the key here.
  • writing under the influence
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      Interesting choice of words here.
  • rubrics that are outside of the students “zone of proximal development” are useless to the students.
    • Peggy Christensen
      Peggy Christensen on 13 Jun 11
       
      Again, this gets back to the "kid-friendly" language that needs to be used in a rubric, so that students can use the feedback to improve their learning.
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 17 Jun 11
       
      Can a rubric be written to benefit students with special needs and the talented and gifted? What happens when we have multiple grade levels and performance levels in a classroom?
  • . Rubrics can be designed to measure either product or process or
    • Cheryl Merical
      Cheryl Merical on 13 Jun 11
       
      This is key and perhaps why there is so much debate about rubrics. They are often developed to assess the final product and the process piece is often forgotten. If, especially in the case of writing, process is important, then criteria for assessing needs to be included in the rubric. . .or a separate rubric developed just for "process".
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 14 Jun 11
       
      Well said. I think any tool can be good or bad and cannot necessarily be reduced to a generalization. We need to take care that we write them to encourage rather than discourage creativity, and that we use them in ways that encourage rather than discourage creativity.
  • jargon used must not only be understandable to the student but also be linked specifically to classroom instruction.
    • Sandy Kluver
      Sandy Kluver on 14 Jun 11
       
      I've seen rubrics that are hard to figure out as the teacher! The "jargon" has to be user friendly for all involved!
  • credit
  • Clearly defining the purpose of assessment and what you want to assess is the first step in developing a quality rubric.
    • Sandy Kluver
      Sandy Kluver on 14 Jun 11
       
      This is a straight forward comment but one that gets missed by teachers. I think sometimes I want to make sure I've covered everything in the rubric but I really need to focuse on the purpose and that will make my rubric better.
  • we need a meta-rubric to assess our rubric.
    • Sandy Kluver
      Sandy Kluver on 14 Jun 11
       
      Wow!!
  • the habits of mind practiced in the act of self-assessment
    • Darin Johnson
      Darin Johnson on 17 Jun 11
       
      In order for self-assessment to work, it must be a true habit of mind. It must be haitually refined.
  • For example, Illinois State Board of Education’s (ISBE) scoring guidelines for writing measures four separate attributes of composition: Focus, Support, Organization, Conventions.
  • Look at some actual examples of student work to see if you have omitted any important dimensions.
  • “Perhaps the greatest potential value of classroom assessment is realized when we open the assessment process up and welcome students into that process as full partners” (qtd. in Skillings and Ferrell). When students are full partners in the assessment process, as Mary Jo Skillings and Robin Ferrel illustrate in their study on student-generated rubrics, they tend to “think more deeply about their learning.”
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 19 Jun 11
       
      It is imperative to involve students in their own learning. While direct instruction has been preached in the field of special education, there is a missing piece of this practice. This missing piece is the involvement of the student to "own" their knowledge and to demonstrate how they have learned, what matters, and where they will utilize it.
  • Addressing Equity Issues at the Classroom Level,” reports that extensive use of rubrics can help minimize students’ educational disparities and bring fairness into assessment on numerous levels: “In short, explicit performance criteria, along with supporting models of work, make it possible for students to use the attributes of exemplary work to monitor their own performance.”
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 19 Jun 11
       
      Using rubrics does equalize the playing field for both students and teachers, thereby allowing students to see that there are no 'favorites', that their efforts and their results are what is being assessed. 
  • build your own rubric from scratch
    • Julie Townsend
      Julie Townsend on 19 Jun 11
       
      Although it takes time and feedback from students, I create my own rubrics. The rubric must measure what is required by benchmarks, but also must measure what is necessary for the student to generalize into his/her personal life.
  • most important here is not the final product
    • Deb Versteeg
      Deb Versteeg on 27 Jun 11
       
      lots of people will struggle with this concept
  • those students who had “stylistic voices full of humor and surprises, produced less interesting essays
    • Lisa Buss
      Lisa Buss on 19 Jun 11
       
      This same thing happened to me. A few years agoI started a commercial project for my Spanish 2 students. Over the years, my rubric has become more restrictive because of previous students' inapprpropriate content. What I have noticed is that the commercials aren't anywhere near as interesting and creative as they were when my rubric was less detailed.
  • Does the rubric relate to the outcome(s) being measured
    • Lisa Buss
      Lisa Buss on 20 Jun 11
       
      very important
  • category should be defined using description of the work rather than judgments about the work
    • Lisa Buss
      Lisa Buss on 20 Jun 11
       
      good point!
    • Jennifer Riedemann
      Jennifer Riedemann on 05 Feb 14
       
      Just like quality feedback that promotes learning uses descriptive, not evaluative language, so should rubrics.
  • extra credit
    • Deborah Ausborn
      Deborah Ausborn on 20 Jun 11
       
      It is so enjoyable to work with those students who have the capability to see through the structure of the instruction. It can be aggravating as well when they point out the flaws in our own practices, but very beneficial if we can be humble enough to acknowledge it. How do we prepare more of our students to approach learning this way, or is it just a gift a talented few have?
  • When instructors do not explicitly delineate the qualities of thought that they are looking for while grading, they reduce learning to a hit or miss endeavor, where “assessment remains an isolated […] activity and the success of the learner is mostly incidental”
    • Amy Burns
      Amy Burns on 04 Oct 11
       
      If only some of my instructors would have heard of this when I was younger...'I coulda been somebody!' Isn't it common sense that teachers should be upfront with students regarding expectations?
  • a system designed to measure the key qualities (also referred to as “traits” or “dimensions”) vital to the process and/or product of a given assignment,
    • Jennifer Riedemann
      Jennifer Riedemann on 04 Feb 14
       
      Unfortunately, many educators see rubrics simply as a way to assign a grade to a project.
  • points along a scale
    • Jennifer Riedemann
      Jennifer Riedemann on 04 Feb 14
       
      Technically rubrics do not contain "points", as in number of items to count. The scale contains levels, also known as an ordinal scale. A Level 4 on the rubric is not necessarily twice as good as a Level 2, as it would be if the numbers were points.
    • Jennifer Riedemann
      Jennifer Riedemann on 04 Feb 14
       
      In my opinion, this is a case of us being sloppy with language, and it makes for perhaps the most misunderstood aspect and misuse of rubrics.
  • “use an existing one ‘as is
    • Jennifer Riedemann
      Jennifer Riedemann on 04 Feb 14
       
      User beware! There are LOTs of crummy rubrics available on the internet.
  • Works Cited
    • Jennifer Riedemann
      Jennifer Riedemann on 05 Feb 14
       
      Two other great resources to consult that have been written since this was published: "How to Create and Use Rubrics for Formative Assessment and Grading" by Susan Brookhart (ASCD, 2013) and "Creating & Recognizing Quality Rubrics" by Judy Arter & Jan Chappuis (Pearson, 2006).
  • Cindy Blinkinsop on 14 Jun 11
     
    Rubrics are fairly new to our schools and constructing a good one is still a challenge. As teachers we tend to make the rubric's verbiage hard for students to really understand. Rubrics need to be in student friendly language and with only the necessary categories 4-6 max. We tend to have 8 categories with 4 to 5 possible grades (4,3,2,1) which is extremely confusing to students so they throw out the rubric and do their best hoping it cuts the mustard.
ljurich

Implementation in Advocacy/Guidanace/Post-Secondary Preparation (Articles) - 0 views

moodlesw.aealearningonline.org/...view.php

shared by ljurich on 14 Jul 18 - No Cached
  • a program for our seniors to explore their interests, passions, and possible career options during the two quarters before graduation. Each of the four years has a central theme around which we build curriculums, and “risk” is appropriate for the graduation year, one that culminates in personal achievement and plans for the future.
    • ljurich
      ljurich on 14 Jul 18
       
      I love this! We have a responsibility to help EVERY student make an informed decision about their life after high school, and this particular school has created a purposeful, strategic plan for their system in helping students be confident and competent about what happens after graduation.
  • Authentic choices cannot exist without some degree of risk.
    • ljurich
      ljurich on 14 Jul 18
       
      This reminds me of the "zone of proximal development" - that zone where learning occurs, where it's not "easy." Rather, it's challenging AND doable. It takes risk... an ACTIVE risk to move forward and tackle whatever challenge is in front of you. Experiencing risk is how we empower students for their future.
  • In such moments, teaching becomes a deeply reciprocal process by which we decide to learn not just from but with the students, embracing the risks that accompany students developing as independent thinkers and informed risk takers (K. Schultz, 2003). Moreover, when we offer choice, we model risk taking for them and demonstrate problem-solving skills, such as how to thoughtfully navigate uncertainty and address unforeseen obstacles.
    • ljurich
      ljurich on 14 Jul 18
       
      This paragraph nicely captures the desired role of the teacher in order for our students to be empowered in their learning, while also developing a positive student/teacher relationship grounded as partners in learning.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Many teachers and administrators realize that online courses and programs can offer a different kind of learning environment, take advantage of true personalization, and challenge students to achieve at the levels at which they are capable. As one educator says: “Because of the e-learning aspect of our credit-recovery program, it also seems that have changed their attitudes toward credit recovery. They realize that credit recovery is not all worksheets, repetition and drudgery; it also means relearning the standards in engaging and interesting formats with lots of visuals and graphics to help students learn.”
    • ljurich
      ljurich on 14 Jul 18
       
      So, whether it's online or face-to-face, it's 1) what we're asking students to do, and, 2) believing they can do it that makes a difference. They need higher cognitive learning experiences (i.e. Revised Blooms Taxonomy) and engaging activities that connect with who they are as individuals. If we truly believe they can be successful, then we'll put things into place to engage them. In other words, it's our collective efficacy that sets the stage for online learning AND face-to-face learning.
  • Stands up for student rights and concerns.
    • ljurich
      ljurich on 14 Jul 18
       
      This is such an important role for the principal (or any adult working with the classroom teacher). Sometimes, students don't know how to advocate for themselves, or they are in a situation where an adult needs to intervene. By partnering with the classroom teacher in an instructional coaching role, the principal can provide support that will ultimately benefit the student. In other words, when teachers are learning at high levels, students learn at high levels.
  • learning plans starting from student interest, and the skills and knowledge a student has.
    • ljurich
      ljurich on 14 Jul 18
       
      This makes sense because we are starting with the student's strengths and interests instead of what gaps exist. It's focusing on what the student CAN do, not can't.
  • The concept of LTIs goes hand in hand with developing learning plans and portfolios for post high school goals, whether it’s college, vocational school, apprenticeships or directly to work. From working on their learning plans, each student will have a portfolio that allows him or her to customize all of their experiences for application to each college or work situation.
    • ljurich
      ljurich on 14 Jul 18
       
      Words that come to mind as I read this paragraph are authentic, future, real, and personalized.
kylelehman

ol101-s2019: Iowa Online Teaching Standards - 21 views

moodlesw.aealearningonline.org/...view.php

shared by kylelehman on 15 Jan 19 - No Cached
  • Understands and uses data from assessments to guide instruction
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 15 Jan 19
       
      When we use this data to guide instruction, that means we should also use this data to change our coursework from section to section. It can be easy to forget to modify courses from one teaching to the next.
    • salterberg
      salterberg on 16 Jan 19
       
      I agree, Amanda. And I also wanted to test out the comment feature of Diigo. I've never used this before.
  • Understands and uses course content that complies with intellectual property rights and fair use, and assists students in complying as well
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 15 Jan 19
       
      Copyright is always a tricky one - good thing it is covered well in the OLLIE series! :)
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 20 Jan 19
       
      This is especially true in the world of social media and people not crediting others with posts/images and stealing them as their own
  • Maintains an online social presence that is available, approachable, positive, interactive, and sincere
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 15 Jan 19
       
      Being "present" online - as an instructor post comments, provide feedback, and be engaged with the students. Weekly announcements can also help students see the "human" side of the instructor.
    • vberge
      vberge on 19 Jan 19
       
      I have learned this through simple email conversations. I often have someone read/reread emails to make sure that I am interpreting it correctly or that what I am saying will be received the way it is intended. If students, in person or online, don't feel that they can approach the teacher, they often end up feeling frustrated and overwhelmed. if feedback isn't timely, the student can give up or do things incorrectly.
  • ...59 more annotations...
  • Promotes learning through online collaboration group work that is goal-oriented and focused
    • salterberg
      salterberg on 16 Jan 19
       
      In the facilitation course, I learned that collaboration is essential to learning, so this standard is a high priority
    • vberge
      vberge on 19 Jan 19
       
      Collaborative group work is very important in online courses. I may not be one that looks for this in a course that I take (I am often an independent learner), however the value of that interaction and possibly the challenges to an individual's thinking is important (especially for adult learners) to really grow and learn.
    • runindevil
      runindevil on 22 Jan 19
       
      I believe collaborative learning should be done to a certain extent. I have had more students within the last couple of years opt for independent learning. I think they are tired of relying on others for their potential grade. So, how does this equate to online learning?
    • cararinehart
      cararinehart on 22 Jan 19
       
      Interesting statements, I teach science classes and collaboration falls easily into my curriculum; however, I feel like students either rely completely on their partner to be successful or the higher achieving partner gets tired of being the one to earn the grade too as mentioned above. I struggle with collaboration always being the answer. Competition is good too - its what got us to the moon.
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 24 Jan 19
       
      I like this idea and work to do this in my current classroom. I feel it may be even easier to accomplish in an online class.
  • Demonstrates competence in content knowledge (including technological knowledge)
    • salterberg
      salterberg on 16 Jan 19
       
      It's critical that we as instructors know how to use the technology and can help our students learn how to use it. That's foundational for learning content and interacting with others in the course.
    • jdowler
      jdowler on 19 Jan 19
       
      With technology changing so rapidly, we as instructors must work continuously to stay on top of all the new content that is being created.
  • Designs the structure of the course and the presentation of the content to best enhance student learning, including using unit/lesson overviews and reviews
    • salterberg
      salterberg on 16 Jan 19
       
      I want my courses to be vibrant vehicles for learning, and the design is integral to that.
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 18 Jan 19
       
      After reading the article on access and equity I think this is very important as we design our courses to make sure we keep all students in mind.
  • (SREB C.3, Varvel VII.A)
    • salterberg
      salterberg on 16 Jan 19
       
      I so agree with Amanda on this one, and I can't highlight the same one she does. (I wanted to test diigo to see if it would let me, and nope!) The teacher's commitment to the students and to creating a positive environment makes learning fun and engages students.
  • Continuously uses data to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of instructional strategies
    • jennham
      jennham on 16 Jan 19
       
      This jumped out at me immediately as this is our next step in our PLC group for any of our 'power standards'. Next year we will be focusing heavily on using a Data Wall, as well as using common assessment data to drive instruction. We have spent the last two years deciding on our Power Standards and finding common assessments to utilize.
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 18 Jan 19
       
      It is so important to use data to make sure we are reaching our learners. This make me think of the Iowa Professional Development Model and how we use that to see what we need to work on and find ways to improve our instruction.
    • jdowler
      jdowler on 19 Jan 19
       
      Our district also focuses heavily on common assessments among core subjects and benchmark assessments at the end of each unit.
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 24 Jan 19
       
      I think it is really important for every teacher to use data to make sure we are teaching all of the things we are supposed to be teaching. We are moving towards SBG in near future and I think this will be very important as we make that transition.
  • Tailors instruction to meet the different needs of students, including different learning styles, different interests and backgrounds, and students with special needs or whom are language learners
    • jennham
      jennham on 16 Jan 19
       
      I find this to be vital as not every learner is going to be successful in the same ways as other online learners. It cannot be a 'one size fits all' model.
    • vberge
      vberge on 19 Jan 19
       
      This one is obviously very important and key to teaching in any format. I am curious what this looks like though. How does the teacher meet these needs. I can see where there needs to be certain accessibility things available on the student's computer. Is it the teacher's responsibility to point these out for the student, or is there a way to imbed these things in the course?
    • runindevil
      runindevil on 22 Jan 19
       
      When the standard states: "different interests and backgrounds, and and students with special needs." Students that may be ELL or special needs, how does online learning adapt to those learners? I think if tough enough when you have them face to face in class, now that you don't see them, it sounds more complex!!
  • Creates or selects multiple assessment instruments that are appropriate for online learning
    • jennham
      jennham on 17 Jan 19
       
      I find this to be extremely important as in the past, any online assessments that I have seen have been multiple choice. It is very important to assess students using several different mediums that require higher order thinking skills along with memorization.
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 20 Jan 19
       
      This is vital to present students multiple ways to show their learning. Can't expect all to perform in one way
    • Kendra Carlson
      Kendra Carlson on 21 Jan 19
       
      Providing multiple assessment types is imperative to meet the needs of all learners. Providing them a chance to show what they know if different ways helps us understand our students on a deeper level as well.
  • Demonstrates techniques for dealing with issues arising from inappropriate student technological use
    • jennham
      jennham on 17 Jan 19
       
      This one I find to be very important as I had this exact issue within the past week. I feel that it is important to handle these situations immediately while also allowing students to earn back privileges so that they may continue to learn and grow from their mistakes, as well as what they are meant to be learning online. Sometimes a bad choice can turn into a lasting memory for the better.
    • jdowler
      jdowler on 19 Jan 19
       
      I think this standard is so crucial at all a academic levels and thankfully there are excellent tools out there to ensure students are acting responsibly such as Go Guardian.
  • Provides substantive, timely, and constructive feedback to students
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 18 Jan 19
       
      Feedback is essential for students to improve. I need to do a better job of being more specific with my feedback instead of "Super Job!", or "See me!" and focus more on what specifically a student did or didn't do well on.
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 20 Jan 19
       
      I agree on feedback. It's not easy to give specific and detailed feedback to students and still get them their work back in a timely manner.....one of my biggest struggles as a teacher
    • Kendra Carlson
      Kendra Carlson on 21 Jan 19
       
      Without feedback students will struggle to improve upon their understanding. Timely and constructive are important to the learning process so students know how to correct any misconceptions they may have, but done in a kind and effective way.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 22 Jan 19
       
      As educators we understand the importance of feedback - and more specifically TIMELY feedback. This is a challenge, though, in a typical teacher's day. I wonder if it will be easier - or harder - with an online course??
    • runindevil
      runindevil on 22 Jan 19
       
      I agree with Barb, this could be very difficult! I deal daily with around 140 students, and to provide "timely feedback," would be most challenging
  • Has experienced online learning from the perspective of a student
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 18 Jan 19
       
      This reminds me of a math class I took about when writing assessments make sure to think about how your students would answer a question. This allowed me to get rid of some questions and change some as well. It made me reflect on student understanding and my teaching practices.
  • Applies research, knowledge, and skills from professional growth to improve practice
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 18 Jan 19
       
      It is so important for teachers to be life long learners. I enjoy researching strategies to use in the classroom and implementing them as soon as I can. Obviously some work well and some don't. The challenge of it excites me.
  • Utilizes a course evaluation and student feedback data to improve the course
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 18 Jan 19
       
      Feedback from students is critical for improving as a teacher. Even though it might not be what you want to hear, it will provide you with important ideas to improve for the future. I give evaluations periodically and they do help me improve my instruction.
    • jdowler
      jdowler on 19 Jan 19
       
      Student feedback is so powerful. I use google forms to get feedback from my students quarterly. Also, I created a daily check in using google forms so students can ask for help or share problems they are having privately. It's been very successful.
    • Linda Carroll
      Linda Carroll on 18 Jan 19
       
      It's important to know the goal in advance!
  • Identifies and communicates learning outcomes and expectations through a course overview/orientation (Varvel IV.A, ITS 3.b)
    • Linda Carroll
      Linda Carroll on 18 Jan 19
       
      It's important to know the goal in advance!
    • jdowler
      jdowler on 19 Jan 19
       
      I love using screen castify for this. Course overviews should be as visual as possible.
  • Communicates with students effectively and consistently (SREB D.1, ITS 1.g)
    • Linda Carroll
      Linda Carroll on 18 Jan 19
       
      This is always critical, no matter the delivery of the content.
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 24 Jan 19
       
      I would love to find the perfect tool for increase social interaction. I feel I have a good mix, but would like to increase my students' ability to do more literature, both reading and writing, interactions.
  • Is knowledgeable and has the ability to use computer programs required in online education to improve learning and teaching, including course management software
    • Linda Carroll
      Linda Carroll on 18 Jan 19
       
      This is and will always be a learning curve as new programs, platforms, apps, etc. are always being developed.
  • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies (SREB B.5)
    • Linda Carroll
      Linda Carroll on 18 Jan 19
       
      This should be the goal of every educator! I would argue that the issue is time....which is something that educators (probably everyone) always struggle to find and/or complain that they don't have enough of it!
  • Networks with others involved in online education for the purpose of professional growth
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 18 Jan 19
       
      I like the idea of networking with others in your particular area of education. Having a group of people who teach the same content can be helpful when you need help or suggestions as well as you being able to offer help or suggestions. I know I really appreciate the library network I am a part of.
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 20 Jan 19
       
      Going from a large school with 8 teachers in my subject area to a smaller only 3 this is one of the things I miss the most is the networking. We don't take the time to do this if we don't have access to it immediately like we should
    • runindevil
      runindevil on 22 Jan 19
       
      This can "sky the limit." Students can interact with different cultures, different environments, and formulate different ideas throughtout the world.
    • meinca92
      meinca92 on 23 Jan 19
       
      Making connections with other online instructors will require conscious effort and commitment. Teachers in general can be very isolated in their own classrooms, and I imagine this is even more of an issue for online instructors, particularly those who work in isolation.
  • Aligns assessment with course objectives
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 18 Jan 19
       
      This seems like it should not have to be spelled out, but it is critical that our assessments align with our objectives. If there is no connection between the two the assessment is not valuable at all.
    • cararinehart
      cararinehart on 22 Jan 19
       
      Sometimes this seems easier than it is - I've taught lessons that didn't line up directly with the assessment! Then I look back and realized that I didn't explicitly explain what I was thinking that the students should know/need to know.
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 24 Jan 19
       
      Its important to assess over things that are important to the class. You really shouldn't assess things that are not important to class content. If its not hitting a standard or has some direct connection to the class you shouldn't be assessing it.
  • Knows and aligns instruction to the achievement goals of the local agency and the state, such as with the Iowa Core (Varvel I.A, ITS 1.f, ITS 3.a)
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 19 Jan 19
       
      I think I need to share this with my admin to make sure we are following these guidelines! :/ This would be great for our teachers to follow and make sure we are creating an online course that meets the states expectations.
  • Provides and communicates evidence of learning and course data to students and colleagues (SREB J.6, ITS 1.a)
  • Provides and communicates evidence of learning and course data to students and colleagues (SREB J.6, ITS 1.a)
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 19 Jan 19
       
      This is important for all learning face to face and blended learning. I would think we would need to be very cognitive on how we set this up as teachers to make sure we are providing descriptive feedback for our students' learning.
  • Understands student motivation and uses techniques to engage students (Varvel V.D, ITS 4.d)
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 19 Jan 19
       
      This is true for any course as well. Taking this course there are so many ways to engage students with online learning that all teachers need to be aware of to create an engaging online learning atmosphere.
  • emonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies (SREB B.5)
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 19 Jan 19
       
      I see the need in a continuous professional learning with creating online learning. Teachers need to be educated on the varied of technology they can implement in their online courses and also keep updated on new technology that is out there to use as well.
  • Understands the differences between teaching online and teaching face-to-face
    • vberge
      vberge on 19 Jan 19
       
      This stands out to me. If you are a good/great face to face teacher, that does not mean that you will be effective at teaching online. The content may be the same, but the delivery, expectations, interactions, etc. are different.
  • • Meets the professional teaching standards established by a state-licensing agency, or has the academic credentials in the field in which he or she is teaching
    • jdowler
      jdowler on 19 Jan 19
       
      I think that there is a perception out there that having taught in the classroom makes one automatically qualified to teach online and this is not the case. Online teaching really is different and should have it's own set of teaching standards.
  • Creates a learning community that encourages collaboration and interaction, including student-teacher, student-student, and student-content (SREB D.2, Varvel VII.B, ITS 6.a)
    • jdowler
      jdowler on 19 Jan 19
       
      Just the nature of technology lends itself to multiple opportunities for collaboration such as we are engaging in right now.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 22 Jan 19
       
      To learn students need to interact not only with the content, but with the teacher and other students. As an online teacher we need to create many opportunities for all three.
  • Establishes standards for student behavior that are designed to ensure academic integrity and appropriate use of the internet and written communication (SREB E.2)
    • jdowler
      jdowler on 19 Jan 19
       
      Students will have issues with this as they begin using technology more often. At the middle school we use Go Guardian to monitor and control what students are doing in school and at home.
  • Assists students with technology used in the course (Varvel III.C)
    • jdowler
      jdowler on 19 Jan 19
       
      This is so much easier now with great tools such as screen castify and Zoom.
    • cararinehart
      cararinehart on 22 Jan 19
       
      I'm taking the OLLIE course to increase my comfort level with tools such as Diigo and screen castify. Super uncomfortable, feel like I'm in Kindergarten again - haha
  • Communicates assessment criteria and standards to students, including rubrics for student performances and participation
  • Selects and uses technologies appropriate to the content that enhance learning
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 20 Jan 19
       
      Sometimes teachers get caught up in the use of technology and it turns projects/ideas into busy work and more the struggle of the technology and not supplementing the learning as intended (GUILTY OF THIS MYSELF)
    • Kendra Carlson
      Kendra Carlson on 21 Jan 19
       
      Using technology appropriately is so important. Using it just to use it does not enhance anybody's learning nor does it make for effective instruction.
  • Knows the content of the subject to be taught and understands how to teach the content to students
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 20 Jan 19
       
      Vitally important and sometimes overlooked in some settings. Used to work in a school where they only had one certified teacher (a special education teacher) and two other aids in charge of over 50 students in close to a 100 different courses. How can we expect a teacher to be the expert in all these areas?
  • Selects and understands how to evaluate learning materials and resources that align with the context and enhance learning
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 20 Jan 19
       
      Is what we are asking students to do vital to learning the material or just simply filler that can cause students to lose interest or ambition
  • Has knowledge of and informs student of their rights to privacy and the conditions under which their work may be shared with others
    • annott
      annott on 21 Jan 19
       
      I need to do a better job of going over student rights to privacy, will have to make a note of this when planning online learning.
    • meinca92
      meinca92 on 23 Jan 19
       
      I think ethical use of intellectual property should be a major concern of all teachers, but in an online environment, it needs to be even more explicitly addressed.
  • Has knowledge of learning theory appropriate to online learning, which may include (but is not limited to) age and ability level, multiple intelligences, didactic conversation, student developmental influences, constructivism, behaviorism, cognitivism, connectivism, and group theory
    • annott
      annott on 21 Jan 19
       
      This makes me wonder how we can assess this part. Knowing where each student is developmentally can be difficult without data.
  • Creates a safe environment, managing conflict (Varvel VII.D, ITS 6.e)
    • cbangert
      cbangert on 21 Jan 19
       
      Just like in the classroom, it's important for online teachers to create a safe online learning environment, by getting to know students, communicating clear expectations, and addressing individual needs.
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 24 Jan 19
       
      Its important for students to feel safe when working or responding to other students questions online. Also lets students know that it is ok to have different opinions from classmates and that is ok.
  • Sets and models clear expectations for appropriate behavior and proper interaction (SREB D.6,
    • cbangert
      cbangert on 21 Jan 19
       
      Critical to establish this early, and set clear expectations for appropriate behavior for online discussions/interactions.
  • Utilizes a course evaluation and student feedback data to improve the course
    • Kendra Carlson
      Kendra Carlson on 21 Jan 19
       
      This stands out because without a check for understanding and feedback from students, it is hard to improve our instruction.
  • Provides opportunities that enable student self-assessment and pre-assessment within courses
    • Kendra Carlson
      Kendra Carlson on 21 Jan 19
       
      Giving students the opportunity to self-reflect provides greater feedback and perspective on their learning for the instructor. Reflection and self-assessment also provides another layer of accountability and ownership for the learner. Pre-assessment will help guide instruction to best meet the needs of the students.
    • meinca92
      meinca92 on 23 Jan 19
       
      Based on the article about online student learning styles, this aspect is essential for helping students be successful in an online course. Since the primary means of communication with all students is what is posted, those materials have to be very clear about assessment expectations.
  • Identifies and communicates learning outcomes and expectations through a course overview/orientation (Varvel IV.A, ITS 3.b)
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 23 Jan 19
       
      Communicating learning outcomes ties in directly with our district's SBL initiative
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 24 Jan 19
       
      I think students should be made aware of what the learning goals are for the day/week/unit. Lets them really focus in on what we as the teacher feel is important for them to know.
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 24 Jan 19
       
      I feel this would be hard for me to have a total year or half a year planned to push out to a online class. This is a great idea would just be a challenge for me.
  • Understands student motivation and uses techniques to engage students (Varvel V.D, ITS 4.d)
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 22 Jan 19
       
      Online courses are no different that face-to-face courses - teachers need to engage students for learning to take place. The days of sit-and-get are gone.
  • Demonstrates ethical conduct as defined by state law and local policies or procedures
  • using appropriate visual web design techniques
  • Selects and understands how to evaluate learning materials and resources that align with the context and enhance learning
    • meinca92
      meinca92 on 23 Jan 19
       
      This seems to be especially important to be able to provide content in a variety of modalities, but it also suggests that the instructor will need to develop effective skills in this area. That part seems a little daunting, especially in a world where apps come and go or change from free to fee-based.
  • Identifies and communicates learning outcomes and expectations through a course overview/orientation
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 24 Jan 19
       
      It is of the utmost importance that an online educator communicates the standards and expectations to their students up front in a clear and concise manner. ~K. Roberts (sorry- I had this set to private)
  • Tailors instruction to meet the different needs of students
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 24 Jan 19
       
      Just as in a Face-to-face classroom, online educators need to be aware of students' needs and backgrounds. They must create an environment where students are willing to share those needs. ~K. Roberts (sorry- I had this set to private)
  • available, approachable, positive, interactive, and sincere
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 24 Jan 19
       
      I think this might be the most important part of being a successful online teacher. Students must feel comfortable coming to/contacting their instructor, and instructors must make sure to come across as approachable and available. ~K. Roberts (Sorry- I had this set to private)
  • Has experienced online learning from the perspective of a student
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 24 Jan 19
       
      I think it is difficult for an online teacher to understand the ups and downs of online learning, as well as the student perspective, if they have never taken an online class themselves. ~K. Roberts (sorry- I had this set to private)
  • • Creates a learning community that encourages collaboration and interaction, including student-teacher, student-student, and student-content (SREB D.2, Varvel VII.B, ITS 6.a)
    • lissward
      lissward on 24 Jan 19
       
      This, to me, is critical in any sort of online course. The opportunities for rich collaboration and conversation between student and teacher, and students and their peers is incredible and so much of the power of the course would be lost without this!
  • • Tailors instruction to meet the different needs of students, including different learning styles, different interests and backgrounds, and students with special needs or whom are language learners (SREB C.7, Varvel V.H, ITS 4.c)
    • lissward
      lissward on 24 Jan 19
       
      As an educator who works with English Learners, this stuck out to me as essential. Special considerations will need to be taken when working with language learners or students with special needs in online courses. Things such as reading level, ability to communication in writing, and background knowledge will need to be carefully considered by the instructor when designing instruction.
  • Continuously uses data to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of instructional strategies (SREB J.7, ITS 1.c)
    • lissward
      lissward on 24 Jan 19
       
      I think this is one of the most important components of standard number one. It is absolutely critical that all instructional decisions are supported by data and that teachers are collecting the CORRECT data to help inform these decisions. I know this has been a big mind shift in my district.
  • Has experienced online learning from the perspective of a student (SREB F.1, Varvel II.E)
    • lissward
      lissward on 24 Jan 19
       
      This is one thing I really appreciate about this course-the opportunity to experience online learning as a student. It only makes sense, we all have had the experience of being in a face-to-face classroom before we set foot in the classroom as a traditional teacher. Why wouldn't we require the same for online instructors? I like that this gives me perspective and empathy for future online students.
  • Continuously uses data to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of instructional strategies (SREB J.7, ITS 1.c)
  • Demonstrates effective instructional strategies and techniques, appropriate for online education, that align with course objectives and assessment
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 06 Feb 19
       
      This will be important for developing a quality course
  • Knows and aligns instruction to the achievement goals of the local agency and the state, such as with the Iowa Core (Varvel I.A, ITS 1.f, ITS 3.a)
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 06 Feb 19
       
      It is important that your course is aligned with the standards.
  • Communicates with students effectively and consistently
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 11 Feb 19
       
      Always important in a teaching situation but maybe even more important in an online class. The students need to know where you stand and what needs to be done as well as who to go to for questions. The communication is key for all those moving parts to work together.
  • Maintains an online social presence that is available, approachable, positive, interactive, and sincere
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 11 Feb 19
       
      Obviously, if you expect your students to be active and present, you should be too. This is not only good for building camaraderie but also building support and allowing them to know who to go to if they have questions. Building relationships isn't just for face-to-face rooms.
  • • Understands student motivation and uses techniques to engage students (Varvel V.D, ITS 4.d)
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 11 Feb 19
       
      I think this is a really big idea when you are thinking of teaching courses for high schoolers that may lack that motivation. Changing up different methods and things like that help to keep them motivated to continue in the course.
  • Demonstrates growth in technology knowledge and skills in order to stay current with emerging technologies
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 11 Feb 19
       
      I like this one a lot. I think that a lot of teachers do these things in the classroom (building skills, scaffolding, etc) but then sometimes lose that ability a little bit in the online platform.
rhoadsb_

ollie-afe-2019: Article: Attributes from Effective Formative Assessment (CCSSO) - 0 views

moodlesw.aealearningonline.org/...view.php

shared by rhoadsb_ on 10 Apr 19 - No Cached
  • Because the formative assessment process helps students achieve intended learning outcomes based on explicit learning progressions, teachers must first identify and then communicate the instructional goal to students.
    • alisauter
      alisauter on 10 Apr 19
       
      The reason Learning Targets are so important to establish and communicate.
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 12 Apr 19
       
      Articulating goals in student friendly language is important so students know what the target is.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 13 Apr 19
       
      As our district moves forward to standards-based learning/grading, we need to change our mindset. Students need to see learning as more important that "getting a good grade'. We can help this process by sharing the learning targets with them.
    • jennham
      jennham on 13 Apr 19
       
      In order for the students to see that the learning is more important than the grade, educators also need to make that shift in thinking. As my son starts applying to colleges, it seems to be ALL about his grades. I know many of my sons' teachers also feel that getting a good grade is the end result. I think students as a whole would be more receptive to how much they have learned if their teachers modeled that as well.
    • annott
      annott on 16 Apr 19
       
      This is where the rubric comes into play. Students need to know or see what they will be evaluated on for the final product. I really like the idea of having students create their own rubric.
  • Effective formative assessment involves collecting evidence about how student learning is progressing during the course of instruction so that necessary instructional adjustments can be made to close the gap between students’ current understanding and the desired goals. Formative assessment is not an adjunct to teaching but, rather, integrated into instruction and learning with teachers and students receiving frequent feedback.
    • alisauter
      alisauter on 10 Apr 19
       
      People think this can be "scripted" but it really can't. Formative assessment CHANGES the teaching and learning processes to meet the needs of the learners. It is fluid.
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 13 Apr 19
       
      and I think it is difficult to say that formative assessment can close the gap. Imagine if classrooms waited for everyone to get something before moving on. Formative assessment is more beneficial, in my opinion, in small groups. If 90% of kids get an exit ticket correct, the class will likely move on. Even though we know that 10% don't get it.
    • jennham
      jennham on 13 Apr 19
       
      In an ideal situation you would move on, but the 10% would receive additional instruction in order to learn and understand what they didn't before. The trick is to find the time to do that. Every time we find time in order to make this happen it seems to get snatched up by something else that we need to do.
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 26 Apr 19
       
      This is something we can been discussing a great deal and whether we should include it in our grade books...with or without points and we do not give credit for formative assessments.
  • In self-assessment, students reflect on and monitor their learning using clearly explicated criteria for success.
    • alisauter
      alisauter on 10 Apr 19
       
      I think this is harder for some kids to do than others.
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 12 Apr 19
       
      I agree but if we did it more and across the curriculum we could help them all become better at it.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 14 Apr 19
       
      I find that kids are often more critical of themselves than I would be. Maybe it's false modesty, but when I've had students do a post-writing reflection or log, most of the time they think their writing is crap and they struggled more than I say in class. That is often eye opening since we think we know what happens in our classrooms, but it shouldn't be a surprise that students - like teachers - are experts at hiding their struggles.
  • ...51 more annotations...
  • Creating such a culture requires teachers to model these behaviors during interactions with students, to actively teach the classroom norms, and to build the students’ skills in constructive self- and peer-assessment. In this type of classroom culture, students will more likely feel they are collaborators with their teacher and peers in the learning process.
    • alisauter
      alisauter on 10 Apr 19
       
      This reminds me of the routines you have to build with elementary students each fall for things like centers, bell ringers, daily 5, etc. Even blended and flipped learning needs routines visited and revisited at the beginning.
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 11 Apr 19
       
      This is why I love the math curriculum I am using. The main focus is collaboration. Everyday students are expected to come up and share their work on how they solved the problem. Students enjoy learning from their classmates.
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 15 Apr 19
       
      It's interesting to me that in elementary we spend the time to create a culture, but many teachers ignore this in the secondary classroom.
  • Increasing numbers of educators regard formative assessment as a way not only to improve student learning, but also to increase student scores on significant achievement examinations.
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 10 Apr 19
       
      It is worrisome to me that the focus seems to be more on increasing student standardized test scores than increasing student learning/understanding. Which is better for the student in the long run?
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 17 Apr 19
       
      an agreed concern.....so much focus on standardized scores has changed focus to results instead of learning
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 30 Apr 19
       
      Do standardized tests provide value to our students, really? Cant say they do. Formative assessment is for guiding the teacher and student to learn, not take a test.
  • From a learning progression teachers have the big picture of what students need to learn, as well as sufficient detail for planning instruction to meet short-term goals.
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 10 Apr 19
       
      This is why it is important to begin each assignment with the end in mind. What do we want students to learn, how will we measure that learning, and how to we get there?
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 13 Apr 19
       
      Agreed. From a person interested in the content and the learning of their students this makes sense. From a practical perspective, I think a large portion of students would not find any value in this. I would guess over 50% would not read it and would not use it. Now, as a teacher, I can say you should have read this to know how to improve, that isn't a practical solution though. I think that has to come from application and purposeful relevancy.
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 14 Apr 19
       
      I also agree. As a teacher you need to know the end goal, and work backwards
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 26 Apr 19
       
      This is a great idea. I would love to get some of these set up. A great tool to use with students.
  • Descriptive feedback should be about the particular qualities of student learning with discussion or suggestions about what the student can do to improve. It should avoid comparisons with other pupils. Specific, timely feedback should be based on the learning goal and criteria for success. It should help the student answer three basic questions: Where am I going? Where am I now? How can I close the gap?
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 10 Apr 19
       
      It is of the utmost importance to make sure that students are only comparing their work to their prior efforts, as opposed to comparing their work to that of other students.
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 11 Apr 19
       
      I like the last 3 questions of the paragraph. Great questions for me to ask. It would be a nice way to have the students reflect after a test as well.
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 12 Apr 19
       
      I agree Matt, these questions can help students reflect on their learning, and it would be great to have all teachers use them so it becomes second nature to students.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 13 Apr 19
       
      I notice the word "timely". This is SO important but also so hard to do with teachers' workloads. Does anyone have something that works for both the teacher and student?
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 15 Apr 19
       
      I love this idea from Caitlin Tucker: https://catlintucker.com/2019/02/ask-yourself-why-am-i-grading-this/ So much of what we grade does not require a grade. Maybe if we make this adjustment, our work load would decrease.
    • annott
      annott on 16 Apr 19
       
      This is something that I have to continue to improve.
  • Alternatively, feedback could be given using a format such as “two stars and a wish,” which provides a structure for a student to identify two aspects of the work that are particularly strong (stars) and one aspect the peer might improve (a wish).
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 10 Apr 19
       
      I really like this idea, as it focuses on what students are doing well. It is much easier to take constructive criticism when it is couched with praise.
    • jennham
      jennham on 13 Apr 19
       
      I really like this idea as well! Phrasing it as "a wish" will be easier for the creator of the project to hear, but will also be easier for the evaluator to give. I know I have students who constantly say,"You don't need to change anything," not because they think that is true, but because they do not want to bruise anyone's feelings.
  • Formative assessment is a process used by teachers and students during instruction that provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve students’ achievement of intended instructional outcomes.
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 10 Apr 19
       
      Notice the definition does not say that formative assessments can't be graded. I am a proponent of grading formative assessments, but I have heard others say it should not be.
    • mpercy
      mpercy on 12 Apr 19
       
      I think Evan mentioned this in one of his video chats. He talked about the value of not grading the formative assessment but using it to enhance classroom discussion. Would this work in a math classroom?
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 12 Apr 19
       
      This is an excellent point. My first reaction was No! Don't grade it! But then I thought about the chapter reading quizzes I would give. In some ways these were formative because I wanted to see if students understood the chapter in the novel. In others, it was summative in that I wanted to hold students accountable for the reading. I did grade them. Hmmm...Interesting
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 14 Apr 19
       
      I think it is so interesting to consider not grading formative assessments. I feel like every time I give an assignment to students the first question they ask is "Will this go on my grade?"
    • annott
      annott on 16 Apr 19
       
      I think many times we ask students during a lesson, to give a number of fingers as to whether you understand what we just shared. And I had done that for many years, but never knew it was called formative assessment until a few years ago.
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 17 Apr 19
       
      I really enjoy that formative assessment can be done in so many different ways (verbally, a quiz, practice problems, exit tickets, review games, etc.....) I do get where Trevor is coming from though......very much a grade centric focus instead of a learning focus
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 30 Apr 19
       
      Exactly we need to get away from grading everything as we may not have taught the content in way that ll can learn. Use FA to guide instruction and improve student learning.
  • five attributes
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 10 Apr 19
       
      1. Learning Progressions 2. Learning Goals 3. Descriptive Feedback 4. Self- and Peer-Assessment 5. Collaboration
  • Descriptive Feedback:
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 10 Apr 19
       
      This is by far the most important part of formative assessment for students. Teachers need to provide timely, informative feedback, so that students can learn from their mistakes.
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 14 Apr 19
       
      Agreed! The feedback piece is the most important by far, and you mentioned how important it is to have it in a timely manner!
  • Self- and Peer-Assessment
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 10 Apr 19
       
      Peer assessment is the most difficult for all parties involved. It is difficult for students to critique each other's work appropriately and it is difficult for students to receive feedback from peers. It is also difficult for teachers to model appropriate behaviors for peer assessment.
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 14 Apr 19
       
      I agree. It is always hard to get students to do this the right way. The idea behind it is awesome though, if you could somehow get students to appropriately evaluate their classmates work.
  • The students must be actively involved in the systematic process intended to improve their learning. The process requires the teacher to share learning goals with students and provide opportunities for students to monitor their ongoing progress.
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 10 Apr 19
       
      I like this idea about students having an active process. This would be very valuable for both the student and teacher. If the student has more of an active process by setting goals and monitoring them I feel they would have sense of ownership in the process. Very powerful when they feel this way.
    • Deborah Cleveland
      Deborah Cleveland on 12 Apr 19
       
      I agree. I think it would increase student ownership of the learning process.
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 17 Apr 19
       
      Totally agree! Student choice and voice is an important piece that I think we miss out on frequently in education
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 30 Apr 19
       
      If students are not involved in the process they will see it as a check box.
  • To support both self- and peer-assessment, the teacher must provide structure and support so students learn to be reflective of their own work and that of their peers, allowing them to provide meaningful and constructive feedback.
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 11 Apr 19
       
      This is something that I need to do a better job of. I've thought about using math journals where students could reflect on on their own work and that of their peers when peer evaluating. The lack of time is the excuse.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 12 Apr 19
       
      It's not an excuse; it's a reality. When you have over 100 students, it's impossible to give them as much attention as you would like.
  • This will provide students with a reasonably clear idea of the analytic skills they are to develop and also provide them with the tools required to assess their own written analyses.
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 11 Apr 19
       
      Hopefully being careful that students are not just regurgitating information. Sometimes I think we get wrapped up in getting content and skills across we don't notice ourselves spoon feeding.
  • This involves moving from the early stages of reasoning based on simple observation to the more complex stages based on indirect observation and the synthesis of multiple sources of information.
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 11 Apr 19
       
      Which happens at different times for different students. Some may have already accomplished it while others need more scaffolding to achieve it.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 12 Apr 19
       
      True! I think these kinds of complex skills are exactly the ones that might be worth the time for formal formative feedback so students and teachers see who has it and who doesn't.
  • A classroom culture in which teachers and students are partners in learning should be established.
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 11 Apr 19
       
      Honestly, I forget this part the most of the 5 categories. I am not the CEO, but more a manager.
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 13 Apr 19
       
      I like this one the most. It is all about relationships!!!
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 14 Apr 19
       
      I agree! However that quote goes "Students don't care how much you know, until they know how much you care."
    • annott
      annott on 16 Apr 19
       
      This may be the most important attribute.
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 16 Apr 19
       
      I think this might be most important attribute of all. Culture and climate are so important. Kids will work hard for you even if they don't want to do the project if you have a good relationship with them.
  • without dissent:
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 11 Apr 19
       
      Amazing to me that no one disagreed. Worries me about groupthink occurring at that meeting. I'm not saying I disagree with the definition, but that really amazes me there was no dissent.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 12 Apr 19
       
      I imagine if people were at a meeting about formative assessment, they would all be on the same page to begin with. I imagine this was merely a wordsmithing session and less of deliberate one.
  • is to provide evidence that is used by teachers
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 12 Apr 19
       
      depending on what I'm looking for, formative assessment can sometimes be more effective for just me. Often my students don't really know (or care) where they are in the grand scheme of things, but I need to know so I can determine our course.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 12 Apr 19
       
      I did have students use their comprehension quizzes as a formative assessment. If they did not get 8/10, I had them write a note on the quiz as to why. Did they just not do the reading? Did the read it while multi-tasking? Did they read it but just not get it? I was hoping to make them aware of their learning and why it was not where it should be when considering reading comprehension of a novel. But then, maybe I should not have graded it??
  • a process rather than a particular kind of assessment.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 12 Apr 19
       
      This is where it gets difficult for me sometimes. The recursive aspect is difficult when dealing with a common course that is supposed to stay on track with other sections led by other teachers. Having the ability to be flexible with instruction is essential, but when "aligned" with other teachers, that flexibility can be constrained.
  • informal observations and conversations to purposefully planned instructionally embedded techniques designed to elicit evidence of student learning
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 12 Apr 19
       
      Many teachers do a lot of formative assessment in the way of observation, listening, even questioning. In an online setting, this is the part that harder. But as standards move more to skills and concepts rather than just knowledge, those "embedded techniques" might be a piece that's missing. Many times when students "miss the mark" on the test, it's because there was a disconnect in what they thought they were supposed to know or lack of feedback on what they were supposed to do.
  • offers enough substantive information to allow the student an opportunity to identify ways to move learning forward.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 12 Apr 19
       
      The use of models here is the key though. Sometimes this info isn't enough if they have seen or heard many speeches that do this (and most kids haven't).
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 12 Apr 19
       
      As a former writing teacher, I never doubted the power of the feedback. The problem was finding the time. I could not read 100+ papers twice: once formative and second summative. It was a struggle to provide the feedback they needed and survive the job.
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 14 Apr 19
       
      I teach Math so I can't imagine what it is like trying to provide timely feedback for writing assignments. I think it's hard enough to do it with math homework when the student is missing a piece of the equation or something.
  • they can take an active role in planning, monitoring, and evaluating their own progress.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 12 Apr 19
       
      I've always felt that one of the biggest benefits of peer-assessment has nothing to do with the feedback--it has to do with perspective. When a student sees how another student approached a writing prompt or a problem or a process, it allows them to look differently at their own work. If the only thing students ever see is the the teacher's thinking and their own, it can limit their understanding.
  • supporting students as they monitor and take responsibility for their own learning
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 12 Apr 19
       
      This is something almost all teachers would like more of, but it's hard for students to do that if we don't give them the success criteria, vocabulary, and feedback to help them be more independent in reaching our expectations.
  • a formative tes
    • Deborah Cleveland
      Deborah Cleveland on 12 Apr 19
       
      I always wonder about this when I hear teachers saying that they are using plc time to develop "common formative assessments".
    • annott
      annott on 16 Apr 19
       
      You have a valid point Deborah. Should we have common formative assessments or not? According to this article it's an ongoing process throughout a lesson and should be adaptive to each teacher.
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 26 Apr 19
       
      I think it is one more item in education we do not have time to create...common formative assessments.
  • teachers and students
    • Deborah Cleveland
      Deborah Cleveland on 12 Apr 19
       
      Shouldn't all teaching and learning involve educators and students? lol.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 13 Apr 19
       
      I feel that all too often teachers think of weekly quizzes as formative assessment. Unfortunately, those weekly quizzes are often not used to adjust teaching. This definition says it is a PROCESS. I don't think many teachers think of it that way.
    • annott
      annott on 16 Apr 19
       
      I agree Barb, I know I don't think of it as a process. I need to work on that.
  • meta-cognitively
    • Deborah Cleveland
      Deborah Cleveland on 12 Apr 19
       
      Asking students to think metacognatively about learning will hopefully make them more efficient learners in the future.
  • Learning Goals and Criteria for Success: Learning goals and criteria for success should be clearly identified and communicated to students.
    • Deborah Cleveland
      Deborah Cleveland on 12 Apr 19
       
      While I am not in classrooms very often, almost all of them do this. I feel like this is something that teachers have made a real effort to do.
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 13 Apr 19
       
      Agreed. However, in my experience, most students don't care. It is kind of like showing them standards. Even in kid friendly language, they largely don't care. I think this article brings up lots of good information, but the reality of practice is much different than the reality of the folks coming up with these things.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 12 Apr 19
       
      Formative assessments gives teachers the checkpoints of learning with their students. It informs their instruction of what to do next.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 12 Apr 19
       
      I like how this clarifies that there are many different types of formative assessments.
  • and show the trajectory of learning along which students are expected to progress
    • annott
      annott on 16 Apr 19
       
      As I learn more about scaffolding, I think that is a good way to cover learning progression.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 12 Apr 19
       
      Progressions give teachers and students a pathway of learning.
  • evidence-based feedback
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 13 Apr 19
       
      ha ha ha...again a reality of practice. You can't reliably do this for 150 kids and every formative assessment. What about the informal formative assessments? Technology can help with this, but again it has to be setup to do so.
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 14 Apr 19
       
      I think you bring up a valid point. We really need to spend the time giving feedback, but I am wondering what is the difference between informal vs formal feedback. I have seen teachers use an "autopsy" after certain assignments so major issues are address large group. Often students tend to make similar mistakes.
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 16 Apr 19
       
      Giving feed back to every student is all most impossible to do in a timely matter if you 100+ students. I like the idea of addressing major mistakes as a large group because like Megan said most times multiple students make the same mistake or have the same problem.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 12 Apr 19
       
      Students should also be given descriptive feedback.
  • involving students in decisions about how to move learning forward are illustrations of students and teachers working together in the teaching and learning process.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 12 Apr 19
       
      I like this idea of student feedback. This is a very powerful tool.
  • teachers and students
    • mpercy
      mpercy on 12 Apr 19
       
      It is really important to get students to take ownership of their learning.
  • In addition to communicating the nature of the instructional goal, teachers must provide the criteria by which learning will be assessed so that students will know whether they are successfully progressing toward the goal. This information should be communicated using language readily understood by students, and may be accompanied by realistic examples of those that meet and do not meet the criteria.
    • mpercy
      mpercy on 12 Apr 19
       
      How is this best accomplished? Does using an "I can" statement at the start of a math lesson accomplish this goal? I tend to think my students are not really interested in these statements. This also seems to feel like a time consuming requirement for a teacher. I feel a time crunch with just getting the lesson taught and giving kids a little work time in class.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 12 Apr 19
       
      And I am wondering, does this apply to adult learners in a PD setting?
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 30 Apr 19
       
      We are going down this road in more detail in our district now with SBG and rubrics are essential to learning and the communication to students.
  • Helping students think meta-cognitively about their own learning fosters the idea that learning is their responsibility
    • mpercy
      mpercy on 12 Apr 19
       
      I need to include more opportunities for this as I think it is really important for students to take ownership of their learning.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 13 Apr 19
       
      I've always tried to do this as I teach high school math. I love that math has a right answer but there are multiple ways to get it. I always tell students that we are filling their "toolbox" as we learn strategies to solving problems. Ultimately, though, it is up to them to make sense of what "tool" works best for them.
  • However, for students to be actively and successfully involved in their own learning, they must feel that they are bona fide partners in the learning process.
    • mpercy
      mpercy on 12 Apr 19
       
      I think this sounds right but is it attainable with all students? Or more importantly how is it attainable. Several of my students come to mind that really don't express a desire to learn Algebra or Geometry and I have not been successful in changing that attitude!
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 12 Apr 19
       
      This is very doable, I think, when working with adult learners in a PD environment.
    • jennham
      jennham on 13 Apr 19
       
      I feel that is is doable, but I also feel it will be an uphill battle all the way with some students. It is very hard to overcome, in one week or month or year, the baggage some kids bring with them. However, this isn't a new struggle to us or to them. Anything and everything that helps them to succeed is what we will do!
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 15 Apr 19
       
      Jen, YES! It takes time for our students to trust us to build a partnership. We need to realize that trust is built one small moment at a time.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 12 Apr 19
       
      Interesting...I have never heard of this group nor heard of this initiative. Education is a complex world
  • short-term goals to keep track of how well their students’ learning is moving forward.
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 12 Apr 19
       
      Learning progressions are a great way to scaffold and have those checkpoints to see where students are at and help identify where students need assistance.
    • whsfieldbio
      whsfieldbio on 17 Apr 19
       
      I agree that checkpoints or formative assessments during a learning progression are extremely important. Without, a student could easily go through the motions and when it came to the summative assessment they would completely fail.
  • inform instruction and learning
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 13 Apr 19
       
      I think there are constant examples of assessment informing instruction in classrooms. I find it interesting the formal formative assessment argument seems to hold water but informal or on the fly decisions in a classroom are not typically seen as quality modifications due to formative assessment since they are not done with hard data, but rather subjective data.
  • A teacher needs to have modeled good feedback with students and talked about what acceptable and unacceptable comments look like in order to have created a safe learning environment.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 14 Apr 19
       
      Modeling is, of course, always the most effective, but how do we move students beyond just copying the model? I find most of my upper level, grade-grubbing, high-achieving students will stop taking intellectual risks the more I model. They don't want to be "wrong" so they play it safe.
  • Sharing learning goals and criteria for success with students
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 15 Apr 19
       
      We need to spend more time sharing goals with our students.
  • The teacher might first offer students a paraphrased version of that goal such as, “You will be able to judge the strengths and weaknesses of arguments in the editorials you find in our daily newspapers.” The teacher would discuss the criteria for evaluating arguments and then provide several examples of critiques of political essays
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 16 Apr 19
       
      I think its a good idea to show students some sort of example of what you are expecting from them. Especially if its the first time you try something in your class.
  • Both self- and peer-assessment are important
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 16 Apr 19
       
      I think both self and peer assessment are a great idea. It's always good for student to self reflect on their work but its also good for them to hear feedback from classmates instead of just the teacher all the time.
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 17 Apr 19
       
      Peer reflection and peer learning to me is almost as valuable as teacher reflection. I think students learn better from peers than teachers in lots of situations because students can explain in their own language
  • inform and adjust instruction
    • whsfieldbio
      whsfieldbio on 17 Apr 19
       
      I see a disconnect in utilization of formative assessment data to adjust instruction in elementary compared to secondary classrooms. K-5 teachers seem to be more knowledgable and willing to change instruction where secondary teachers struggle. Perhaps it's the number of students or race against the curriculum map, but I have observed that formative assessment data may come back showing poor understanding, but teachers keep moving forward.
  • The success criterion that the teacher gives them is, “Include any properties or rules that may apply in your explanation.”
    • whsfieldbio
      whsfieldbio on 17 Apr 19
       
      As I read this example I think about how this activity could be put online. You could easily to a screencast or Flipgrid "think-a-loud" to explain thinking and meet the criteria of the teacher. This could be done individually or in a small group.
  • Students then need time to reflect on the feedback they have received to make changes or improvements.
    • whsfieldbio
      whsfieldbio on 17 Apr 19
       
      I think this is a missed opportunity in classes. It is important to build in time to reflect, becuase students may not review this on their own. I thinking it's equally important to model what self reflection looks like and how it can be used to improve outcomes. It's just another layer of scaffolding.
  • investigate the past from a range of sources of information,
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 18 Apr 19
       
      This is how I get my students excited about inquiries. They get to play detective and have fun with the information that they are diving into.
  • in increasingly sophisticated ways
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 18 Apr 19
       
      This is where I allow my students to work on their own and really challenge themselves. This idea that a student can progress on their own gives them a sense of ownership and ability to make their own path.
  • provide an explanation
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 18 Apr 19
       
      I love this! I do something similar when it comes to quick writes in my class. The first quick write that we do, I take a great, a good, and a needs work. I post all three of them (without names) and then go over why we think as a class each got the score they did. Great way to build skills.
  • self-reflective b
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 18 Apr 19
       
      Self-reflection is huge! Now that we are moving towards SBG, I have tried working in more and more self-reflection into my rubrics. I want them thinking about what they did. On all my essays, they go through the rubric first and determine their score and add comments as to why they think they should get that score and then I go in after and grade and we can sort of compare.
anonymous

Adaptive Learning System Articles - 1 views

moodlesw.aealearningonline.org/...view.php

shared by anonymous on 06 Apr 18 - No Cached
  • adaptive learning products in their current state is as tutors
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 06 Apr 18
       
      Interesting comparison that adaptive learning products are like tutors.  Comprehensive programming guides the student depending on correct/incorrect answers to questions on specific topics.  Teachers might not catch that a student would benefit from reteach or additional practice as quickly as a comprehensive program.  Thus freeing the teacher to monitor, facilitate, and assist students as needed while the program leads students through the lesson based on their understanding of the concept.  
  • adaptive learning systems are not magic.
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 06 Apr 18
       
      Important statement to remember adaptive learning systems are not end all - beat all.  They won't solve every problem but choosing best fit for school's needs can improve teaching efficiency and increase learning if implemented with integrity.
  • risk damaging the credibility of faculty while denying students support that could improve their chances of success
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 07 Apr 18
       
      Ahhh.. if we could get over ourselves and do what is best for students.  Each student should receive what is needed to help them succeed.  Personal health issues for me have cemented this more than ever.  I can't study, read, or complete work like I did before.  I choose to keep trying but without changing lighting on my screen or turning blue light off I wouldn't be able to read this article.  How much do our students struggle that have not been identified and receive adaptive technology?  
  • ...25 more annotations...
  • on-demand data aggregating that information.
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 07 Apr 18
       
      Isn't this what we have been talking about for at least a decade?  Let's get that data in the most efficient way so we can help students… work smarter not harder (that's said for students and staff).
    • Jen Van Fleet
      Jen Van Fleet on 08 Apr 18
       
      I once did a demo of GoFormative's ability to gauge students' progress toward or beyond mastery of learning targets, and a teacher in the room nearly hugged me in response to the potential of recouping some time going forward.
  • Students can also get a clearer idea of when they’re ready to move on.
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 07 Apr 18
       
      This is important to students but also to parents/guardians.  I had parents in my office yesterday with real, valid concerns about their child's grades.  Real-time response keeps everyone involved apprised of the learning or lack of it.
  • only communication they may have with students is via email and Skype
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 07 Apr 18
       
      I have benefited from synchronized meetings in classes during this program.  I can only imagine how much more students and teacher benefits from adaptive learning especially online.
  • they’ll be able to focus on the right work.
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 07 Apr 18
       
      This comment strongly resinates with me.  I cringe thinking of years I probably didn't have students working on right work because I didn't know better. Students that showed mastery early that should have been challenged with deeper level learning or some real-world application of the skill.  Big sigh… at least we know better now.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 24 Apr 18
       
      I noticed this when I made the transition from my personal lessons to EverFi. They focused on what the students' needs were.
  • you should plan today for success with tomorrow’s technology.
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 07 Apr 18
       
      That sure hits it on the nail head.  Tech is changing and advancing every minute of every day.  We still work on computers considered dinosaurs, desktops that do not allow for being portable learners or flexible learning groups.  Funding is a major issue and willingness to plan for future tech could be difficult for change makers.  At least there are trailblazers out there leading the way.
  • Adding the tech makes it possible to personalize at scale
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 07 Apr 18
       
      That is a great statement.  I hadn't thought of it that way. Of course we, as teachers are/should be providing ways for individual students to succeed.  But adding tech and the ability to efficiently personalize needs (time, data-driven) in large numbers shows greater impact.
  • "We should build the technology around the teachers to empower them and put them at the center of the story.
    • brarykat
      brarykat on 07 Apr 18
       
      I personally have worked hard for my degrees.  I think Ben-Naim has a valid point in keeping the teacher center to learning.  Maybe the teacher needs to be intuitive enough to recognize when to be center, when to pull back, and when to facilitate.
    • tifinif
      tifinif on 09 Apr 18
       
      I think for more teachers to be on board with PLE we need to emphasize that the teacher is still key to the learning. Tech can be a great assistant in helping to suppliment what needs to be learned or give opportunities for enrichment.
  • The root of the problem is not the adaptive technology itself so much as the belief that a “good” education is entirely quantifiable and therefore manageable by computer.
    • Mike Radue
      Mike Radue on 07 Apr 18
       
      As with other issues in our culture, there is a tendency to take things to the extremes when what is truly needed is a balance somewhere towards the middle. The best education is leveraged with technology and teachers working in concert.
    • Jen Van Fleet
      Jen Van Fleet on 08 Apr 18
       
      Agreed. Not to mention that if as educators we put all our stock into an adaptive program and thus ourselves in auto pilot, we've teched ourselves right out of relevance. Teacher knowledge of students and the ability to craft an educational experience that could and should include but not be limited to adaptive technology is the key.
  • Adaptive learning technology helps online students make sure they use their learning time as efficiently and productively as possible.
    • Mike Radue
      Mike Radue on 07 Apr 18
       
      I think this comment speaks to one of the biggest benefits of adaptive learning which is maximizing learner's and teacher's time. Adaptive learning helps both parties zone in on what gaps need to be filled and what concepts expanded for example.
    • tifinif
      tifinif on 09 Apr 18
       
      Exactly! This keeps kids moving forward and engaged.
    • jwalt15
      jwalt15 on 10 Apr 18
       
      I agree with both of you. Adaptive learning zeros in on what the student knows and doesn't know about a concept. The data helps the teacher focus instruction on what the student needs.
  • To be clear, when we say “adaptive learning” we are referring to it as both a concept and a tool.
    • Mike Radue
      Mike Radue on 07 Apr 18
       
      This is a good way to describe adaptive learning. The concepts have been the subject of much discussion/research for years but as we know technology improves at a much faster rate. Our technical capabilities are expanding faster than we can apply concepts effectively one could argue. The proliferation of options, platforms, systems has given rise to a robust industry/economy related to adaptive learning.
  • "Our partners are the experts in their target market," noted David Kuntz, vice president of research and adaptive learning at Knewton. "They create the application and pass us the data. We process that data and make a set of actionable inferences about the students, and then pass those back to the application, and the partner decides how and when to render those for the student."
    • Mike Radue
      Mike Radue on 07 Apr 18
       
      I find this business model very interesting. Experts focused on a specific aspect of a project all contributing to supporting the success of learners. I marvel at the programmer's ability to write algorithms to make decisions and create learning pathways adapted to the learner's needs.
  • The better approach, from both educational and labor perspectives, is to examine each tool on a case-by-case basis with an open mind, insist on demystifying explanations of how it works, embrace the tools that make educational sense, and think hard about how having them could empower you to be a better teacher and provide your students with richer educational experiences.
    • Jen Van Fleet
      Jen Van Fleet on 08 Apr 18
       
      Definitely. It doesn't have to be an us vs them mentality. Allowing technology to automate some of the work that bogs us down on the daily allows us to use our face to face time with students in the best way possible.
  • especially at times when a professor isn’t available to give help.
    • Jen Van Fleet
      Jen Van Fleet on 08 Apr 18
       
      I love that our students/teachers with obligations after school can use adaptive tech to continue a shared mission despite schedules.
  • who is doing well, who is struggling on which concepts, and what areas are most difficult for the class as a whole.
    • tifinif
      tifinif on 09 Apr 18
       
      For this reason, I like that lessons can be adaptive. Think about the kid who has mastered the lesson who should be able to move on but can't because the teacher has to help those who don't understand. The kid that "has it" will become bored. This is a great way to challenge kids as well has help give help to those who need it.
  • tive tech can help them get past those hurdles with a little extra help, or can alert the teacher in time to step in, so those students are more likely to receive their diplomas.
    • tifinif
      tifinif on 09 Apr 18
       
      What adaptive technolies are offered at the college level? Are they free to students or do they pay? I can see this as being beneficial for those students who work jobs, go to school and even have a family to take care of.
  • Teachers won’t have to work individually with students for hours to assess which skills each student needs help with,
    • jwalt15
      jwalt15 on 10 Apr 18
       
      This is definitely a pro argument for adaptive learning because teachers can view student reports to learn what concepts in whichj students are struggling. Then they can target their small group instruction to those students and concepts.
  • The data produced by adaptive learning tech allows faculty to steer those conversations in the directions most important to helping the student succeed.
    • jwalt15
      jwalt15 on 10 Apr 18
       
      In online learning, this can be a real time benefit to both the teacher and the student. Questions and conversations can be focused on what is most important.
  • Personalization in teaching and learning happens best when content delivery, assessment, and mastery are “adapted” to meet students’ unique needs and abilities.
    • jwalt15
      jwalt15 on 10 Apr 18
       
      This statement does a good job of connecting personalized and adaptive learning. Content delivery, assessment, and mastery can be adapted and personalized to meet the needs of the student.
  • Imagine if every student in your class could have a private tutor, available to them at any time for as long as they need.
    • hansenn
      hansenn on 10 Apr 18
       
      Yes, adaptive learning products will act as private tutors for some of the students, but I don't think it will the same for all students. Some students would need that personal touch from a real person to get motivated. I think it would be more inportant for younger students to have interaction with a real person.
  • Do you trust the tutor to teach the right
    • hansenn
      hansenn on 10 Apr 18
       
      You would have to spend a while testing out the products to see, which one would work the best for your students and your class. Especially when some of them are so costly. Who would you have test out the products? I would think it would be teachers who have taught the material before.
  • Adaptive technology can follow a student’s progress as they work and recognize which concepts they’ve mastered and in which areas they need further instruction.
    • hansenn
      hansenn on 10 Apr 18
       
      The quick feedback would help the student to understand what they know and what they do not know. Teachers cannot provide feedback as fast and then change the instruction as the adaptive technologies. With larger class sizes it would be nearly impossible to provide quick feedback without the help of Tech.
  • Institutions around the world are engaged in serious explorations of the potential of an approach to instruction and remediation that uses technology
    • hansenn
      hansenn on 10 Apr 18
       
      I would think all kinds of companies would be interested in adaptive technologies to help educate their employees. If you added in some VR the adaptive learning tech could add in some real world learning like simulators.
  • Help teachers adapt lessons.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 24 Apr 18
       
      I found this to be true with EverFi / Ignition. It serves as a supplement to my lessons.
  • next generation solution many institutions would benefit greatly from adopting
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 24 Apr 18
       
      It may be difficult for my generation to comprehend this. It's our students who will be the ones with the next uniquely better innovation.
  • adaptive learning is that it frees up faculty members to spend more time with students, to work with them in small groups and individually
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 24 Apr 18
       
      I can relate with this. Students who aren't afraid to fail will get the furthest with the least amount of teacher help. They work very well independently. Others who may have the "fear of failing" may need more teacher assistance. Adaptive learning frees me up to help those in need.
leipoldc

ollie-afe-2020: Article: Attributes from Effective Formative Assessment (CCSSO) - 3 views

moodlesw.aealearningonline.org/...view.php

shared by leipoldc on 12 Apr 20 - No Cached
  • Formative assessment is a process used by teachers and students during instruction that provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve students’ achievement of intended instructional outcomes
    • tkofoot
      tkofoot on 12 Apr 20
       
      Everything we do is to improve student achievement. This helps us going future instruction.
    • maryhumke
      maryhumke on 12 Apr 20
       
      WE hear data driven decisions so often but this is a such a clear definition of why we base instructional decisions on data.
  • Formative assessment is not an adjunct to teaching but, rather, integrated into instruction and learning with teachers and students receiving frequent feedbac
    • tkofoot
      tkofoot on 12 Apr 20
       
      It is important to do this as students are doing work, having group discussion, and possibly by another adult that can step in the room. One person may observe learning or needs that another cannot.
  • In this type of classroom culture, students will more likely feel they are collaborators with their teacher and peers in the learning process.
    • tkofoot
      tkofoot on 12 Apr 20
       
      This collaboration is important. Students need to feel like they have respect and "own" their learning. I teach Special Ed, so I always give students a way to own their instruction and opportunities to improve.
    • maryhumke
      maryhumke on 13 Apr 20
       
      I agree. Not all kids are risk takers so when they feel supported they are more likely open up with the others in the learning process
    • ravelinga
      ravelinga on 14 Apr 20
       
      This is the direction I really want to go in my classrooms. It is transitioning my students from passive to more active learners. The part that I have work on is building the class norms and modeling them properly in my class.
    • Val Rosenthal
      Val Rosenthal on 15 Apr 20
       
      A classroom culture where there is collaboration between teacher and students in the learning process would be so exciting. I think it would hold students more accountable when they are part of their own process.
  • ...29 more annotations...
  • Because the formative assessment process helps students achieve intended learning outcomes based on explicit learning progressions, teachers must first identify and then communicate the instructional goal to students
    • tkofoot
      tkofoot on 12 Apr 20
       
      This is an important statement. Students need to know the instructional goal. I do think this is missed. It is a good reminder for me moving forward. I feel like I do this, but what does that look like?
    • nkrager
      nkrager on 13 Apr 20
       
      Agreed! However, I struggle to find that most students don't "care" about this goal unless you make it relevant to them right now. (And even with this some don't care.) I would love for students to buy in to what we are all doing in our classrooms and understand the bigger pictures, then they would understand the learning progressions.
    • ravelinga
      ravelinga on 14 Apr 20
       
      The communication of the end goal is something that I need to do a better job with. I think I will have better outcomes from my formative assessment when my students see there purpose rather than just me.
    • jhatcher
      jhatcher on 17 Apr 20
       
      My new curriculum is all about the I Can statements and reviewing it at the end, so this is very helpful. I agree with the comment above- Now to motivate the students to care!
  • Learning progressions describe how concepts and skills build in a domain, and show the trajectory of learning along which students are expected to progress. From a learning progression teachers have the big picture of what students need to learn, as well as sufficient detail for planning instruction to meet short-term goals. They are able to connect formative assessment opportunities to the short-term goals to keep track of how well their students’ learning is moving forward.
    • maryhumke
      maryhumke on 13 Apr 20
       
      I have enjoyed our course work on this. It has made me really think the steps between objection and assessment.
    • jhatcher
      jhatcher on 17 Apr 20
       
      I agree with you. The Progression diagram that I have made 2 different times has really helped me understand how to break the learning down. Trying to make sure students are achieving at each step is so important to their success.
  • It should help the student answer three basic questions: Where am I going? Where am I now? How can I close the gap?
    • maryhumke
      maryhumke on 13 Apr 20
       
      I will remember these questions Often feedback is just a general statement of good job. These questions will drive student with specific feedback.
    • Val Rosenthal
      Val Rosenthal on 15 Apr 20
       
      I really like the idea of posing those questions to the students and make them more engaged in their learning and the skill of really knowing where they are in the learning progression.
    • emilysjohnson
      emilysjohnson on 16 Apr 20
       
      I imagine the learning progressions posted on the wall and when conferring with students, posing the questions - where are you now? where are you going? how will you get there?
    • Michelle Murray
      Michelle Murray on 16 Apr 20
       
      I think posing the questions to students would be a great way to have them do some self-reflection. That would also help the teacher to understand the students' perception of where they are and be able to give appropriate feedback. For example, a teacher might think a student is doing something well because they have evidence of that, but it would help to know if the student felt they knew it well enough so that they could replicate it in the future.
  • student- and peer-assessment should not be used in the formal grading process.
    • maryhumke
      maryhumke on 13 Apr 20
       
      I think this is very important. There are too many variables in peer statements and comments.
    • leipoldc
      leipoldc on 25 Apr 20
       
      I agree. Peer assessment is meant to help both students learn something new and reflect on their learning/work from a non-teacher perspective.
  • Sharing learning goals and criteria for success with students, supporting students as they monitor and take responsibility for their own learning, helping students to provide constructive feedback to each other, and involving students in decisions about how to move learning forward are illustrations of students and teachers working together in the teaching and learning process.
    • nkrager
      nkrager on 13 Apr 20
       
      I want to increase this in my classroom so if you have ideas, please do share! :) I want students to feel comfortable with this process and care about the learning progressions we are moving through. I want there to be good peer feedback and not just students "jumping through the hoops" so that they themselves get better at the big ideas and collaboration pieces.
    • maryhumke
      maryhumke on 13 Apr 20
       
      I think this is very important. There are too many variables in peer statements and comments.
  • You must also relate your explanation to one of the properties we have been discussing in class to indicate the reason the steps were incorrect.” Again, the students know the goal, where their response differed from the criteria, and how they can improve their explanations.
  • Effective formative assessment involves collecting evidence about how student learning is progressing during the course of instruction so that necessary instructional adjustments can be made to close the gap between students’ current understanding and the desired goals.
    • nkrager
      nkrager on 13 Apr 20
       
      These are only effective when teachers/students use them to drive the instruction further. It is not enough to just say that we are doing formative assessments but then disregarding the data that they give us. Changes and adaptions must be made to successfully move all students forward with the material.
    • bhauswirth
      bhauswirth on 13 Apr 20
       
      I agree. I think this also goes with doing a pretest or pre assessment. What data are you trying to get and what are you actually going to do with that data to enhance your teaching and to adjust your teaching for your students.
    • jhatcher
      jhatcher on 17 Apr 20
       
      Really packed classrooms of students can make this so difficult!
  • A second important part of the definition is its unequivocal requirement that the formative assessment process involve both teachers and students. The students must be actively involved in the systematic process intended to improve their learning.
    • nkrager
      nkrager on 13 Apr 20
       
      So important to build this process in our classrooms so that students take ownership of their learning and want to do better. (I would love tips on how to do this better in my own room if anyone has some!) :)
    • jessed44
      jessed44 on 18 Apr 20
       
      Getting students to consistently take ownership of their learning has been one of the most difficult tasks of my career. Intrinsic motivation is key, but by definition, it has to come from within a student There are things a teacher can do, such as offer freedom and choice, but this can be very difficult for students that do not buy in.
  • a process used by teachers and students
    • lwinter14
      lwinter14 on 13 Apr 20
       
      It's important to emphasize that it is a process used both by teachers AND students. I think too often, students don't realize how much informaiton a formative assessment can also provide them and help them with goal-setting for future lessons.
    • bhauswirth
      bhauswirth on 13 Apr 20
       
      I think that most teachers use formative assessments throughout their lesson plans and teaching without even knowing that they are doing it!
    • ravelinga
      ravelinga on 14 Apr 20
       
      This is why I liked the learning progression activity. It put the use of formative assessments front and center when creating units. Something I need to do better with.
    • leipoldc
      leipoldc on 25 Apr 20
       
      I agree that teachers have been using the formative assessment process before it was given a name. I think they knew they were doing it and because it is good practice, gave it a name.
  • These range from informal observations and conversations to purposefully planned instructionally embedded techniques designed to elicit evidence of student learning to inform and adjust instruction.
    • lwinter14
      lwinter14 on 13 Apr 20
       
      It's always interesting to hear the groans from students if I announce that we are going to have a more formal formative assessment (such as a quick 2-3 question quiz) vs. the simpler formative assessments that I conduct daily in terms of having conversations with students/groups or thumbs up/thumbs down. There's this misconception with students (at least my own) in that if I announce we are having an assessment, it suddenly becomes more important than the daily check-ins.
  • The process requires the teacher to share learning goals with students and provide opportunities for students to monitor their ongoing progress.
    • lwinter14
      lwinter14 on 13 Apr 20
       
      In my building we've spent a few professional development sessions on crafting student-friendly learning targets that we regularly communicate to students and that students can communicate back to us. We are working on how we can better have students monitoring their own progress at reaching those learning goals. I think it's critical that the learning targets are student-friendly so that it becomes easier for them to monitor their own progress.
    • Val Rosenthal
      Val Rosenthal on 15 Apr 20
       
      The communication piece is key to pulling teachers and students together for the same purpose. I would love to continue on finding ways for students to understand the formative assessments and how they can help in the student's learning.
    • jnewmanfd
      jnewmanfd on 17 Apr 20
       
      Yes, getting students not to push back is key. I find that my students this year, shut down if I attach the word assessment to any thing. I think that they issue is, the educational system has trained students to think with a "for grade" mentality. Somehow we have to shift that focus to a "learning mentality". Is it possible to get parents to and students not to worry about grades and simply worry about the learning that can happen?
  • In peer-assessment, students analyze each others’ work using guidelines or rubrics and provide descriptive feedback that supports continued improvement.
    • lwinter14
      lwinter14 on 13 Apr 20
       
      I think the use of peer-assessment can be really effective in helping students think about their learning and make changes. It's helpful for them to hear from their peers, and not always receive feedback from just the teacher. I think this brings up a good point, though. Students have to be explicitly taught how to provide helpful feedback, without it, their comments and feedback are often superficial and won't really help the student make progress.
    • ravelinga
      ravelinga on 14 Apr 20
       
      I really like this as a formative assessment that I need to incorporate more into my units. What I like is the students are now being more involved in the learning process.
    • jnewmanfd
      jnewmanfd on 15 Apr 20
       
      Have you had any success doing this. At the middle school level we have started pairing the teams together and we present and give feedback across the two teams. However, it is still not what we want it to be. We made a sheet with look fors and sentence stems to help students. We've even stopped a class of 60 students and told them that we are listening for you to us...(a certain sentence stem), and that helps a little, but it still seems a bit fake. I can't tell if we aren't doing something right or if the idea of it is just so foreign to them. I know that as a student we never did peer feed back and the best feedback I got from a teacher was a, "Wow, your hard work is evident".
    • leipoldc
      leipoldc on 25 Apr 20
       
      I like the idea of peer-assessment, but think it would probably work best when the students do not know who is providing the feedback nor to whom they provided feedback. It would require discussion and practice, but allows students to do some analysis which should cause more critical thinking of the work they too are completing.
  • process
    • emilysjohnson
      emilysjohnson on 16 Apr 20
       
      I think we still struggle as a system to view formative assessment as a process. Case in point, administrators in my previous buildings would ask teachers to bring their "formative assessments" to our PLC meetings. It became a tangible thing vs. observations, etc.
    • jnewmanfd
      jnewmanfd on 17 Apr 20
       
      I am glad that you brought this up. This whole process is supposed to be something that moves student learning forward and deeper and our profession to new heights. That definitely gets lost in translation when it becomes something forced. My administrators have done the same thing. The meaningful process becomes lost when teachers do it just because they are told to, or they are just going through the motions. I think that you are correct when you say it's so much more than a tangible thing, it has to be observational as well. We also have to get educators to see the value of it and using formative assessments to guide our practice.
  • Specific, timely feedback should be based on the learning goal and criteria for success.
    • bhauswirth
      bhauswirth on 13 Apr 20
       
      "timely feedback" - students don't want formative feedback when they already took their summative assessment. Make the feedback relatable and clear. If you make the feedback irrelevant it is not meaning full to the student.
    • mkanost
      mkanost on 14 Apr 20
       
      I do like using the language in the rubric to specify what they did well as well as what needs to be built upon to hit the success criteria.
    • jnewmanfd
      jnewmanfd on 15 Apr 20
       
      I also liked that part. I have a hard time with the whole specific, timely feedback. I don't always know how to go about doing it for a 150 students. I think that being more clear on the rubric might really help. Rather than focus on content I could include wording needed that help develop the skills needed to get to or master the content. I still am unsure how to effectively answer the where going, where now, and closing the gap questions. I wonder if students can be given a self assessment with a carefully worded rubric and them I can review those and make changes as needed. What ideas or methods do the rest of you use to meet the needs of the last three questions in this sentence?
    • jnewmanfd
      jnewmanfd on 15 Apr 20
       
      or rather the end of the next sentence, sorry
    • benrobison
      benrobison on 21 Apr 20
       
      YES! This cuts out all of the fluff and gets to the heart of what we want kids to learn! Creating better learning targets makes teaching much more purposeful!
  • To support both self- and peer-assessment, the teacher must provide structure and support so students learn to be reflective of their own work and that of their peers, allowing them to provide meaningful and constructive feedback.
    • bhauswirth
      bhauswirth on 13 Apr 20
       
      I think this is a great way to incorporate the rubric that would be used to assess the student. Peer feedback is one that could go really well and really bad if the teacher doesn't set the guidelines of what it looks like. This is a teachable moment in it's self.
    • jhatcher
      jhatcher on 17 Apr 20
       
      I agree with this statement. If a student can successfully self evaluate according to criteria like a rubric then they can have success with peers. Start there.
    • jessed44
      jessed44 on 18 Apr 20
       
      I have found that if I ask students to give each other a grade, it is basically useless, as they will just give each other an A. But if I ask them to comment and send back for revision, in actually work quite well. Qualitative over quantitative has been key for me.
  • In other words, there is no such thing as “a formative test.” Instead, there are a number of formative assessment strategies that can be implemented during classroom instruction.
    • parkerv
      parkerv on 13 Apr 20
       
      Viewing formative assessment as a process rather than any one or a series of discrete assessments is critical in my mind for formative assessment to really do what it is meant to do and that is to inform instruction and improve student learning. Never too many reminders of this fact.
    • jhatcher
      jhatcher on 17 Apr 20
       
      I think the definition has changed a bit since 2006. I know my administrators include AFTER the instruction as formative assessment such as ticket outs and even quizzes. All still help guide teaching decisions but many occur after.
    • benrobison
      benrobison on 21 Apr 20
       
      We use formative assessments in the in-person classroom multiple times within the class period. I have done some formative assessments, realized all of the kids were well past proficient (thanks to great background knowledge), and I moved on. In that sense, there was no test needed.
  • Using the evidence elicited from such tasks connected to the goals of the progression, a teacher could identify the “just right gap” – a growth point in learning that involves a step that is neither too large nor too small – and make adjustments to instruction accordingly.
    • parkerv
      parkerv on 13 Apr 20
       
      It is important to identify those "just right gaps" for individual students and for the class as a whole so that time isn't wasted on things they have already mastered nor do some or all of the students feel lost or overwhelmed. Learning progressions in conjunction with ongoing formative assessment help pinpoint where additional instruction or practice may be needed.
    • Val Rosenthal
      Val Rosenthal on 15 Apr 20
       
      This is one of the positive aspects of blended learning. I can figure out who has gaps and bring them in to work on the skills they need to improve.
    • Michelle Murray
      Michelle Murray on 16 Apr 20
       
      I hadn't thought about how an additional benefit of a well-written learning target is that it allows a teacher to readily know what the next step of learning is for students and let's them use that knowledge to help give feedback that is alerts the student to next steps in their learning, but that makes absolute sense!
  • teachers must provide the criteria by which learning will be assessed so that students will know whether they are successfully progressing toward the goal. This information should be communicated using language readily understood by students, and may be accompanied by realistic examples of those that meet and do not meet the criteria.
    • parkerv
      parkerv on 13 Apr 20
       
      Providing students with user friendly criteria upon which they can self-assess their own progress is critical for optimal learning.
    • emilysjohnson
      emilysjohnson on 16 Apr 20
       
      I agree! Too many students aren't able to tell if they are "on track" because they think they have to get in the heads of their teachers. The assessment piece remains a mystery to them.
  • Formative assessment is a process that directly engages both teachers and students.
    • parkerv
      parkerv on 13 Apr 20
       
      Student involvement makes the formative assessment process so much richer and teaches students life long skills that will help them think critically when in the workforce. I believe it also helps motivate students to do their best.
  • The teacher might first offer students a paraphrased version of that goal such as, “You will be able to judge the strengths and weaknesses of arguments in the editorials you find in our daily newspapers.” The teacher would discuss the criteria for evaluating arguments and then provide several examples of critiques of political essays. This will provide students with a reasonably clear idea of the analytic skills they are to develop and also provide them with the tools required to assess their own written analyses.
    • kshadlow
      kshadlow on 14 Apr 20
       
      This process really helps you hone in on scaffolding to move learning to your end objective.
  • With this kind of descriptive feedback and collaboration, the teacher clarifies the goal for the student, provides specific information about where the student is in relation to meeting the criteria, and offers enough substantive information to allow the student an opportunity to identify ways to move learning forward.
    • kshadlow
      kshadlow on 14 Apr 20
       
      Feedback throughout the process is so beneficial to the student. I think it is easy for teachers to skip this part or not notice they are giving it during conversations. Written feedback usually happens in those final assessments.
  • Helping students think meta-cognitively about their own learning fosters the idea that learning is their responsibility and that they can take an active role in planning, monitoring, and evaluating their own progress.
    • kshadlow
      kshadlow on 14 Apr 20
       
      I think teachers and students need to hear and believe this concept more. Once teachers buy into allowing students more o fa role in their learning, students will take on more responsibility...in the ideal world.
    • emilysjohnson
      emilysjohnson on 16 Apr 20
       
      Absolutely! We need to re-structure the classroom environment so that students don't see it as hierarchical. The teacher should be a guide in the room, sitting among his/her students. This way, students may begin to develop more ownership of their learning.
    • leipoldc
      leipoldc on 25 Apr 20
       
      Helping students see that the only way they can truly learn is when they take ownership for their learning is the key. We will never be able to teach someone who does not want to learn.
  • Students can use a rubric to provide feedback to a peer by articulating reasons why a piece of work is at one level and discussing how it could be improved to move it to the next level.
    • kshadlow
      kshadlow on 14 Apr 20
       
      This idea takes some of the worry out for students who don't want to hurt or offend other students in the critique.
    • jhatcher
      jhatcher on 17 Apr 20
       
      I think this will definitely happen. The more it is done, the better students will be at peer editing.
  • inform instruction and learning during the teaching/learning process
    • mkanost
      mkanost on 14 Apr 20
       
      This is so important to decipher the difference between summative and formative.
    • jhatcher
      jhatcher on 17 Apr 20
       
      I agree! This is for the teacher and the students.
  • particular kind of assessment.
    • mkanost
      mkanost on 14 Apr 20
       
      My first year or two, I believed that it was a specific assessment. The confusion between formative and summative for a new teacher is hard to grasp if you haven't been explicitly taught.
    • Michelle Murray
      Michelle Murray on 16 Apr 20
       
      I worry that in our district's attempts at the PLC process that teachers have gotten the wrong impression that formative assessment has to be proven through a specific assessment in order to facilitate a data-driven discussion. I believe that data can tell us a great deal about where our students are and how to move them forward, but I don't like the idea of it replacing ongoing feedback about the process.
    • jessed44
      jessed44 on 18 Apr 20
       
      This is an important point. Any, and potentially all assessments can and should be formative.
  • Students build on this learning in later stages of the progression to develop an understanding that people represent and interpret the past in different ways
    • mkanost
      mkanost on 14 Apr 20
       
      An effective teacher understands that this must be built upon before students can learn new material.
    • jessed44
      jessed44 on 18 Apr 20
       
      Looking back at my early days as an educator, I did not do a very good job at this. In hindsight, I really assumed that students knew how to do some things that they obviously did not know how to do. I still find that I have to get myself to slow down and break apart tasks for students. I wonder how many other teachers struggle with this, and may not even be aware of it!
  • However, for students to be actively and successfully involved in their own learning, they must feel that they are bona fide partners in the learning process. This feeling is dependent on a classroom culture characterized by a sense of trust between and among students and their teachers; by norms of respect, transparency, and appreciation of differences; and by a non-threatening environment. Creating such a culture requires teachers to model these behaviors during interactions with students, to actively teach the classroom norms, and to build the students’ skills in constructive self- and peer-assessment.
    • jnewmanfd
      jnewmanfd on 15 Apr 20
       
      I think this is so very true. I fully think that we as a system we have to do a better job at promoting learners not students. Students do things for a grade. They follow the rules so they don't get into trouble. They don't follow the rules to get out of work or other outside issue. Learners however, they do the work to learn, even if it were not graded. They come to school to better themselves and they understand that they are there are doing the work for themselves, it's a passion of self improvement. The know the teacher is there to facilitate them and they understand that the person in charge of the learning in the classroom isn't the teacher, it's them, the learner. I hope, that through the formative assessment process, scientists seminars, and norms that I have developed, that I am beginning to foster more learners and less students. It is a journey that has forced me to become less of a teacher and more of learner myself.
  • A teacher needs to have modeled good feedback with students and talked about what acceptable and unacceptable comments look like in order to have created a safe learning environment
    • Michelle Murray
      Michelle Murray on 16 Apr 20
       
      As an instructional coach, this is a step that I frequently saw teacher's skip when they asked students to to self- and peer-feedback. Teachers assumed students knew how to give high quality feedback then were frustrated with the responses with students gave, often coming to the conclusion that self- and peer-feedback were a waste of time because the feedback lacked quality.
    • benrobison
      benrobison on 21 Apr 20
       
      I find this the most important piece. If I don't model feedback, how are kids supposed to know what's going on? Without the modeling, this becomes an unimportant time-filler.
  • Effective formative assessment involves collecting evidence about how student learning is progressing during the course of instruction so that necessary instructional adjustments can be made to close the gap between students’ current understanding and the desired goals.
    • benrobison
      benrobison on 21 Apr 20
       
      I would say that sometimes PLC work goes too far in this...there is too much data being thrown around, and less attention to actual teaching. Sometimes, the formative assessments are analyzed but the kids don't receive any feedback. If we want our students to be a partner in the learning, the feedback has to be provided to the student, not just for teacher use.
mschutjer

ollie-afe-2019: Building a Better Mousetrap - 1 views

moodlesw.aealearningonline.org/...view.php

shared by mschutjer on 31 Mar 19 - No Cached
  • Rubrics can be used either for “filtering”—as they are used in placement testing—or for “latticing,” or “scaffolding”—if they are shared with students prior to the completion of any given assignment.
    • alisauter
      alisauter on 31 Mar 19
       
      I think communicating the rubric ahead of time makes them easier to score. I have had to conduct technology camp entrance interviews using a rubric that is "blind" and they are more challenging because the students come into the interviews completely blind to any of the questions or criteria.
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 03 Apr 19
       
      Ali, I agree I feel like giving the rubric for the assessment with the directions at the beginning helps students understand what the assessment is assessing. I just hope it doesn't lead to students formula writing like suggested late in the article. Or possibly killing creativity.
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 09 Apr 19
       
      I can easily see both sides of the coin here. On one hand it's tough to give students an assignment and not tell them how its being graded. On the other if a student knows exactly what they need to do to get the score, then it does kill creativity.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 09 Apr 19
       
      I can see where sharing the rubric might "kill creativity" but I think sharing the rubric is a great way to let students know what you are looking for and what is important. I know of many teachers who share the rubric at the very beginning of a paper/project/assessment, but I don't know of many who use it somewhere in the middle. I think we get too caught up in the completion that we forget to take time in the middle to help students self-evaluate their work. I think this is a great way to teach students to be owners of their own learning, and thus success.
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 14 Apr 19
       
      I really like this for pre-assessment. Students can self assess and start where there are with their learning. The teacher will need to have the classroom set-up to meet all the needs of the students accordingly.
  • habits of mind practiced in the act of self-assessment.
    • alisauter
      alisauter on 31 Mar 19
       
      THIS! I think developing the right mindset in our students when it comes to grading and rubrics is so important, although sometimes challenging.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      I agree, but we will need to put more of an emphasis on student self-assessment and justification as well as post-assignment reflection. Much of the time students and teachers see final assessment as a "post mortem" evaluation of where they were with nothing to be done about where they can go.
    • Deborah Cleveland
      Deborah Cleveland on 04 Apr 19
       
      Here is an interesting critical thinking rubric https://educate.intel.com/download/K12/elements/pba_lessons/resources/24_Critical_Thinking_Rubric.pdf This rubric could be used throughout a project to help the learner think about their thinking.
  • others worry that doing so will encourage formulaic writing
    • alisauter
      alisauter on 31 Mar 19
       
      I think that this depends on how the rubric is written.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      I've found it also depends on the student. Ironically, I've found that the higher achieving students will tend more strongly toward formulaic writing because they are worried about "missing points." If the grade on the assessment puts their GPA at risk, they are not willing to do any intellectual risk taking.
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 04 Apr 19
       
      Seems to me that if a student meets the criteria, then that is what is expected. (Coming from a person who is not inherently creative.)
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      LOL. I just wrote this very thing "students create their paper too closely like the model" in last paragraph. The problem with following it so closely is that I wasn't sure they really understood the concept if they couldn't recreate it in an independent way.
  • ...89 more annotations...
  • Rubrics that are prescriptive rather than descriptive will promote thoughtless and perfunctory writing; such rubrics are as limiting to the development of rhetorical mastery as the five-paragraph essay.
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      This is hard for me to do. I am a concrete thinker, and writing prescriptive rubrics is something I need to work on.
  • adopt a rubric
    • alisauter
      alisauter on 31 Mar 19
       
      Rubistar and https://rubric-maker.com have different academic content area rubrics and grade levels.
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 04 Apr 19
       
      rubistar is helpful...sites like this can help build your skills as you create your own rubrics on that site as well.
  • While the fundamental focus of assessment is always to promote learning, there are other reasons why we engage in assessment: curriculum reform, placement, promotion, diagnosis, accountability, and so on (Critical Issue).
    • alisauter
      alisauter on 31 Mar 19
       
      Establishing your purpose is so vital.
  • well-designed rubrics help instructors in all disciplines meaningfully assess the outcomes of the more complicated assignments that are the basis of the problem-solving, inquiry-based, student-centered pedagogy replacing the traditional lecture-based, teacher-centered approach in tertiary education
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 02 Apr 19
       
      Well-designed and meaningful - I think these are the keys to a good rubric. If it doesn't measure what it aims to measure, then a rubric is completely useless.
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 03 Apr 19
       
      I agree as well. It is important that students see what his or her expectations are before they right instead of getting the information from teachers at the end.
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      When I started many moons ago, in the classroom, almost every period was lecture. Student based learning is so much more effective.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      This is interesting that they're using rubrics at the post-secondary level. I agree that the best use of rubrics is for complicated assignments that ask students to problem-solve, show conceptual understanding, or even just write extended explanations. Rubrics are too time-consuming to write to use for simple tasks.
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 09 Apr 19
       
      It's important to have something to objectively assess outcomes of these types of assignments.
  • Rick Stiggins, of the Assessment Training Institute, contends that we ought to illicit student input when constructing rubrics
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 02 Apr 19
       
      While I assume the author means 'elicit' and not 'illicit', I do agree that getting student input is essential, especially at the high school and college level where we are seeking to have students think meaningfully and critically about their work.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      I struggle with this a bit, for how do students know exactly what is quality of a product they do not have extensive knowledge of?
  • Moreover, some teachers have noticed how students who were good writers become wooden when writing under the influence of a rubric
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 02 Apr 19
       
      This does not surprise me at all. My six year old was docked for not using the word "next" in one of her writings. I read the work, and her transition was much more advanced than that (something I would have encouraged as a high school teacher).
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      I could see how students would get stagnant in their writing.
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 27 Apr 19
       
      Maybe I do not make rubrics correctly...because I really do not see this happening!
  • Look at some actual examples of student work to see if you have omitted any important dimensions.
    • robertsreads
      robertsreads on 02 Apr 19
       
      This is a great idea! It's similar to requesting student input without the students feeling pressured to contribute.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      Often this recalibration happens the year after in my experience. As an English teacher, we rubricate everything - for good or bad. I've found that once we ask students to go through a task and use the rubric to assess it, we see where the task, our teaching, and the rubric fail.
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 03 Apr 19
       
      Student feedback can be just as useful to us to Wendy.
  • a set of standards and/or directions for assessing student outcomes and guiding student learning
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      I see the confusion stemming from a linguistic debate about whether "directions" refers to the task requirements (e.g. write a persuasive essay using 5 sources) or the assessment criteria (cites strong and thorough textual evidence). Many times students ask to see the "rubric" when they really just mean the specific task requirements.
  • “performance benchmarks” for the “behavioral objectives” appropriate to each year in the program. E
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      I find this interesting that they are assessing "behavioral objectives." Much of what our discussions around grading versus assessing have focused on is the need to grade/assess the demonstrated learning and NOT the behavior which lead to the demonstrated learning.
  • study on student-generated rubrics, they tend to “think more deeply about their learning.”
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      I tried having students create their own rubrics for an independent learning project. They were all high achieving seniors near the end of their secondary academic career. And across the board, NONE of them said they enjoyed the process, calling it one of the hardest parts of the project as a whole. ALL said it was very eye opening. Ironically, these high-achieving, point grubbing seniors found it MORE difficult to define for themselves what a "perfect" project would be, then to just rise to standards already set by someone else (me). Having to set the bar themselves made them far more nervous about meeting it than if I had set a goal for them to meet. It does make sense, however. By setting their own standards, they would potentially be letting themselves down if they did not rise to their own challenges. Whereas, if they did not fully meet the criteria on a teacher generated rubric, it did not necessarily reflect badly on themselves.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      Fascinating and insightful!
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      Wow. Good points!
  • writing a 1000 word essay that “cites x number of sources and supports its thesis with at least three arguments”
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      See, these seem more like task requirements rather than assessable rubric criteria
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      Yes Wendy, I agree. This would be an assignment, but not in the rubric.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      Yes, and if that's all you want to grade, you could just make it a checklist and save yourself a lot of prep time!
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 09 Apr 19
       
      I think that a checklist instead of a rubric in that case is a great idea.
  • Of course, a teacher could have the best of both worlds here, by designing a rubric on a PC that allows for the easy insertion of assignment specific traits.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      Is there anyone who DOESN'T do this?
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      Most of mine are the same but then I change the content part for the details of the assignment.
  • A holistic rubric is more efficient and the best choice when criteria overlap and cannot be adequately separated; an analytical rubric, however, will yield more detailed information about student performance and, therefore, will provide the student with more specific feedback.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      Interestingly, until the 2019-2020 school year, the College Board and AP programs have always used holistic rubrics to score the written essay portions of the exams (at least the English Language and Literature exams). These were used because, especially for the third free-response question, students could choose to respond to any aspect of the passage they chose. With the third free-response question, students had a choice about what text to use to respond to a very vague thematic prompt. Holistic rubrics were necessary to meet the needs of all these different approaches. Beginning next year, during the 2019-2020 school year, the College Board and AP program are replacing all holistic rubrics with analytic ones to "more specific feedback on your Instructional Planning Reports about your students' performance." Interestingly, this feedback is not to the students - students never see their rubrics - but to the teachers so the teachers can adjust their teaching. https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/courses/ap-english-literature-and-composition/course/updates-2019-20
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      That's interesting! The College Board switched to an analytical rubric for social studies a few years ago. It will be interesting to compare those.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      In the case of social studies, it gives the student and teacher more specific guidance in what should be included rather than feedback.
  • In addition to these basic directions, you should consider your purpose and audience.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      I mentioned this above, but the College Board and the AP program are changing their use of rubrics from holistic to analytic to provide TEACHERS with a better understanding of student performance and comprehension. It's interesting that the audience for these new rubrics will not be the students who are being assessed, but the teachers who taught them. Who is really being assessed here?
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      Great point!
  • we need a meta-rubric to assess our rubric.
    • Wendy Arch
      Wendy Arch on 02 Apr 19
       
      While this makes complete sense and would be a great use of PLCs, my instinctual response was "Oh Geez. Yet another thing..."
  • will lead students to perceive writing as a kind of “paint-by-number” endeavor (Mathews).
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 03 Apr 19
       
      There are some rubrics that I have used that remind of this. Students basically being programmed on what to do to get an A without any deep learning taking place. However, I still see the need for rubrics like this.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 09 Apr 19
       
      I agree. Unfortunately, many times students use rubrics to get the grade they want without focusing on the learning. Maybe it's not the rubrics themselves but how we are using them in the classroom?
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 27 Apr 19
       
      I feel students are programed to give us what we want and not explore their own learning. So often when I give a writing assignment I hear first, how long does it have to be? How do we get away from that?
  • advocates of rubrics at all educational levels have argued that rubrics provide students with clear and specific qualities to strive for in those assignments that “are open-ended, aligned more closely to real-life learning situations and the nature of learning”
  • Indeed, since rubrics allow for widespread assessment of higher-level thinking skills, performance-based assessment is replacing or complementing more traditional modes of testing; this in turn means that teachers are changing their instructional modes to prepare their students for these tests
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 03 Apr 19
       
      Obviously a good thing with standardized tests focusing more on state standards.
  • Share the rubric with your students and their parents.
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 03 Apr 19
       
      Great for students to know expectations and criteria. Have never thought about sharing a rubric with parents. See the benefits of that as well.
  • “rubrics promote ‘mechanical instruction in writing’ that bypasses ‘the human act of composing and the human gesture of response’” (
  • More conceptually, critics claim that rubrics, in effect, dehumanize the act of writing. According to Thomas Newkirk, an English professor at the University of New Hampshire,
    • mgast40diigo
      mgast40diigo on 03 Apr 19
       
      Curious to know what methods of grading are popular among the critics of rubrics.
  • You can adapt a rubric—
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 03 Apr 19
       
      Honestly, I feel like this is what I do the most. I adopt a lot of rubrics and tweak them to fit what I want. I feel like in education there is a lot of resources available to me and people way smarter/better than me at their jobs. No point in reinventing the wheel, so why not adopt and tweak to fit the need that I have for my assessment.
  • “The Effects of Rubrics on Learning to Write,” has found that, while rubrics increased her students’ knowledge of the grading criteria and helped most of her students (especially the young male students) do well on the state writing test, many of the young female students, who had been more expressive in previous writing assignments, wrote poorly when writing, as we might say, to the rubric.
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 03 Apr 19
       
      That's always been a fear of mine with rubrics when writing an opinion or free write. Does this stifle the creativity of some students. It's really interesting to also look at who was seeing the bias as the article states girls/boys. Does it also bias ethnicities?
  • The issue of weighting may be another area in which you can enlist the help of students. At the beginning of the process, you could ask a student to select to select which aspect she values the most in her writing and weight that aspect when you assess her paper.
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 03 Apr 19
       
      +1 for student choice. Hopefully this would develop lifelong learning.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 09 Apr 19
       
      I think by enlisting the help of students in creating the rubric, it will promote ownership of learning. It should also help students keep in mind what is most important while they are creating their product.
  • “Is the assessment responsive to what we know about how [students] learn?” and “Does the assessment help students become the kinds of [citizens] we want them to be?”
    • zackkaz
      zackkaz on 03 Apr 19
       
      As a SS teacher that second part hits home. Will they be a responsible democratic citizen.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      To me, this gets to the content of the assignment...not conventions.
  • rubrics should be used in conjunction with other strategies,
    • mpercy
      mpercy on 04 Apr 19
       
      Rubrics are a great tool but not necessarily the way to go all the time. Students need to be exposed to other strategies as well.
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 04 Apr 19
       
      I agree multiple strategies should be used as that will help our students grow as learners.
  • Perhaps the greatest potential value of classroom assessment is realized when we open the assessment process up and welcome students into that process as full partners”
    • mpercy
      mpercy on 04 Apr 19
       
      When students are part of the process there will likely be more enthusiasm and buy in from the students.
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      I have to admit, I have not gone this far yet. But it makes total sense, that if students are a part of creating the rubric they would have a better understanding of the expectations.
    • jennham
      jennham on 08 Apr 19
       
      I agree. It will give them a sense of ownership in their own learning. Even my elementary students would be more than able to help with this. I plan on rolling it out to my colleagues to try with an upcoming paper.
    • whsfieldbio
      whsfieldbio on 10 Apr 19
       
      I have seen this done with second graders. They were not creating criteria based on standards, but rather criteria for quality. The students decided what the quality of presentation and speaking were. They actually were pretty tough on eachother and set the bar high. This is a great process, but can also be a challenge if you have multiple classes and want to have some consensus with evaluating.
  • Revise the rubric and try it out again
    • mpercy
      mpercy on 04 Apr 19
       
      Would this be the point to gather student input? I would want to make sure my objectives were being met and then allow students to input.
  • Each score category should be defined using description of the work rather than judgments about the work.”
    • mpercy
      mpercy on 04 Apr 19
       
      Does this really make a difference to the student?
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 09 Apr 19
       
      I like using rubrics so that it takes the teacher out of the grading. I like that communication is clear without bias.
  • When instructors plan on grading
    • Deborah Cleveland
      Deborah Cleveland on 04 Apr 19
       
      By giving students the langugage to talk about thinking we open the door to them reflecting on their thinking and eventually refining it.
  • , rubrics cannot be the sole response to a student’s paper; sound pedagogy would dictate that
    • Deborah Cleveland
      Deborah Cleveland on 04 Apr 19
       
      A writing assignment that is part of an authentic learning opportunity that the student chose to participate in might decrease the emphasis on simply meeting the criteria of a rubruc.
  • sions differently if you feel that one dimension is more important than another. There are two ways in which you can express this value judgment: 1. You may give a dimension more weight by multiplying the point by a number greater than one. For example, if you have four dimensions (content, organization, support, conventions) each rated on a six-point scale, and you wish to emphasis the importance of adequate support, you could multiply the support score by two. 2.
    • Deborah Cleveland
      Deborah Cleveland on 04 Apr 19
       
      I tend to use the "multiply a dimension by 2" method of weighting grades. In writing a particularly like this because it allows you to address things like conventions, but at the same time emphasize orther aspects of writing.
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      I use weight dimensions in History class. I'm not as worried about the writing style, sentence structure etc.... But I'm more concerned with the what they know and if there research is thorough. I still include those things on my rubric, it's just worth less points.
  • The instructor’s comments on papers and tests are done after rather than before the writing, so they cannot serve as guidelines, compromising the value of writing comments at all.”
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 04 Apr 19
       
      This is very important thing to think about. A student can't make changes to something they are doing after it is already turned in. They may think they are following all things on the rubric correctly but teacher may think differently
  • In any case, withholding assessment tools (whether they are rubrics or more nebulous modes of evaluation) from students is not only unfair and makes self-assessment more difficult
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 04 Apr 19
       
      Seems kind of stupid to not give the students the rubric for the assignment when they are working on it. You expect them to turn in something worth while without knowing what you want from them.
  • hose students who had been natural writers, those students who had “stylistic voices full of humor and surprises, produced less interesting essays when they followed the rules [as outlined in a rubric]
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 04 Apr 19
       
      I can see this being true across the board. Lots of time when I start a project the first thing some of the students ask is "what do I need to do to get an A." They don't care about learning the content. They just make their project geared to meet all requirements on the rubric and don't care about anything else.
    • jennham
      jennham on 08 Apr 19
       
      I hear that comment often. Until our system changes to not be so focused on the grade itself, I totally side with the students. We put so much pressure on kids to achieve and achieve well so that they can apply and receive scholarships, be inducted into NHS, make it into the college of their dreams...I feel we leave them absolutely no room to worry about the learning. Teachers are just as guilty. I can't count the times I have heard, "I don't know why he has a B; there isn't any reason why he shouldn't be getting an A in my class." (This is without me asking why my child has a B instead of an A.) To me that makes the focus on the grade. They never mention what my child is actually learning or not.
  • clear understanding of how rubrics operate can help educators of all levels design rubrics that facilitate, rather than obviate, student learning and teacher improvement.
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 04 Apr 19
       
      This is so true. Rubrics should be designed to help teachers facilitate learning so it's more student driven which will improve both student learning and allow teachers to improve.
  • Doing so, many educators argue, increases the likelihood of a quality product.
    • tommuller4
      tommuller4 on 04 Apr 19
       
      I agree you can get a quality product by giving students the rubric up front but I don't think you will get a great product because students tend to not go above and beyond the rubric. They just do enough to meet the criteria for the grade they want. No more and no less.
  • evaluate your rubric
    • kmolitor
      kmolitor on 04 Apr 19
       
      I think it is important to continually evaluate your rubrics or any assessments for that matter. It is important to consider if you are assessing what you want/need to and get feedback from students.
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 04 Apr 19
       
      Stultifying: stunts creativity so that students achieve only what is required. Empowering: clarifies for students and teachers what is expected.
  • no longer appropriate
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 04 Apr 19
       
      "no longer appropriate" is a bit over-stated. Students in Introductory Statistics still need to know these skills. I agree that we do need to focus more on developing statistical thinking, so more performance tasks (and assessment rubrics) are necessary.
  • features known to the student
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 04 Apr 19
       
      Sharing the rubric with students at the beginning of the task holds students accountable and gives transparency to the task expectations.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      That, for me, was the primary purpose of the rubric. I wished for students to know clearly what this project should show me of their knowledge and skill. It did always frustrate me that they didn't use it more as a resource as they edited and revised their papers.
    • jennham
      jennham on 08 Apr 19
       
      I agree as well. I found them useful as student so that I knew exactly what my teacher/instructor expected. I love them as a teacher as they give the students specific talking points before they start their assignment.
  • ull partners
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 04 Apr 19
       
      This seems like a big time-waster to me.
  • Build a metarubric
    • sjensen21
      sjensen21 on 04 Apr 19
       
      This is a great checklist for evaluating our own rubrics that we have created.
  • a system which some educators see as stultifying and others see as empowering.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      Not sure why it would be stultifying (which I looked up to be sure I knew what that meant). I mean, how much enthusiasm would a student have toward an assignment?
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      In some cases, a rubric can be a little too prescriptive and actually curb creativity for students. A more open assignment--for some students--allows for more interpretation or flexibility. I think it really depends on how "tight" the teacher writes the rubric.
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 14 Apr 19
       
      Rubrics can be empowering yes, but not everything needs a rubric in my opinion.
  • gineering programs
  • Closer to home, our own successful Allied Health programs depend on rubrics to both assess and encourage student learning.
  • rubrics can help the student with self-assessment
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      This was a big goal of mine as a writing teacher
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 09 Apr 19
       
      I think this is the biggest benefit of rubrics
  • “In short, explicit performance criteria, along with supporting models of work, make it possible for students to use the attributes of exemplary work to monitor their own performance.
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      I found the models to be very helpful for my students. My only problem is often students create something very close to the model. It often was a conundrum for me.
  • Is the description of criteria judgemental
    • cathy84
      cathy84 on 04 Apr 19
       
      That's a rule I have violated...and I probably knew best practice, but getting so specific in the criteria makes correcting so laborious
    • jennham
      jennham on 08 Apr 19
       
      You are so correct. Now that I have read this information, I know that when I would say "good", I meant, "following current conventions." Most 10-year-olds understand "good". Not so much for the other!
  • rubrics should be non-judgmental:
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      I have a hard time keeping judgement out of rubrics.
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 09 Apr 19
       
      this could be a place where submission into an LMS using blind grading can be a huge benefit! I love blind grading...rarely do I need to know who produced the artifact.
  • rubrics are now used similarly by post-secondary educators in all disciplines to assess outcomes in learning situations
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      As we are to assess the pros and cons of rubrics, I would say this is a con to using them. We need colleges to get on board and use them as well, and some are switching over.
  • solving real problems and using statistical reasoning
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      Rubrics are better at assessing real problems and statistical reasoning.
  • student thinking and not just student knowledge
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      Rubrics are better at assessing student thinking.
  • (
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      I do feel that rubrics are more closely connected with real life situations. In the workforce, you will not be given a grade. Instead, they will evaluate your performance.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      True...but sometimes with a rubric. =) I think of the way even my husband's corporate world annual evaluation tool is written.
  • when rubrics are published in the classroom, students striving to achieve the descriptions at the higher end of the scale in effect guide their own learning.
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      This is what we should all be striving for.
  • as long as each point on the scale is well-defined.
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      When looking at standards based learning it is encouraged to have the same scale number for each department. And sometimes there is disagreement between a 3 pt scale or a 4 point scale.
  • modify or combine existing rubrics; re-word parts of the rubric; drop or change one or more scales of an analytical rubric; omit criteria that are not relevant to the outcome you are measuring; mix and match scales from different rubrics; change the rubric of use at a different grade; add a “no-response” category at the bottom of the scale; divide a holistic rubric into several scales.
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      I surf the internet quite frequently, and use other rubrics ideas as a starter for mine. And then I adapt it to my objectives.
  • Steps in developing a scoring rubric
    • annott
      annott on 06 Apr 19
       
      This could be shared in Professional Learning Communities.
  • However, for the student to successfully use a rubric this way, the criteria must be made clear to them and the jargon used must not only be understandable to the student but also be linked specifically to classroom instructio
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      I think this is really key, especially the part aobut being linked to classroom instruction. I've used rubrics by introducing them at the beginning and then using them to score at the end--and felt like students never looked at them and therefore got very little out of them. The key was when I used the rubric during instruction--as an explanation tool, as a peer reflection and self-assessment tool. We just have to be really deliberate and explicit and pulling it out and using it in instruction if we really want students to use it in their process.
    • jennham
      jennham on 08 Apr 19
       
      I have never used a rubric during instruction, other than to remind them to use it. I am excited to see how it will help them when we use the rubric continuously throughout a project.
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 09 Apr 19
       
      For me, I don't know how you do this in early elementary. Reading and comprehending "standard" language is not conducive to young readers. (ie subject/verb agreement)
  • maintains the traditional gap between what the teacher knows and what the student knows.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      Yes, and some students have more ability to bridge that gap than others. I think this is where we get into equity problems--some students are better equipped (by home life or personality/strength) for school and intellectual processes. In other words, they are more insightful and therefore better "guessers" of what teachers want.
    • jennham
      jennham on 08 Apr 19
       
      You are exactly correct and I could not have said this better.
  • non-traditional, unsuccessful, or under-prepared students, who tend to miss many of the implied expectations of a college instructor, expectations that better prepared, traditional students readily internalize.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      Yes, exactly! We can even the playing field for students by being explicit in our expectations.
  • Pilot test your rubric or checklist on actual samples of student work.
    • kimgrissom
      kimgrissom on 06 Apr 19
       
      This is a helpful step because one of the downfalls of a rubric is not rewarding something students do well (because it's not on the rubric) or unintentionally rewarding something you don't want students to do.
    • barbkfoster
      barbkfoster on 09 Apr 19
       
      By piloting the rubric, we are able to make sure we are truly assessing what we intend to. These samples could also be shared with students to practice using the rubric (so they can better evaluate their own work).
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 08 Apr 19
       
      This is why I like rubrics. It helps guide student learning.
  • “on what students have actually learned rather than what they have been taught,”
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 14 Apr 19
       
      this is the key to a successful classroom. it is not about what you teach it is about what have the students learned. Or it is not about providing time for student to be active, but what have you taught them that will lead to be active for a lifetime!
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 08 Apr 19
       
      This is an interesting quote about knowing what students have actually learned that what we taught. More of a formative assessment. How is the student's learning progressing and what do we need to do to get them there.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 08 Apr 19
       
      This is the tricky part. A well designed rubric that does give the teachers the information that they need to understand what their students have learned.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 08 Apr 19
       
      There is a lot of power in students who self assess themselves.
  • are about their potential to harm students learning.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 08 Apr 19
       
      I'm not sure how a rubric can harm a students learning.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 08 Apr 19
       
      Exactly, it has to be conferring with teachers along the way on their progress.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 08 Apr 19
       
      I like this idea of enlisting the help of students.
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 08 Apr 19
       
      I like this idea of a pilot rubric!
    • nealjulie
      nealjulie on 08 Apr 19
       
      These should definitely be a checklist when teachers make their own.
  • “an established custom or rule of procedure.”
    • tmolitor
      tmolitor on 08 Apr 19
       
      It's important to have an established procedure for grading so that the grades remain objective.
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 10 Apr 19
       
      totally agree and is a large reason have gone to SBL this year. Also have to make sure no gray area in rubric
    • rhoadsb_
      rhoadsb_ on 14 Apr 19
       
      We are moving to SBL as well and it already is making a huge difference in the classroom.
  • consistently and accurately
    • mistermohr
      mistermohr on 09 Apr 19
       
      I feel that the most consistent and accurate rubrics are checklists. I understand rubrics should not be checklists, but I find they need to be checklist-esque to keep them objective.
  • traits, or dimensions, will serve as the basis for judging the student response and should reflect the vital aspects of the assignment
    • whsfieldbio
      whsfieldbio on 10 Apr 19
       
      This is a great reminder. I know I have failed in the past with having too much on a rubric or too little. Being focused on the vital aspects of the assignment will prevent you from assessing parts that are not important. This will also help students know what the criteria is without worrying about the fluff.
  • rubrics that are outside of the students “zone of proximal development” are useless to the students.
    • whsfieldbio
      whsfieldbio on 10 Apr 19
       
      Wow, rubrics are really challenging to create. In the assess this assignment I started off way to high and would not be in a student zone of proximal development. How does a teacher know thijavascript:void(0)s. I am assuming rubrics that are aligned with grade level standards would be appropriate but I now feel like i need to take a look at more examples. This could be a Con if the rubric creator does not understand this idea.
  • ubrics, Halden-Sullivan contends, reduce “deep learning” to “checksheets.”
    • whsfieldbio
      whsfieldbio on 10 Apr 19
       
      I once heard a speaker say that "rubrics make cooks and we should strive to make chefs." His statement refered to that fact that students simply follow the recipe to complete the task rather than using their own thinking and knowledge to create a product. I think there are rubrics that can do both, but I can also see that this is a concern.
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 27 Apr 19
       
      I think the deep learning should be coming from the teacher more than the student.
  • “performance benchmarks” for the “behavioral objectives” appropriate to each year in the program. E
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 10 Apr 19
       
      totally agree. Find that really interesting since so much research is on NOT grading behaviors and focusing on the learning itself
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 12 Apr 19
       
      I think I would like to see what are these behavior objectives are. Are they really just skills that students demonstrate?
  • Specific rubrics, on the other hand, are particular to a given assignment—one rubric for a narrative essay, another one for an argumentative essay
    • chriskyhl
      chriskyhl on 10 Apr 19
       
      this is one of the hardest things in SBL or rubric use. They take so much time but have to make sure truly fit an assignment
  • broader and more ambitious
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 10 Apr 19
       
      This is so true. The objectives are changing and sometimes they are changing in a way that we don't know how to assess them correctly
  • important assessment tool in “achiev[ing a] new vision of statistics education.
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 10 Apr 19
       
      100%. It is the expectation now that all of our assignments and work have some sort of rubric. Now, it doesn't have to be super detailed but the goal is that students know what they are trying to achieve
  • explicitly delineate the qualities of thought that they are looking for
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 10 Apr 19
       
      This is key I believe. This is also the #1 problem I see with rubrics today. Instructors need to know every detail of what they are looking for in order to make a rubric work out. With that said, sometimes you think of things late and that makes it hard to get them in the rubric
  • I once gave extra credit
    • kylelehman
      kylelehman on 10 Apr 19
       
      I have seen this happen before as well. The way that I look at it, there needs to be an aspect of the rubric that discusses that pieces of evidence from class need to be included.
  • However, for the student to successfully use a rubric this way, the criteria must be made clear to them and the jargon used must not only be understandable to the student but also be linked specifically to classroom instructio
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 12 Apr 19
       
      Some the best teachers allow students student to assess a sample assignment so they can understand the language of the rubric.
    • mschutjer
      mschutjer on 27 Apr 19
       
      I agree. This is an important step and sometimes I feel like it is missed, by myself as well.
  • a shred of meaningful content she could meet all the requirements of a state writing rubric he posted in his classroom
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 12 Apr 19
       
      This type of student know the system and how to chase points not learning. Rubrics or other grading tools are about giving feedback to the students so they can continue their learning.
  • The argument against using rubrics
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 12 Apr 19
       
      It's interesting that all of the arguments against rubrics are writing examples.
  • Does the rubric encourage students to be independent writers?
  • Can different scorers consistently apply the rubric?
    • mrsmeganmorgan
      mrsmeganmorgan on 12 Apr 19
       
      I think this is a great question. We might need to talk about it more with our teacher teams.
dsunderman

ollie-afe-2020summer: Article: Attributes from Effective Formative Assessment (CCSSO) - 3 views

moodlesw.aealearningonline.org/...view.php

shared by dsunderman on 11 Aug 20 - No Cached
  • Formative assessment is not an adjunct to teaching but, rather, integrated into instruction and learning with teachers and students receiving frequent feedback.
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 11 Aug 20
       
      Formative assessment is such an important part of instruction. I struggle more with being consistent with it when teaching reading.
  • informal observations and conversations
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 11 Aug 20
       
      These are crucial means of formative assessment for me and would be so hard in an online environment.
  • The process requires the teacher to share learning goals with students and provide opportunities for students to monitor their ongoing progress.
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 11 Aug 20
       
      I struggle with how to consistently do this. I talk about our learning target during lessons but how do I get that in the hands of students. Being online where you could post it might make this part easier. Well written rubrics would also help.
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • Learning Progressions: Learning progressions should clearly articulate the sub-goals of the ultimate learning goal.
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 11 Aug 20
       
      How do you find the time to write a learning progression for every unit of study?
  • To support both self- and peer-assessment, the teacher must provide structure and support so students learn to be reflective of their own work and that of their peers, allowing them to provide meaningful and constructive feedback.
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 11 Aug 20
       
      I would love to see how some effectively teaching this. Every year this is a struggle, so much so that I just want to pull my hair out and give up!
    • susanbrown87
      susanbrown87 on 21 Aug 20
       
      I find it difficult to teach students to accept the assessment/constructive feedback given from peers and not take it personally. Some students hold back feedback to protect peers who are not open to help in this manner. It is definitely important to practice and provide lots of guidance for peer feedback.
  • Descriptive Feedback: Students should be provided with evidence-based feedback that is linked to the intended instructional outcomes and criteria for success.
    • bushb13
      bushb13 on 17 Aug 20
       
      I know it is VERY important to provide descriptive and timely feedback. How do we do this when we have 150 (or more) students?
    • susanbrown87
      susanbrown87 on 21 Aug 20
       
      It is hard to give purposeful, descriptive feedback for all assignments students engage in. Online may make it easier to reach all depending on the time constraints or the number of students you have in classes.
  • Creating such a culture requires teachers to model these behaviors during interactions with students, to actively teach the classroom norms, and to build the students’ skills in constructive self- and peer-assessment.
    • bushb13
      bushb13 on 17 Aug 20
       
      It can be challenging to build a positive classroom culture when you are able to work with students face-to-face. I wonder what strategies virtual or online teachers use to facilitate this process...
  • They are able to connect formative assessment opportunities to the short-term goals to keep track of how well their students’ learning is moving forward.
    • bushb13
      bushb13 on 17 Aug 20
       
      I love the idea of aligning the formative assessments with my identified sub-goals or sub-skills for an overall unit. I may not plan a formal learning progression for each big idea or concept, but I think this is a strategy I can implement in my lesson planning.
  • teachers must first identify and then communicate the instructional goal to students
    • bushb13
      bushb13 on 17 Aug 20
       
      I think this helps teachers and students. When you have to identify the learning targets or instructional goals of a lesson to the students, it requires you to take the time to determine the purpose or goal for each lesson, task, activity, etc. This helps you to determine if the lesson is really addressing the necessary learning targets.
    • susanbrown87
      susanbrown87 on 21 Aug 20
       
      I think this is needed but not always done by teachers. There is much lost when students do not know upfront what the goal of a lesson or unit is. Teachers need to inform students of the why every time they teach so they know the purpose of learning.
  • Increasing numbers of educators regard formative assessment as a way not only to improve student learning, but also to increase student scores on significant achievement examinations
    • jbuerman
      jbuerman on 20 Aug 20
       
      Formative assessment helps ensure that each student is doing the learning for themselves rather than relying on students around them to help with everything.
  • Formative assessment is a process used by teachers and students during instruction that provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve students’ achievement of intended instructional outcomes.
    • jbuerman
      jbuerman on 20 Aug 20
       
      Formative assessment definitely helps personalize learning - students that have not mastered the subject are more apt to ask for help to understand the material.
    • susanbrown87
      susanbrown87 on 21 Aug 20
       
      Formative assessment is essential for teachers to improve learning and fill in the gaps of students.
  • a process
    • jbuerman
      jbuerman on 20 Aug 20
       
      This is definitely a process to help students understand that the results should be informative to them and the teacher.
  • students will know whether they are successfully progressing
    • jbuerman
      jbuerman on 20 Aug 20
       
      Students take more ownership of their learning when they understand what the final goal is rather than just doing what the teacher says to do.
  • partners in learning
    • jbuerman
      jbuerman on 20 Aug 20
       
      This is great! Students can make huge progress in their learning when they understand that teachers are trying to help them learn!
  • These range from informal observations and conversations to purposefully planned instructionally embedded techniques designed to elicit evidence of student learning to inform and adjust instruction.
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 22 Aug 20
       
      At the 4th grade level I feel informal observation is by far one of the most effective forms of formative assessment. We spend so much time with our students and have the opportunity to real get to know them as a learner and a person.
  • From a learning progression teachers have the big picture of what students need to learn, as well as sufficient detail for planning instruction to meet short-term goals
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 22 Aug 20
       
      This is a very valid point but when do you find the time to write a progression for every unit?
  • Specific, timely feedback should be based on the learning goal and criteria for success.
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 22 Aug 20
       
      I find specific and timely feedback especially when it comes to writing instruction very challenging. One of my goals this year to work with my grade level team to improve our rubrics for writing.
  • To support both self- and peer-assessment, the teacher must provide structure and support so students learn to be reflective of their own work and that of their peers, allowing them to provide meaningful and constructive feedback.
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 22 Aug 20
       
      I really struggle with teaching students how to give good peer feedback. I would love to find a well laid out plan for teaching this concept.
  • 5. Collaboration: A classroom culture in which teachers and students are partners in learning should be established.
    • dsunderman
      dsunderman on 22 Aug 20
       
      I feel this should be step 1. Without this best laid plans can mean nothing.
Jennifer Riedemann

ollie_4: Article: Attributes from Effective Formative Assessment (CCSSO) - 4 views

moodlesw.aeapdonline.org/...view.php

shared by Jennifer Riedemann on 30 Jan 13 - No Cached
  • Formative assessment is a process used by teachers and students during instruction that provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve students’ achievement of intended instructional outcomes.
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 30 Jan 13
       
      Has there ever been a time when teachers can't give feedback or adjust their own teaching because students refuse to do what was intended as an instructional task for learning? As an educator, I have some students who don't want to do anything, even when given a choice on how they might show their learning.
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 31 Jan 13
       
      Unfortunately, at least in my teaching experience, in content areas other than reading and writing, I have run into many teachers who believed in the Bell Curve still for classroom grading. Their numbers are dwindling, but they still exist along with teachers who believe, "I told them once. They should have it." I'm so glad your experiences make your question even possible. That is growth and improvement in instruction.
  • Learning goals and criteria for success should be clearly identified and communicated to students.
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 30 Jan 13
       
      I have found that learning goals are broader in scope since we no longer memorize, skill and drill, and have the detailed oriented mechanisms of learning in place. Maybe I am missing the boat, but I want my students to be: great speakers who project their voice(yes, I do use a decibel reader) when they are public speaking. It's a great to incorporate the science of speaking. I do want them to be great writers, and I will say a well written rubric can enhance this. I am also after great thinking and problem solving. I have found that the middle level learner can seem to problem solve in some situations, yet they have become inept at problem solving on how to "get a pencil" when they don't come to class with one in their possession. Being able to get along with many within their peer group would be great. This seems to be an ongoing battle for some individuals who "want to work" by themselves. I have had my share of accountants in my classroom.... :)
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 04 Feb 13
       
      Are you saying accountants are loners? They have to be able to work with clients :) (I'm a business teacher and just couldn't let this slide :)
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 12 Feb 13
       
      Jodi, That was a narrow view, please forgive me. I stand corrected by you....Thank you for your correction. I will say, I have students who want to work by themselves....that is great for reflection, yet collaboration is a skills that we all need to develop.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      Mary, You are definitely not missing the boat! All those goals are excellent and very necessary for students to obtain. Do not give up on your broader learning goals and keep letting your students know that this is what you want for them. You might need a poster in your room with your broader goals stated on it as a constant reference for you and your students, and then post on your board your daily learning goals for your students. You are such a wonderful teacher and your students learn so much from you! Keep up the good work!
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      Mary, I can absolutely relate to your comment about students that want to work by themselves! Some TAG students are "past masters" of wanting to do things on their own - I live with one!! Learning to collaborate is often a very difficult task for them in middle or high school. In my own experience, this improves for these high achievers when they reach college and are able to work with others that have similar abilities.
  • Descriptive feedback should be about the particular qualities of student learning with discussion or suggestions about what the student can do to improve.
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 30 Jan 13
       
      I have found it interesting how the "Boy's Town" model from a long time ago....always started with a positive statement of praise and supporting details; yet if negative feedback was needed, it would weave in concern statement that didn't use words like "but or however". For example: I can appreciate how your started your paragraph with energy and great discriptive words. As you work on your thesis, you may want to keep in mind.....or have you ever thought of....? Yes, constructive feedback is an "art form" when communicating to students who think they have excellence, yet fall short....I mean way short.
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 02 Feb 13
       
      I have never heard of the "Boy's Town" model but I like how you wrote about giving concerns to a student without using "but" or "however'- I can see that making such a difference and being more influential and beneficial to students!
    • Sally Rigeman
      Sally Rigeman on 04 Feb 14
       
      Too often the feedback is merely "corrective" - a check mark or "ok".
  • ...43 more annotations...
  • Creating such a culture requires teachers to model
    • Mary Overholtzer
      Mary Overholtzer on 31 Jan 13
       
      This is huge, yet it is necessary.
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 31 Jan 13
       
      True, and it's the key to first level of helping students begin to grow!
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 31 Jan 13
       
      The atmosphere has shifted, and we now not only have 'permission' to do this, but are expected.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      This is an absolute necessity!!!!
    • Sally Rigeman
      Sally Rigeman on 04 Feb 14
       
      Teachers need to ask more questions.
  • substantial interest in formative assessment
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 31 Jan 13
       
      While the language of formative and summative assessment is relatively new as well as the new emphasis on direct feedback, the fact of the matter is that writing teachers have done these things forever. We just didn't package it with a fancy name in order to make oodles of $$. Dang it! ; )
  • is to provide evidence that is used by teachers and students to inform instruction and learning during the teaching/learning process
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 31 Jan 13
       
      As I explain to my students, "If you can do this perfectly already, I shouldn't be teaching it."
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 02 Feb 13
       
      Haha, I like that Lorilee! I might have to steal it. :)
  • Learning Progressions:
  • Learning Goals and Criteria for Success
  • Descriptive Feedback:
  • Self- and Peer-Assessment:
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 31 Jan 13
       
      This is another area where writing teachers have a distinct advantage and have been practicing these protocols for a long time.
  • Collaboration
    • Lorilee Hamel
      Lorilee Hamel on 31 Jan 13
       
      Reading Workshop and Writing Workshop--that's the entire premise of Nancy Atwelll's work.
  • process requires the teacher to share learning goals with students
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 31 Jan 13
       
      It makes such perfect sense to be doing this, and I'm not sure how much it is actually done. Just like in our class here, we want to know what we are expected to pick up from this and appreciate having the opportunity to self-assess our learning in a format where we can get instant feedback to see if we understand.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      Clair, To be honest, in my experience out in the schools as an AEA Literacy Consultant, it is being done very little. No matter how many times I include this in professional development trainings over things like effective instruction, iowa core, etc., there are truly only a handful of teachers that share their learning goals with the students. Many of them write the goals out in their lesson plans, but never get around to telling the people who really need the information.
  • and provide opportunities for students to monitor their ongoing progress.
  • learning progression teachers have the big picture of what students need to learn, as well as sufficient detail for planning instruction to meet short-term goals.
  • It should help the student answer three basic questions: Where am I going? Where am I now? How can I close the gap?
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 02 Feb 13
       
      I have done something pretty unique I think in my classroom. I (and several student volunteers) have spent a lot of time over the last couple years writing out each unit's learning objectives on posters that I laminate and hang on the wall in my classroom for every unit in every class. I made little, cute colored checkmarks that I also laminated and cut out. As we progress through the unit, I checkmark the learning objectives we have covered in class, so students can see very easily what we have done and what is left to cover. And above my posters, is another poster that says exactly what is written here: "Where amd I going? Where am I now? How can I close the gap?" I remember reading this quote during PD on FA, but now I know where it came from! :) It has taken a lot of time to make the posters and takes time to change them, put checkmarks on/off, etc, but I really like that it is a focal point in my room and is very unique. Students should know exactly what they are learning and use the questions above to self-assess as we go through our units.
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 05 Feb 13
       
      That is a great idea! I am curious, have you found that your students are using the posters? Are they self-assessing? Are they taking ownership in their learning?
  • A teacher needs to have modeled good feedback with students and talked about what acceptable and unacceptable comments look like in order to have created a safe learning environment
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 31 Jan 13
       
      Being able to give good constructive feedback is a skill that goes way beyond the classroom. It will serve students well later in life as they interact with co-workers, friends and eventually, their own children.
  • student- and peer-assessment should not be used in the formal grading process.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 31 Jan 13
       
      It's important to have students realize that they are not being graded on peer assessments.  It is only a benefit to give feedback about another person's assignment.  
  • teachers must provide the criteria by which learning will be assessed so that students will know whether they are successfully progressing toward the goal.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 31 Jan 13
       
      Students need to realize that they are progressing towards a goal.  If they don't see it, the quality of work usually isn't as great as when the goal is in mind.
  • self- and peer-assessment are important for providing students an opportunity to think meta-cognitively about their learning.
    • Mary Trent
      Mary Trent on 31 Jan 13
       
      I think this needs to be used more often in the classroom. I know as teachers, we find collaborating with our peers to be so valuable and I think, if done correctly, students can also gain some very helpful insight into their learning.
  • supporting students as they monitor and take responsibility for their own learning, helping students to provide constructive feedback to each other, and involving students in decisions about how to move learning forward are illustrations of students and teachers working together in the teaching and learning process.
    • Mary Trent
      Mary Trent on 31 Jan 13
       
      Amen! I think this statement is key. If students take ownership of their learning, they will become more passionate about it and ultimately want to do better for the pure knowledge and not just for a grade. Students need to feel as though they will have support through the learning process and will be able to rely on teachers and fellow students for help along their journey.
  • In peer-assessment, students analyze each others’ work using guidelines or rubrics and provide descriptive feedback that supports continued improvement.
    • Jason Martin-Hiner
      Jason Martin-Hiner on 02 Feb 13
       
      I've been trying this with lab groups in order to promote discussion both about experimental techniques as well as data analysis. After the initial work, I split groups up and have each partner discuss results with a member of another group.
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 02 Feb 13
       
      I like that idea Jason! When we looked at rubrics at the beginning of this class and shared a rubric we use in our teaching, the project for the rubric I shared is something I always have students self-assess and peer-assess when the projects are complete. I then give the students a few days if they wish to make any changes before they turn the project in to me for a final grade. I have definitely seen an improvement in scores and cognitive thinking when I started the self- and peer-assessment.
  • This feeling is dependent on a classroom culture characterized by a sense of trust between and among students and their teachers; by norms of respect, transparency, and appreciation of differences; and by a non-threatening environment
    • Jason Martin-Hiner
      Jason Martin-Hiner on 02 Feb 13
       
      All of these aspects are highlighed in the Characteristics of Effective Instruction in the Iowa Core.
  • during recent years
    • Brooke Maine
      Brooke Maine on 02 Feb 13
       
      I personally have learned a ton of information about FA the last several years. I took a class on it for my master's degree about 4 years ago or so and that next school year, it was the focus of PD in our district and is always something we revisit. I wish I would have learned more about it in college before I started teaching! But I'm glad to have the knowledge now.
  • Learning progressions describe how concepts and skills build in a domain, and show the trajectory of learning along which students are expected to progress.
    • Mike Todd
      Mike Todd on 03 Feb 13
       
      I  know that in science, organizations like AAAS have worked hard to develop these progressions for many topics and created resources (Benchmarks, ATLAS, etc.).  But for some topics these need to be developed by the teacher.  And even with the AAAS resources, developing these learning progressions into a course that helps students connect everything together is the job of the teacher.  Collaborating on these tasks with other teachers is extremely worthwhile - I just wish this was valued by more school districts and administrators by allowing more time for these things during the school day.  Many seem to think that "courses" are already planned out.  I even had one superintendent that told me "Any minute not spent with students is a waste of time for teachers" - she was obviously lacking in knowledge about what professional teachers do with their time.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      Good grief! I'm glad the state government is now stepping in to require schools to allow teacher collaboration. The only problem is the state's requirements are vastly lower than what should be and needs to be provided to teachers so that real collaboration on student progress and course development can happen.
  • The opening paragraph does not capture the audience’s attention because it does not clearly state what the speech is about. However, the opening sentence of the second paragraph states your position with an effective contrast. What can you do to improve or strengthen your opening paragraph?
    • Mike Todd
      Mike Todd on 03 Feb 13
       
      I have often focussed on putting feedback on writing, similar to the last question, but have failed to include the preceding sentence - I agree that both are important.
  • Effective formative assessment involves collecting evidence about how student learning is progressing during the course of instruction so that necessary instructional adjustments can be made to close the gap between students’ current understanding and the desired goals.
    • Pam Rust
      Pam Rust on 04 Feb 13
       
      This says it all. How many times do teachers check for understanding along the way and then just keep rolling through the lesson, ignoring the fact that some kids are missing something. Does no good to check for understanding as you go if you do nothing when the data says not everyone gets it yet.
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 04 Feb 13
       
      Why do so many teachers assign a grade to formative assessments when, according to this, it is to collect evidence on how student learning is progressing towards the desired goal?
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      I have no idea Jodi, but I support a number of schools that firmly believe if they do not give something a grade then there is no use in doing it with the students. This statement is so perfect as to the purpose of formative assessment yet I would say the majority of teachers in the schools I come in contact with give a quiz, complain that the kids don't get it - as though it's all the kid's fault, and move right on with the content. It's frustrating!!
    • Dan Jones
      Dan Jones on 05 Feb 14
       
      On the student side of Jodi's argument, many students do not see the importance of something if they are not getting a grade. Just yesterday, a couple of my students were complaining about something they had to do and they, "weren't even getting a grade on it so why bother". I agree with the statement that we need to see where they are, a lot of teachers just keep plowing through even though the infromation they get back indicates that a lot of students aren't getting it. It isn't helping the kid's perspective if they fail quizzes along the way and then fail a test.
  • Because the formative assessment process helps students achieve intended learning outcomes based on explicit learning progressions, teachers must first identify and then communicate the instructional goal to students.
    • Pam Rust
      Pam Rust on 04 Feb 13
       
      Over the past few years we have worked on this during our PD. Goals are written on our boards and we refer to them often.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      Excellent! I am so glad to hear that at least one school is following through on this!
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 04 Feb 13
       
      Love all the acronyms in the opening three paragraphs :)
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      Education is truly becoming an "alphabet soup"!
  • a process rather than a particular kind of assessment
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 04 Feb 13
       
      I know a few teachers that automatically equate formative assessment with quiz or test.
  • language readily understood by students
    • Jodi Leimkuehler
      Jodi Leimkuehler on 05 Feb 13
       
      "I can" statements
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      Yes! It's a waste of time if students do not understand the learning goal!
  • ormative assessment
    • Holly Palmersheim
      Holly Palmersheim on 08 Feb 13
       
      It seems that there has been all this buzz about formative assessment like it is a new thing. For ever teachers have been using formative assessment to guide instruction on a daily basis. I appreciate that is has gotten attention so that teachers can collaborate to build assessments together and analyze data.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      Holly, I am an AEA Literacy Consultant and you have no idea the number of times over the past 6 -8 years that I have found teachers who have absolutely no idea what the difference is between formative and summative assessments or how to conduct them in the classroom. In fact, the majority of teachers, even after training, want to be able to attach a grade to all formative assessment. They do not understand that this type of assessment can be accomplished in ways that do not involve a piece of paper, a homework assignment, or a pop quiz. It is truly an ongoing battle in a number of schools.
  • Formative assessment is not an adjunct to teaching but, rather, integrated into instruction and learning with teachers and students receiving frequent feedback.
    • Holly Palmersheim
      Holly Palmersheim on 08 Feb 13
       
      Helping educators integrate the formative assessment process is key to helping them be successful. They can't see it as one more thing to do.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      I agree completely, if only I could get teachers to understand this fact! They see it as "one more thing I "gotta" do" rather than a way to see if their students are really understanding the material.
    • Sally Rigeman
      Sally Rigeman on 04 Feb 14
       
      Feedback to the student in terms of what they need to do differently is the most frequently ignored part of the process.
  • evidence-based feedback
    • Holly Palmersheim
      Holly Palmersheim on 08 Feb 13
       
      The Iowa Core aides the process of giving feedback as it provides specific student targets.
  • timely feedback should be based on the learning goal and criteria for success.
  • the reason the steps were incorrect.
    • Andrea Compton
      Andrea Compton on 12 Feb 13
       
      This is not a process that happens quickly. It takes lots and lots of good modeling by the instructor to create an environment safe enough for students to feel comfortable receiving as well as accepting good feedback.
  • students and their peers are involved there are many more opportunities to share and receive feedback
    • Sally Rigeman
      Sally Rigeman on 04 Feb 14
       
      This type of feedback is especially useful in improving project-based or performance tasks.
  • may be accompanied by realistic examples of those that meet and do not meet the criteria
    • kellie kendrick
      kellie kendrick on 05 Feb 14
       
      I used to be hesitant about showing my students examples because I didn't want to limit their creativity. Once I started showing them, however, I saw that more students understood how to demonstrate their knowledge of the goals set out, and the end products were much more high quality. I first only did this with big projects, but have slowly begun showing students more high and low quality examples for smaller projects too.
  • In addition, students can be encouraged to be self-reflective by thinking about their own work based on what they learned from giving feedback to others
    • kellie kendrick
      kellie kendrick on 05 Feb 14
       
      Self and peer reflection is something that I still struggle with. I have my students in Spanish III and IV often perform peer reflections with the writings that they do, but they still do not always take it seriously. I have tried to tell them that they should work hard to improve someone else's paper because they want their peers to help improve their own papers. As for self reflection, I am still working with my students to see the value in their own thinking.
  • Sharing learning goals and criteria for success with student
  • Instead, there are a number of formative assessment strategies that can be implemented during classroom instruction.
    • Dan Jones
      Dan Jones on 05 Feb 14
       
      This is where teachers get to use their covert,'sneaky' skills. They have to figure out how to get the information necessary to assess where the students are while appearing to go about their usual daily business. You have to be able to track that info too, which can be hard if you are collecting data on the sly.
  • students must be actively involved
    • Jamie Van Horn
      Jamie Van Horn on 09 Feb 14
       
      This can be a big challenge for teachers when parents are not involved in their students' learning and/or students do not put forth the effort. Sadly, this is very common.
  • “just right gap”
    • Jamie Van Horn
      Jamie Van Horn on 09 Feb 14
       
      The problem here is that the students in one class are not all at the same growth point and with growing class sizes, it can be difficult for the teachers to adjust to all students at the same time. Usually the advanced students will push themselves, but what about the lower students that need more time? With so much required of the teachers, they feel the pressure to move on so they can cover all of their units even when some students have not achieved the short term goals. This can lead to even bigger problems down the road.
  • allow the student an opportunity to identify ways to move learning forward
    • Jamie Van Horn
      Jamie Van Horn on 09 Feb 14
       
      So important to allow the student to identify the ways to move forward instead of just telling them what to do. This is where true learning takes place.
  • FAST SCASS and FA Advisory Group
erichillman

ollie_4_1: Building a Better Mousetrap - 1 views

moodlesw.aeapdonline.org/...view.php

shared by erichillman on 18 May 16 - No Cached
  • rubrics can help the student with self-assessment; what is most important here is not the final product the students produce, but the habits of mind practiced in the act of self-assessment
    • parsonsbrandi
      parsonsbrandi on 18 May 16
       
      Applying meta-cognitive thinking to the product should help with an end result.
  • Perhaps the greatest potential value of classroom assessment is realized when we open the assessment process up and welcome students into that process as full partners”
    • parsonsbrandi
      parsonsbrandi on 18 May 16
       
      Student ownership makes assessment more meaningful.
  • The result is many students struggle blindly, especially non-traditional, unsuccessful, or under-prepared students, who tend to miss many of the implied expectations of a college instructor, expectations that better prepared, traditional students readily internalize
    • parsonsbrandi
      parsonsbrandi on 18 May 16
       
      In all my training, I've heard over and over that what works for an ELL/Sped student works for a gen ed student, especially those of low SES backgrounds.
    • Elizabeth Fritz
      Elizabeth Fritz on 21 May 16
       
      setting expectations can help all students succeed
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • I once gave extra credit to a student who realized that without providing a shred of meaningful content she could meet all the requirements of a state writing rubric he posted in his classroom. As required she used the word “persuade” and two synonyms, composed a clear topic sentence and closing sentence, and made no spelling or grammatical errors. But she did it without saying anything coherent
    • parsonsbrandi
      parsonsbrandi on 18 May 16
       
      My husband often has me read his papers for classes - and he struggles with this. He'll meet the minimum requirements, but he won't have a coherent article.
  • Rubrics can be designed to measure either product or process or both; and, they can be designed with dimensions describing the different levels of that “deep learning” so valued in WAC programs.
    • parsonsbrandi
      parsonsbrandi on 18 May 16
       
      Deep learning should highlight both process and product
  • by designing a rubric on a PC that allows for the easy insertion of assignment specific traits.
    • parsonsbrandi
      parsonsbrandi on 18 May 16
       
      Shouldn't this be fairly common practice now? I might start with planning with a paper and pencil, but by the time I am publishing I would be doing so on a computer/device of some sort.
  • Is the description of criteria judgemental?
    • parsonsbrandi
      parsonsbrandi on 18 May 16
       
      I struggled with this when we were creating a group rubric. I guess I was using it as a self-assessment tool, but I could be off track there too.
    • Elizabeth Fritz
      Elizabeth Fritz on 21 May 16
       
      I also struggled with the group rubric because I was unclear as to the intent of the assignment. I will sometimes use the rubric as a teaching strategy, so students can see the expectations and then self -assess through the process.
  • Rubrics that are prescriptive rather than descriptive will promote thoughtless and perfunctory writing; such rubrics are as limiting to the development of rhetorical mastery as the five-paragraph essay. And, rubrics cannot be the sole response to a student’s paper; sound pedagogy would dictate that rubrics should be used in conjunction with other strategies, such as the letter writing/dialogic approach to assessment that Halden-Sullivan describes as preferable to the rubric.
    • Barbara Day
      Barbara Day on 19 May 16
       
      It seems to me that a lot has to do with how the rubric is introduced and discussed.  Do we want to encourage students to write to the rubric, or use the rubric as goals to strive towards. How we describe excellent writing makes a difference.
  • the teacher that uses specific rubrics is always composing new descriptions of quality work, but their students have clearer directions for each assignment.
    • Barbara Day
      Barbara Day on 19 May 16
       
      Rubrics also need to be fluid. They need to be revisited and updated as you use them, so they can better reflect quality writing.  
  • Rubrics can have any number of points along a scale—the ISBE’s rubric rates each trait on separate six-point scales—as long as each point on the scale is well-defined. This may be difficult to do for longer scales. While longer scales make it harder to get agreement among scorers (inter-rater reliability), extremely short scales make it difficult to identify small differences between students.
    • Barbara Day
      Barbara Day on 19 May 16
       
      Too many points on the scale could make it really confusing and difficult to use.  I think it would also become less meaningful to the student.
  • Evaluate your rubric using the criteria discussed in Part 1. Pilot test your rubric or checklist on actual samples of student work. Revise the rubric and try it out again. Share the rubric with your students and their parents.
    • Barbara Day
      Barbara Day on 19 May 16
       
      Evaluating, pilot testing, revising and sharing the rubric are essential to creating a useful tool.  It isn't until you begin using it that you discover points that need to be clarified, or revised, or gaps that must be addressed. As I mentioned in an earlier note, rubrics must be fluid and updated frequently.
  • While many educators make a compelling argument for sharing rubrics with students, others worry that doing so will encourage formulaic writing.
    • Elizabeth Fritz
      Elizabeth Fritz on 21 May 16
       
      I have often felt that some students view the rubric as a checklist and do the minimum. Good rubric writing is a must to get past this aspect.
  • . Clearly defining the purpose of assessment and what you want to assess is the first step in developing a quality rubric. The second step is deciding who your audience is going to be. If the rubric is primarily used for instruction and will be shared with your students, then it should be non-judgemental, free of educational jargon, and reflect the critical vocabulary that you use in your classroom.
    • Elizabeth Fritz
      Elizabeth Fritz on 21 May 16
       
      Another angle is to develop the rubric WITH your students. Helps to provide ownership of learning.
  • Does the rubric relate to the outcome(s) being measured? Does it address anything extraneous? […] Does it cover important dimensions of student performance? Do the criteria reflect current conceptions of excellence in the field? […] Are the dimensions and scales well defined? […] Is there a clear basis for assigning scores at each scale point? […] Can different scorers consistently apply the rubric? […] Can students and parents understand the rubric? […] Is the rubric developmentally appropriate? […] Can the rubric be applied to a variety of tasks? […] Is the rubric fair and free from bias? Does it reflect teachable skills or does it address variables over which students and educators have no control, such as the student’s culture, gender or home resources? […] Is the rubric useful, feasible, manageable and practical? […] Will it provide the kind of information you need and can use effectively?
    • Elizabeth Fritz
      Elizabeth Fritz on 21 May 16
       
      This is a lot to think about! I can see the elements we have been using within our group rubric creation.
    • erichillman
      erichillman on 01 Jun 16
       
      This is so important!  We can't move our practice forward without shifting to rubric-based scoring for our authentic tasks.
  • explicit performance criteria, along with supporting models of work, make it possible for students to use the attributes of exemplary work to monitor their own performance.”
    • erichillman
      erichillman on 01 Jun 16
       
      This is one of the hardest things for me, getting the language of the rubric to be concise and explicit.  I know what I want out of the criteria, I just struggle with putting it into a manageableamount of words.
  • a typical example, that they will get an A for writing a 1000 word essay that “cites x number of sources and supports its thesis with at least three arguments” will lead students to perceive writing as a kind of “paint-by-number” endeavor
  • we need a meta-rubric to assess our rubric.
kylejclark

iowaonlinelearning - Teaching Standards - 3 views

iowaonlinelearning.wikispaces.com/Teaching+Standards

shared by kylejclark on 08 Jul 15 - No Cached
  • Continuously uses data to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of instructional strategies (
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      This is so important. If students aren't getting a concept, repeating it over and over....or slower...isn't the answer. We must find a different way to approach them. This is true of all types of learning - traditional and online. 
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      This is so important for all type of instruction, whether it be online or face-to-face. If a student isn't getting the concept, repeating my instruction over and over....or slower...isn't going to help. Time to try a different approach. 
  • Designs the structure of the course and the presentation of the content to best enhance student learning, including using unit/lesson overviews and reviews, using patterns in lesson sequencing, and using appropriate visual web design techniques
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      This gets me to thinking about layout of an online course and ease of navigation. If things aren't clearly laid out or easy to navigate, it makes the learning more difficult. My daughter is taking a summer class and I'm seeing first hand how course layout has affected her. The lessons are presented in Soft Chalk with the assignment directions on the assessment page. They don't take the assessments shown there, rather the ones the instructor posts in the modules. The assignment directions are not easy to return to, The pages load slowly and there is no sliding bar to just take you to the last page. The assignment directions are not shown on the assignment page where students actually submit their work. This has been a source of frustration for my daughter. Layout and ease of navigation, along with directions on the actual assignment page are extremely important for online learners. Especially students who aren't as patient as adult learners. 
  • Tailors instruction to meet the different needs of students,
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      This is something I strive to do in my classroom. Face-to-face interactions make this easier. This would be more challenging in on-line learning. 
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      This is something I strive to do in my classroom. Online learning presents challenges in this area. Great care and planning would be involved. I can see the importance of having a student coach. 
    • milemieux
      milemieux on 16 Jul 15
       
      Accommadating for students with special needs would be a tough in the online setting. With the use of some technologies such as text to speech I think that some of those challenges could be addressed. I agree though, if it is a full online class, then a student coach would be ideal.
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • Understands and uses data from assessments to guide instruction
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      This ties in with the first item I highlighted.
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      This ties to the first item I highlighted. Assessment data, whether it be formative or summative, must guide what we do as teachers. How many times over the years have I given an assessment and didn't do anything with it? I continually strive to do better with this. 
    • milemieux
      milemieux on 16 Jul 15
       
      I like this one as well. It is so hard to be a learner when you do not understand something, and the teacher continues to plow forward.
  • Creates a learning community
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      A sense of community is what makes a classroom such a great place to learn. The challenge would be to create such a learning community with online learners. 
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      A sense of community is so important for learning. This seems so much easier to me with face-to-face learning. Definitely a learning curve for educators as we head towards more online learning. 
    • klsgwin
      klsgwin on 17 Jul 15
       
      Agreed! The connections in face-to-face learning environments are more naturally occurring but in an online environment where a large component to understanding lies in the ability to effectively communicate the material, an educator must facilitate an open and safe place to do so.
  • Communicates with students effectively and consistently
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      Finding how to effectively communicate and monitor students consistently in an online course seems extremely important to me.  Adult learners are more likely to be independent and push on when things aren't clear. Not the case with children or teenagers. They are more likely to just "shut down" and blow the course off if they weren't able to communicate with their coach and/or instructor. 
    • cjterry64
      cjterry64 on 08 Jul 15
       
      Finding out how to effectively communicate with online learners seems critical. Again, the importance of a student coach surfaces. Adult learners tend to push on and problem solve more. Student learners, not so much. Feedback, help with assignment, tech help, etc. must be given consistently and as quickly as possible. Finding the balance between being available and being on 24/7 would be challenging. Letting students know when you are available, when to expect a reply to message, when things will be graded must be communicated up front. And communicate if changes occur. I know even my 5th graders appreciated updates if something was taking longer to grade than anticipated or if I needed to help them a little later. 
  • Your thoughts?
  • encourages collaboration
    • elgehrke
      elgehrke on 14 Jul 15
       
      I feel like maybe last year I was so focused on classroom management that I didn't really take many risks in the collaboration department. I know how important that collaboration is... I just have to figure out how to make sure my students stay actively engaged with our learning during these group work or partner work times.
    • Beth Moss
      Beth Moss on 16 Jul 15
       
      I could see how with younger students this could be... "risky." AS adults, and professionals, we self regulate and censure ourselves well. Especially with topics that are not controversial.  I wonder if canvas has a way that kids can post, and you can moderate before it is shared?
  • appropriate use of the internet
    • milemieux
      milemieux on 16 Jul 15
       
      Using techniques to engage the students will push them to do more than the minimum. If they become engaged and are enjoying it they could take their learning to another level. In this class, I feel I have learned about a lot of new resources that will help engage my students in their learning.
  • Knows the content of the subject to be taught and understands how to teach the content to students (SREB A.3, Varvel II.A, ITS 2.a)
    • milemieux
      milemieux on 16 Jul 15
       
      This seems silly to highlight this, but students need to have an instructor that is trained in the subject matter and has the technology skills to help students as well. It brings validity to the material when presented by someone that has learned about it, experienced it and has taught the material. I would be horrible at teaching an online course about Language Arts because that is not my strength area and have limited skills providing online learning. In my opinion, if you want something to be successful you need to be fully invested and not cut corners.
  • Selects and uses technologies appropriate to the content that enhance learning (SREB M.3, Varvel IV.D, ITS 3.e, ITS 4.f)
    • milemieux
      milemieux on 16 Jul 15
       
      Technology is great but sometimes technolgy does not always fit every learning situation. Choosing the right format or multiple options, can make or break instruction. I found it very easy to follow along with the videos provided to sign up for diigo, where I probably would have struggled to more if I had to read directions and figure it out on my own. Visually seeing it put me more at ease.
  • Understands student motivation and uses techniques to engage students
    • milemieux
      milemieux on 16 Jul 15
       
      Being able to motivate and engage students helps to push them to do more than just the minimum. Hopefully, they will take more ownership of the learning and take it to another level.
  • Demonstrates ethical conduct as defined by state law and local policies or procedures (ITS 8.a, ITS 8.b)
    • Beth Moss
      Beth Moss on 16 Jul 15
       
      This is potentially hard to do. There is so much copyrighted material that floats around the internet, namely on youtube and on google image search. Its tempting to just use all the resources you can easily find, and those are two HUGE sources of information. I hear the AEA website has an copyright OK picture library for school use, and I know there where some learning licensed video sights listed on the resource wiki we looked at. Anyone know some more specifics on these? #ollie_iowa
    • klsgwin
      klsgwin on 17 Jul 15
       
      When you are using Canvas and posting information on your class page, you can click an icon above the text box that has a list of video resources available. I would be able to tell you more however, I am new to it as well. It is the little blue V in the center of the bar above the text box.
  • Knows and aligns instruction to the achievement goals of the local agency and the state, such as with the Iowa Core (Varvel I.A, ITS 1.f, ITS 3.a)
    • Beth Moss
      Beth Moss on 16 Jul 15
       
      This is no different than any other course in real life, but it speaks to the rigor thats expected no matter what the delivery method. 
  • Understands the differences between teaching online and teaching face-to-face (SREB C.1, Varvel V)
    • klsgwin
      klsgwin on 17 Jul 15
       
      This seems like a no-brainer but the two are distinctly different.
  • Has experienced online learning from the perspective of a student
    • klsgwin
      klsgwin on 17 Jul 15
       
      This is integral to a student's success. I have always held fast to the belief that if you don't understand the context of a student, you are missing out on teaching opportunities.
  • Aligns assessment with course objectives (SREB I.3, Varvel VI.C, ITS 5.a) • Communicates assessment criteria and standards to students, including rubrics for student performances and participation (Varvel VI.D, ITS 5.b)
    • klsgwin
      klsgwin on 17 Jul 15
       
      Not any different from the Learning Targets we create for our Priority Standards for our face to face classes.
    • kylejclark
      kylejclark on 20 Jul 15
       
      This is critical with an online course.  Not only do your criteria and standards need to be clear, but you also must have an efficient way for students to seek clarification and ask questions, just like they would in a normal classroom.
  • 8. Adheres to, models, and guides ethical behavior, including technological use (ITS 8)
    • kylejclark
      kylejclark on 20 Jul 15
       
      This standard as a whole is my weak point.  My knowledge about copyright laws is minimal at best.
francysmaureen

Organization & Preparation Tips | Garr Reynolds Official Site - 3 views

www.garrreynolds.com/...prepare

shared by francysmaureen on 13 Jul 14 - No Cached
  • pen and paper.
    • Patty Harrell
      Patty Harrell on 13 Jul 14
       
      white board -sticky notes- mind webbing on the computer or on paper-free thinking or brainstorming with a partner-tape recording or writing down It helps to keep a list of pre writing activities handy.Start with the three big ideas. make sure they are stated concisely!
    • Patty Harrell
      Patty Harrell on 13 Jul 14
       
      Keep it simple! You don't want someone to turn off or to walk away overwhelmed. The elevator test: If you don't have enough passion or interest in you subject you will fail this test and your presentation would probably fail also. Follow your heart!
  • and reduce anxiety and nervousness, then confidence is something that will naturally take the place of your anxiety
    • Patty Harrell
      Patty Harrell on 13 Jul 14
       
      I wish!
    • pattyharris123
      pattyharris123 on 31 Jul 14
       
      Yes, confidence will improve, but some of us have that natural anxiety when presenting in front of a group.
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • n. When you remove the unknown
    • jessicawoods8
      jessicawoods8 on 16 Jul 14
       
      What a great quote! I feel this is why I become a better teacher every year. The unknown is gone so I can be confident in what I am teaching my students. 
    • Patty Harrell
      Patty Harrell on 13 Jul 14
       
      Simple is not easy but I think it is most important. If it is too complex your audience might even remember the wrong thing - for instance what you said not to do.
    • Patty Harrell
      Patty Harrell on 13 Jul 14
       
      The best presentations do include a story! I need to use this in my presentations. 
    • Patty Harrell
      Patty Harrell on 16 Jul 14
       
      Story telling! I love to read and to hear a good story. I need to remember to use this! I have to agree that the best presentations I have heard lead me down the path of a story. 
  • it is useful to think of your entire 30 minute presentation as an opportunity to “tell a story.”
    • Patty Harrell
      Patty Harrell on 13 Jul 14
       
      Yes! I need to remember this!
    • Patty Harrell
      Patty Harrell on 16 Jul 14
       
      yes I need to do this.
    • Patty Harrell
      Patty Harrell on 16 Jul 14
       
      Confidence. As soon as I look at the audience I freeze. In front of my students or a small group I am fine, but I struggle with a larger group no matter how much I know my subject. 
  • one entire wall
  • Stories are easy to remember for your audience
    • jessicawoods8
      jessicawoods8 on 16 Jul 14
       
      I agree! When a topic or new skill is presented with a story, I tend to remember it better! 
  • What are their expectations of you?
    • jessicawoods8
      jessicawoods8 on 16 Jul 14
       
      What a great way to think about things! Instead of thinking about what I want to teach the audience, I can think about the expectations of the audience.
  • A data dump — all too common unfortunately — is when a presenter crams too much information into the talk without making the effort to make the information or data applicable to the members of the audience.
    • jessicawoods8
      jessicawoods8 on 20 Jul 14
       
      I have been in many presentations that felt like this! An audience wants to know the "why." I think it's important to include why the information is applicable to the audience.
  • It may be cool, but is it important or help your story in a very important way…or is it fluff?
    • jessicawoods8
      jessicawoods8 on 16 Jul 14
       
      I have been guilty of "adding fluff" to a presentation. I like the idea of asking yourself "so what?".
  • if your presentation is not based on solid content, you can not succeed
    • francysmaureen
      francysmaureen on 16 Sep 15
       
      We need to cite research to give our words a backbone
  • you have your key points and logical flow
    • francysmaureen
      francysmaureen on 16 Sep 15
       
      We all need a plan to follow and an order to follow to achieve anything. Presentations are not an exception.
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