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The purpose of this notice of funding opportunity (NOFO) is to: 1) obtain a better understanding of the factors contributing to disparities in vaccination coverage observed between adolescents living in rural areas compared to adolescents living in urban areas within the United States for all recommended vaccines, with a special emphasis on human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine; and 2) implement and evaluate an intervention(s) to improve vaccination coverage among adolescents living in rural areas.

The goal of the NOSI is to develop strategies and interventions to address vaccine hesitancy, uptake, and implementation among populations who experience health disparities in the US. The NOSI will solicit research to help understand and address misinformation, distrust, and hesitancy regarding vaccines (e.g., SARS-CoV-2, human papilloma virus, pneumococcal, influenza, hepatitis B, and herpes zoster) that target adults in the United States and territories, especially among populations who are at increased risk for morbidity and mortality due to long-standing systemic health and social inequities and chronic medical conditions. The program will solicit community-engaged research to: 1) evaluate innovative interventions (e.g., expand reach, access) to facilitate vaccination uptake in clinical and community contexts; and 2) address the barriers to increasing reach, access, and uptake of vaccinations among health disparity populations.

The goal of this non-research NOFO is to develop and implement programs designed to improve adult vaccination coverage rates, using the principles of the Standards for Adult Immunization Practice. This NOFO will have two components, one that focuses on influenza vaccination in high risk adults and another component that focuses on racial and ethnic disparities in adult vaccinations more broadly. It is anticipated that one award will be made per component. Interested applicants may apply for one or both components.