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This initiative will support projects that exploit Omics assays to address outstanding questions regarding molecular regulation of persistent HIV (e.g. latency or reservoirs) in the context of chronic substance use or substance use disorder (SUD).

The Electronics, Photonics and Magnetic Devices (EPMD) Program supports innovative research on novel devices based on the principles of electronics, optics and photonics, optoelectronics, magnetics, opto- and electromechanics, electromagnetics, and related physical phenomena. EPMD's goal is to advance the frontiers of micro-, nano- and quantum-based devices operating within the electromagnetic spectrum and contributing to a broad range of application domains including information and communications, imaging and sensing, healthcare, Internet of Things, energy, infrastructure, and manufacturing. The program encourages research based on emerging technologies for miniaturization, integration, and energy efficiency as well as novel material-based devices with new functionalities, improved efficiency, flexibility, tunability, wearability, and enhanced reliability.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is twofold: 1. to accelerate translational and clinical Phase I and II a/b safety and efficacy studies for substantiating measurable functional benefits of probiotic/prebiotic components and/or their combinations; and; 2. to understand the underlying mechanisms of their action(s), and variability in responses to these interventions. This FOA calls for interdisciplinary collaborations across scientific disciplines engaged in microbiome and pro/prebiotic research including, but not limited to: nutritional science, microbiology, virology, microecology and microbiome, genomics, immunology, computational biology, chemistry, bioengineering, as well as integration of omics and computational approaches in DNA technologies.

The focus of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is on in vivo human studies, and in vitro studies on human cells or tissues, aimed at potential identification of therapeutic targets or and/or testing of interventions for healthy aging. Potential therapeutic targets include FOXO3 itself and upstream and downstream regulators in pathways mediated by FOXO3. The range of research areas of interest in this FOA includes studies that: 1) examine in vivo phenotypic effects of human FOXO3 variants, and/or 2) elucidate effects of these variants on cellular functions and the pathways that mediate them, and/or 3) identify and evaluate candidate therapeutic targets (e.g., target validation studies, testing of candidate compounds) for potential interventions based on FOXO3 functional pathways. Projects involving whole genome sequencing of new or existing cohorts are outside the scope of this FOA. However, targeted resequencing on a limited sample set in an existing cohort could be supported by this FOA.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is associated with the Beau Biden Cancer MoonshotSM Initiative that is intended to accelerate cancer research. The purpose of this FOA is to establish Centers of collaborating investigators with the goal of identifying and advancing research opportunities for translating immunotherapy concepts for children and adolescents with cancer toward clinical applications. Specifically, this FOA targets the following area designated as a scientific priority by the Blue Ribbon Panel (BRP): Recommendation (B) that calls for the establishment of a pediatric immunotherapy translational science network. The network was envisioned by the BRP as focusing on identifying new targets for immunotherapies, developing new pediatric immunotherapy treatment approaches (e.g., cancer vaccines, cellular therapy, combinations of immunotherapy agents, and others), and defining the biological mechanisms by which pediatric tumors evade the immune system. The Pediatric Immunotherapy Discovery and Development Network (PI-DDN) Centers will address and implement these BRP recommendations.