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This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites grant applications for research to examine 1) the impact of Human-Animal Interactions (HAI) on typical and atypical child development and health; 2) the evaluation of animal-assisted intervention for children and adults with disabilities or in need of rehabilitative services; 3) the effects of animals on public health, including cost effectiveness of involving animals in reducing and preventing disease.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites grant applications for research to examine 1) the impact of HAI on typical and atypical child development and health; 2) the evaluation of animal-assisted intervention for children and adults with disabilities or in need of rehabilitative services; 3) the effects of animals on public health, including cost effectiveness of involving animals in reducing and preventing disease.

Research program focus areas identified by the foundation include: Pediatric Health - Projects that promote health and prevent or treat disease. Of particular interest are applied research projects focused on reducing the incidence of neonatal and early childhood illnesses, or those aimed at improving cognitive, social, and emotional aspects of development. Pediatric Nutrition - Projects that assure adequate nutrition to infants and young children, including applied research that evaluates the provision of specific nutrients and their related outcomes. Environmental Hazards (Nutrient Competitors) - Projects that document the impact of, or ameliorate the effects of, environmental hazards on the growth and development of infants and young children. Major target areas for research include new diagnostic tools that might be more rapid, more specific, more sensitive, or less invasive; treatment regimens that are novel, less stressful or painful, more targeted, have fewer side effects, and/or provide optimal dosing; symptom relief; preventative measures; assessment of deficiencies or excesses (vitamins, minerals, drugs, etc.); and risk assessment tools or measures for environmental hazards, trauma, etc. The foundation is interested in supporting projects that will result in "new" information, treatments, or tools that result in a change in practice; it rarely funds projects that are focused on sharing current information with parents or caregivers.

This NOFO is intended to increase the capacity and capability of newborn screening laboratories to test for newborn screening conditions as recommended by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children. This NOFO is also intended to improve newborn screening test performance and test interpretation of dried blood spot newborn screening.