Group items tagged

Calcium, protein, and fruit and vegetables as dietary determinants of bone health. New SA, Millward DJ. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 May;77(5):1340-1; author reply 1341. PMID: 12716695

Prostaglandin E2 production and T cell function after fish-oil supplementation: response to antioxidant cosupplementation. Trebble TM, Wootton SA, Miles EA, Mullee M, Arden NK, Ballinger AB, Stroud MA, Burdge GC, Calder PC. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3):376-82. PMID: 12936918

25-Hydroxyvitamin D and functional outcomes in adolescents. Lamberg-Allardt CJ, Viljakainen HT. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Aug;88(2):534S-536S. Review. PMID: 18689396 CONCLUSIONS Cross-sectional studies have shown a relation among serum 25(OH)D concentration, serum PTH concentration, and BMD in adolescents. Long-term randomized controlled intervention studies have shown that vitamin D3 supplementation has a positive effect on BMD in adolescence; some of these studies found an effect with doses as small as 5 µg (200 IU) to 10 µg (400 IU) per day, or without supplemental calcium.

Hypovitaminosis D in British adults at age 45 y: nationwide cohort study of dietary and lifestyle predictors. Hyppönen E, Power C. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):860-8. PMID: 17344510 Conclusion: Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in the general population was alarmingly high during the winter and spring, which warrants action at a population level rather than at a risk group level. Data from the 1958 birth cohort suggest that, at different cutoffs for hypovitaminosis D, a substantial public health problem exists in British whites. Obese participants and those living in Scotland were at the highest risk of hypovitaminosis D. However, the prevalence in the general population was very high during the winter and spring, which suggests that, to improve the situation, action is required at a population level rather than at a risk-group level. In the United States, calls have gone out for an increase in vitamin D fortification of foods (11), and the data from the current study suggest that such action is also warranted in the United Kingdom. Vitamin D is currently available without prescription as a dietary supplement only as part of cod liver oil or multivitamin products; hence, a need clearly exists to consider increased availability of over-the-counter supplements. Hypovitaminosis D has been implicated in the development of serious conditions, including diabetes, various types of cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, in addition to its essential role in maintaining bone health (1, 2). The high rates of hypovitaminosis D reported in this study suggest that immediate action is needed to improve the vitamin D status of the British population.

25-Hydroxylation of vitamin D3: relation to circulating vitamin D3 under various input conditions. Heaney RP, Armas LA, Shary JR, Bell NH, Binkley N, Hollis BW. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jun;87(6):1738-42. PMID: 18541563 Conclusions: At physiologic inputs, there is rapid conversion of precursor to product at low vitamin D3 concentrations and a much slower rate of conversion at higher concentrations. These data suggest that, at typical vitamin D3 inputs and serum concentrations, there is very little native cholecalciferol in the body, and 25(OH)D constitutes the bulk of vitamin D reserves. However, at supraphysiologic inputs, large quantities of vitamin D3 are stored as the native compound, presumably in body fat, and are slowly released to be converted to 25(OH)D.

Vieth R.Vitamin D supplementation, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, andsafety.Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 May;69(5):842-56. Review.PMID: 10232622 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Consumption of 2 and 4 egg yolks/d for 5 wk increases macular pigment concentrations in older adults with low macular pigment taking cholesterol-lowering statins. Vishwanathan R, Goodrow-Kotyla EF, Wooten BR, Wilson TA, Nicolosi RJ. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Nov;90(5):1272-9. Epub 2009 Sep 16. PMID: 19759170 Conclusions: Consumption of 4 egg yolks/d, and possibly of 2 egg yolks/d, for 5 wk benefited macular health in older adults with low MPOD. Serum HDL cholesterol increased without an increase in LDL cholesterol in this study population, most of whom were taking cholesterol-lowering statins.