The deluge of coal-ash slurry that broke through a retaining wall near the Kingston Fossil Plant, a power plant in eastern Tennessee, on Dec. 22, 2008, and inundated 300 acres with more than a billion gallons of sludge, points out the enormous amount of waste generated by conventional power plants. By contrast, the Tennessee Valley Authority also operates a nuclear power plant a few miles away at Watts Bar which produces much less waste, says Robert C. Duncan, a research scientist with the University of Texas.
About 96 percent (by weight) of the Kingston plant's waste has vanished into the air through tall, twin smokestacks: