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Jocelle A

How fracking caused earthquakes in the UK - environment - 02 November 2011 - New Scientist - 2 views

www.newscientist.com/...sed-earthquakes-in-the-uk.html

Jocelle Amurao

shared by Jocelle A on 28 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • April and May this year, two small earthquakes struck the UK near the town of Blackpool.
  • hydraulic fracturing, known as fracking
  • controversial process to extract natural gas by fracturing the surrounding rock.
  • ...28 more annotations...
  • fracking caused the earthquakes.
  • magnitude-2.3 earthquake occurred on 1 April, followed by a magnitude-1.5 quake on 27 May.
  • Preese Hall drilling site
  • Cuadrilla Resources was using fracking to extract gas from a shale bed.
  • (BGS) suggested that the quakes were linked to Cuadrilla's fracking activities.
  • link with fracking has now been confirmed by an independent report commissioned by Cuadrilla, Geomechanical Study of Bowland Shale Seismicity
  • induced by direct injection of fluid into the fault zone."
  • two geologists
  • fracking could – and most likely did – provoke the quakes.
  • injecting huge volumes of water into the rocks surrounding a natural gas deposit
  • water fractures the rocks, creating dozens of cracks through which the gas can escape to the surface.
  • UK quakes were not caused by the violent rupturing of the rocks
  • water
  • lubricates the rocks and pushes them apart, allowing them to slip past each other
  • oiling the fault," says Brian Baptie of the BGS.
  • Fracking has been going on in the US for decades
  • become much more common in recent years
  • evidence
  • causes earthquakes
  • "This is one of the first times felt earthquakes have been associated with fracking," Baptie says.
  • Cuadrilla report says the earthquakes occurred because of a rare combination of circumstances
  • fault was already under stress
  • brittle enough to fracture and had space for large amounts of water that could lubricate it.
  • unlikely to happen again
  • small faults are probably common in deep rocks
  • given the same injection scheme in the same well, that there could be further earthquakes," he says.
  • If earthquakes begin to occur, it could reduce the flow of water into the well, or even pump it back out, preventing the bigger quakes.
  • damage
annikam17

Weather Affects Timing Of Some Natural Hazards - Science News - 0 views

www.sciencenews.org/...timing_of_some_natural_hazards

Annika Marshall

shared by annikam17 on 28 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • Seasonal patterns of rainfall and snowfall can affect how often quakes and volcanoes go off, scientists reported December 8 at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union.
  • monsoon storms runs off the mountains
  • weight bends the Earth’s crust slightly
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • this bending causes the surface to move back and forth
  • Seismic records collected from 1998 to 2004 show that the number of quakes drops in the rainy summer months and rebounds when things dry out.
  • the flexing eases the stress on the fault where two tectonic plates collide beneath the Himalayas.
  • seismicity
  • Positioning System
Mizuho L

2010 Haiti quake possible start of new cycle of seismic activity - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...120126152125.htm

shared by Mizuho L on 28 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • Mizuho L on 28 Aug 12
     
    "About"
Jonathan P

Scientist discovers plate tectonics on Mars - 1 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...120809155831.htm

shared by Jonathan P on 28 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • "Mars is at a primitive stage of plate tectonics. It gives us a glimpse of how the early Earth may have looked and may help us understand how plate tectonics began on Earth
  • Yin made the di
  • Yin made the di
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • covery during his analysis of satel
  • overy during his analysis of sat
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