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Contents contributed and discussions participated by Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

INQUISITIVES- Identify the Pathology and Diagnose - 1 views

  •  
    Have a look at my posterous...And take part in the photo-quiz..
Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

Anaesthesia UK : Coagulation Disorders In Pregnancy - 0 views

  • Coagulation Disorders In Pregnancy
  • Placental Abruption
  • commonest cause of DIC in the parturien
Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

Radial Artery Cannulation: Slideshow - 0 views

  • Radial Artery Cannulation: Slideshow
Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/Com07/Com708-1.htm - 0 views

  • Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

West Syndrome (Infantile Spasms) | Doctor | Patient UK - 0 views

  • West Syndrome (Infantile Spasms)
  • bobbings that cause a complete heaving of the head forward towards his knees, and then immediately relaxing into the upright position... these bowings and relaxings would be repeated alternately at intervals of a few seconds, and repeated from 10 to 20 or more times at each attack, which attack would not continue more than 2 or 3 minutes; he sometimes has 2, 3 or more attacks in the day.
  • hypsarrhythmia that occurs even between attacks
    • Dr.Ravichandra Karkal
       
      classical EEG
Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

Citric Acid Cycle Summary - 0 views

  • Citric Acid Cycle Summary
Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

AccessMedicine | Drug Absorption, Bioavailability, and Routes of Administration - 0 views

  • Subcutaneous
  • not irritating to tissue
  • Moreover, altering the period over which a drug is absorbed may be varied intentionally, as is accomplished with insulin for injection using particle size, protein complexation, and pH to provide short- (3 to 6 hours), intermediate- (10 to 18 hours), and long-acting (18 to 24 hours) preparations.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • Intramuscular
  • Drugs in aqueous solution are absorbed quite rapidly after intramuscular injection depending on the rate of blood flow to the injection site.
  • may be modulated to some extent by local heating, massage, or exercise.
  • while absorption of insulin generally is more rapid from injection in the arm and abdominal wall than the thigh, jogging may cause a precipitous drop in blood sugar when insulin is injected into the thigh rather than into the arm or abdominal wall because running markedly increases blood flow to the leg.
  • A hot bath accelerates absorption from all these sites owing to vasodilation.
  • fat is relatively poorly perfused.
  • Slow, constant absorption from the intramuscular site results if the drug is injected in solution in oil or suspended in various other repository (depot) vehicles.
Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

WHO Issues Guidelines for Antiviral Treatment for H1N1 and Other Influenza - 1 views

  • WHO Issues Guidelines for Antiviral Treatment for H1N1 and Other Influenza
  • Recommendations for Antiviral Treatment of H1N1
Dr.Ravichandra Karkal

WORKUP AND DIAGNOSIS OF A SOLITARY THYROID NODULE from Townsend: Sabiston Textbook of S... - 0 views

  • Rapid growth and signs of possible invasion, such as pain or hoarseness, are most suggestive, but not conclusive of malignancy
  • Clinical groups with the highest risk for malignancy in a thyroid nodule are children, males, adults younger than 30 or older than 60 years, and those exposed to radiation therapy, especially during childhood
  • history of specific endocrine disorders
    • Dr.Ravichandra Karkal
       
      medullary carcinoma, MEN 2, or papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), or a history of familial polyposis, including Gardner's syndrome.
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • Serum Tg has been reported as useful in predicting a well-differentiated carcinoma
  • Radioisotope Scanning
  • radionuclide scans allow assessment of thyroid function.
  • Technetium pertechnetate (99mTc) is taken up rapidly by the normal activity of follicular cells. It is trapped by follicular cells, but not organified. 99mTc has a short half-life and low radiation dose. Its rapid absorption allows quick evaluation of increased uptake (so-called hot) or hypofunctioning (so-called cold) areas of the thyroid.
  • 123I and 131I iodine scintigraphy is also used to evaluate the functional status of the gland
  • Advantages of scanning with 123I include a low dose of radiation (30 mrad) and short half-life.
  • 123I is a good choice for evaluating suspected lingual thyroids or substernal goiters.
  • 131I has a longer half-life (8 days) and emits higher levels of β-radiation. 131I is optimal for imaging thyroid carcinoma.
  • screening modality of choice for the evaluation of distant metastasis.
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