M2016 Economics SL Mr. Friedman

After a law was introduced by the government banning smoking in public enclosed places, scientists have noticed a large decrease of child asthma cases; in the first year, the number of admissions in hospital with this case decreased by 12.3%. This shows that before the ban, smoking was causing a negative externality, which was child asthma. This therefore meant the government needed to intervene, by creating the smoking ban on public places.

In this article, the author discusses the issue of smoking in public places. The article prods us to smoke in private places rather than smoking in public places. The author suggests that public smoking is a negative externality because it has a subversive effect on all the individuals who don't smoke.

Namely, this article discerns the idea of whether the authorities should allow the cigarette sales on campus or not. In this article, it is clearly stated that banning the cigarette sales lessen the negative externalities brought with the use of tobacco products.

In his article, Roberto De Vogli, discusses how obesity is a kind of market failure. Aapart from the comon view that obesity is "an effect of specific individual and lifestyle choices," Roberto De Voglie argues that "the problem is largely a byproduct of deeper political and economic changes in society.". Apart from discussing the reasons for this failure, he propeses a solutions. He says an ulta-processed food tax" must be introduced on fast foods and the revenue coming from this tax must be used as a subsidy fruits, vegetables and healhty foods.

This article talks about the price control put on fruits in Egypt to ensure that consumers can consume fruits at low enough price.

This article is about the price control on vegetables in Egypt. Apparently vegetable prices increased ver much recently in Egypt, therefore government has decided to put a price ceiling to these goods, to keep consumer expenses down. THe article talks about another time such a control has taken place, but it says those times (1970s)fruit and vegetables often disappeared from the marketplace into the black market so the government had to moce the price control on1980. The rationale behing this control is explaine as following in the article "The ministry said it would also work to lower prices by increasing the amounts of produce available in state-run cooperatives and ministry of agriculture outlets and by sending lorries to deliver fruit and vegetables to poorer neighborhoods." PS: Sorry for the late upload...

This is explain the negative effects of wind turbines and how people who find them annoying may complain about their health also. Wind turbines can be a good example of negative externality because people who see them may be unhappy, people who pay for them may be unhappy and the only people who are better off are those who do not pay for their power and sell it on.

This articles explains the negative externalities of lower petrol prices, which may include up to 10, 000 more deaths due to car accidents. India's retail petrol prices have fallen by around 12% since June 2014, and as people are going to drive more, the number of people exposed to to traffic risks is higher.

This Article talks about the governments responsibility towards the markets, they should not just fix the markets and the problems with the markets such as negative externalities, but they should create new markets.

This article talks about the effect that Pollution is having on people in China. The article states that you often see people wearing mask and playing sport indoor because of the pollution. This is article is a good example of negative externalities as it highlights the effect that pollutive production has on third parties in China.

This article argues that consumption of fast foods and other unhealthy foods is harmful to the society in general, providing reasons why it is a negative externality.

The Saarc Summit is fast approaching and Nepal is engaged in last-minute preparations, though even the government seems unsure if the Summit will make any substantial achievement in regional integration. In fact, there is much greater excitement about Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to Nepal than the Summit itself.

There was a sharp fall in the number of children admitted to hospital with severe asthma after smoke-free legislation was introduced in England, say researchers. A study showed a 12% drop in the first year after the law to stop smoking in enclosed public places came into force. This article basically shows that the ban on smoking has reduced the negative externalities of consumption that are generated by smoking.

Negative externalities are when there are negative affects of something on another. Basically the thing being done comes with a cost. In this case eating hamburgers from bad chains.

The way this relates to this week topic is that the Indian government is trying to put a maximum price on medical devices that are supplied to the public hospitals.

Article about a price ceiling imposed on condoms in India and the effect of this on "luxury" condom producers.

The government is has expressed a desire for higher minimum wage. By creating a limit to how low the minimum wage is, the government is imposing a minimum price or a price floor. The increase in minimum wage translates into an increase in the minimum price or price floor.

New Zealand telecommunications network operator Chorus Ltd said on Tuesday its earnings will take a lesser hit after the sector regulator proposed easier price controls on broadband over its network, sending the company's shares to a one year high. As a result the New Zealand telecommunications have been able to charge NZ$38.39 for a monthly phone contract instead of NZ$34.44 a month and this will obviously have financial benefits for the company.

This article discusses the fact that most airlines won't reduce the fuel surcharge given to customers even as the global price of fuel drops.

This is an article from 2001, however the material is regarding petroleum prices which I find increasingly relevant, since this finite resource is used everyday and gas prices in the US have recently in this month started to decrease. This begging the question, why? Could it be that we might see a price control on the fluctuating prices of gas regardless of the fact that the supply is low and demand is high?

This article talks about price controls in India on Medicine. There are 12 key drugs in the fight against cancer and they are quite expensive, the government therefore is thinking of imposing price controls on these key drugs so that everybody can afford the drugs while fighting a disease.

12 drugs important for the treatment of cancer are coming under price control in an effort to make them affordable to a wider range of patients