27 Actions That Promote Self-Directed Learning Challenge something Make an observation Draw a conclusion Question something Revise a question based on observation & data Critique something Observe something Revise something Transfer a lesson or philosophical stance from one situation to another Improve a design Identify a cause and effect Compare and contrast two or more things Test the validity of a model Separate causes from symptoms Identify the primary and secondary causes of a problem Adapt something for something new Make a prediction and observe what occurs Narrate a sequence Study and visually demonstrate nuance Identify and explain a pattern Study the relationship between text and subtext Elegantly emphasize nuance Critically evaluate a socially-accepted idea Extract a lesson from nature Take & defend a position Record notes during and after observation of something Form a theory & revise it based on observation and/or data