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Athena

Athena Real Estate Blog - 2 views

blog.athenare.com

get real estate license in louisiana how to

shared by Athena on 09 Aug 17 - No Cached
  • Athena on 09 Aug 17
     
    As a new real estate agent in Louisiana, you have to affiliate with a licensed broker. Although you will report to your broker-and your broker will be responsible for monitoring what you do-the broker is not your "boss." Except in very rare circumstances, Louisiana real estate agents are independent contractors-not employees-of brokers. This means that you have more flexibility in how you run your business and what hours you work. But it also means that you don't get a regular paycheck: real estate agents "eat what they kill" and earn money only when they do deals
  • Athena on 27 Nov 17
     
    Louisiana real estate agents considering a move to another real estate brokerage may find themselves intimidated by the process. With potentially numerous listing agreements in place, deals under contract, ongoing relationships with buyers, and contractual obligations to a current broker, there is certainly a lot to consider. But the logistics of a transfer-and the rules that govern-aren't really as complicated as they may seem. This article will walk Louisiana real estate agents through the process of transferring to a new real estate broker.At Athena, we understand how intimidating a move to a new broker can seem. So we do everything we can to make the transition as smooth and seamless as possible. Run by a pair of corporate attorneys, Athena provides helpful guidance on the paperwork and steps necessary to complete a transfer.
settleviaus

482 Visa Australia, 190 Visa Australia, 476 Visa Australia - Settleviaus - 0 views

settleviaus.com/...australia-family-visa

482 Visa Australia 190 Visa Australia 476 Visa Australia

shared by settleviaus on 15 Oct 19 - No Cached
  • settleviaus on 15 Oct 19
     
    Looking to move to Australia for work and you need 482 Visa Australia, 190 Visa Australia and 476 Visa Australia? So do not need worry about that because are here to help you; Learn about the requirements & how to apply here.
Building Inspectors Adelaide

Building Inspections For Cautious Home Buyers - 1 views

I have a friend who bought a house without getting it properly checked. It was a really good looking house in a friendly neighbourhood. My friend checked the house himself, and nothing struck him a...

started by Building Inspectors Adelaide on 11 Oct 12 no follow-up yet
hairyirockm33

This is not Valentino HK an easy task - 0 views

You And Your Caddie In golf, once you leave the clubhouse, you are alone. Well, that is not entirely true. You have your caddie to help you. Here are some of the things caddie can do to help your...

Valentino HK

started by hairyirockm33 on 20 May 16 no follow-up yet
No credit quick loans

Quick Cash Loans No Credit - Ideal Source Of Availing Suitable Cash Backing In Your Needs! - 0 views

Are you on the move on availing little extra cash backing right away? Borrower is worries to meet any obligation and complete any paperwork method? You don't like to waste your time in standing in ...

No Credit Quick Loans Cash Needs Today quick cash loans cash loans no credit check loans no credit check quick loan quick payday loans quick loans online same day cash loans same day payday loans short term cash loa

started by No credit quick loans on 17 Aug 16 no follow-up yet
No credit quick loans

Quick Cash Loans No Credit - Ideal Source Of Availing Suitable Cash Backing In Your Needs! - 0 views

Are you on the move on availing little extra cash backing right away? Borrower is worries to meet any obligation and complete any paperwork method? You don't like to waste your time in standing in ...

No Credit Quick Loans Cash Needs Today quick cash loans cash loans no credit check loans no credit check quick loan quick payday loans quick loans online same day cash loans same day payday loans short term cash loa

started by No credit quick loans on 17 Aug 16 no follow-up yet
Zero Shulk

Knowing the essentials of getting into the Indian stock market - 1 views

www.articles.kraftloft.com/...ls-getting-indian-stock-market

Low cost brokerage

shared by Zero Shulk on 03 Dec 16 - No Cached
  • Zero Shulk on 03 Dec 16
     
    Since the market is considered to be volatile, with prices moving up and down within seconds, the investor needs to be cautious and careful.
Yann Leroux

How Boxxy brought the web to its knees | Technology | guardian.co.uk - 0 views

www.guardian.co.uk/...internet

boxxy anonymous

shared by Yann Leroux on 27 Jan 09 - Cached
  • A year ago a young, unnamed and heavily-eyelinered young woman who hung around on Gaia Online made a video. She went by the handle of Boxxy.
  • That's it. Or at least it was for nearly 12 months.At Christmas, the video - by then languishing in YouTube's vaults - got posted to i-am-bored, and from there hit 4Chan, and in particular the site's /b/ messageboard... the heartland for many memes (and definitely NSFW). Why? Nobody's sure. Was Boxxy herself behind it? Or was she simply a vehicle for fans who liked her camgirl approach, apparent ADD and weirdly excitable behaviour?Over the subsequent days and weeks, Boxxy became a topic of contention on 4Chan - with the site splitting into two groups; those who professed to love Boxxy and all she stood for and those who hated Boxxy and her fans. Every thread threaten to spill over into Boxxy spam or a flamewar, and hundreds of 4channers went hacking Boxxy's YouTube account and other websites in search of her true identity. So far they don't seem to have succeeded.
  • Things really came to a head, though, when Boxxy haters - sick of seeing so much about her on 4Chan - decided to launch a denial of service attack on the website itself, bringing it down for some hours as a protest.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • OK, yes, the whole story is extremely convoluted. But it's the sort of thing that I saw in evidence at ROFLCon earlier this year: somebody who is entirely unknown can get picked up for basically doing nothing, but doing it in public. So when our future digital archaeologists start looking back at our actions, they'll come across Boxxy and look confused. How on earth do you relate that story in a way that makes sense in 100 years, given that it makes basically no sense right now? That's partly what I love about the internet - and partly what makes my brain hurt.
  • candleja 20 Jan 09, 6:48am posting about a site that shouldn't be talked about, much less visited, is unwise enough. gaining recognition as the person who's talking about it just doesn't make sense to me. plus the article itself is about some teen nobody, hardly worth putting yourself under that kind of scrutinyeven FOX news had more sense, and we all know how irresponsible their journalism is.this entry should probably be amended in some way, to protect the site, the poster, and the general population from exposure to one of the "darker corners of the internet." there's a reason people don't encourage others to walk down dark alleys in a bad part of town
  • the majority of people posting about boxxy were neither, they were people who didnt care less either way but decided to troll the boxxy haters by posting boxxy pictures of bawksey everywhere. they did it for the lulz
  • Please note that off-topic comments will be removed from this thread. Any users posting such comments may have their posting rights withdrawn and subsequently have to move with their auntie and uncle in Bel-Air.
  • @dvdhldnPerhaps I've got too much time on my hands, but I wrote about this because I find memes fascinating, and the idea of being internet famous is really intriguing. Add that to the violent, misogynistic tendencies of /b/ and the ability of the crowd to bully someone for basically nothing... this is - if we let it happen - the future of the internet.
  • Just looked up Anonymous on Wikipedia. Their 'demotivational logo' has the catchphrase 'Because none of us are as cruel as all of us'.What an incredible and disturbing concept - frightening because it is both barbaric and intelligent. Fodder for a Neal Stephenson novel, but in the real world. Anybody with an ounce of humanity would think these fascinating aspects of networked society very worthy of discussion.
  • I just lost the game. Boxxy isn't a meme, AT ALL. EFG is a meme. Boxxy = NOT.The old Anons will let this pass, new ones will get bored and eventually boxxy will be forgotten
  • Kevin Champion on 27 Jan 09
     
    Short story about Boxxy, the latest meme to get picked up by 4chan.
Mike Wesch

The Boxxy Story - 0 views

boxxystory.blogspot.com

boxxy story

shared by Mike Wesch on 28 Jan 09 - Cached
  • Accusations began to fire. Just who would want to try and throw people off the trail and confuse them, and who would have a new, large photo of her? Boxxy herself, or a close accomplice was the consensus. They must have caught wind of her full name being found, and merely be attempting to mitigate the damage by stirring the pot with false leads. 
  • It sounded semi-plausible, but, unbeknownst to the vast majority of /b/ at that moment, the CBRC had long since uncovered a photobucket account which was later seen to contain the same photos, so the implication is obvious, members of the CBRC were trolling /b/ with the photos in a attempt to throw them off, as they themselves were close to breaking into her accounts and did not want Anonymous to do it first.
  • We have no way of verifying if they were telling the truth, or if any of the claimed locations were in any way accurate but the mere possibility of this is shocking indeed. Thankfully, these were almost certainly fake - one of the addresses was a mall, one of the phone numbers was for a chiropractor.
  • ...30 more annotations...
  • Within a couple of hours, CBRC had breached her Youtube account, via successfully guessing the secret answer for her email account, deduced from the stack of information they uncovered.
  • Or phishing her with a fake email, depending on who you listen to.
  • They then made her videos private, uploading a video warning her to never post another video again. This attracted 1000 comments within an hour and became the most commented video of the day on Youtube. So that brought it to an end, in theory. They had removed the ‘cancer’.
  • So after all that, was the ‘chemo’ even effective? No, not really. A look at /b/ will reveal Boxxy threads are still being posted. By essentially martyring the Boxxy meme, CBRC have simply created a new groundswell of people willing to troll with her image, as well as genuine resentment at their actions. 
  • Now she has her name, age, dozens of photos, school, internet accounts, alleged phone numbers, and alleged location available online, along with the details of several uninvolved friends. Nobody could have predicted she would create so much chaos, not least Boxxy herself. She had no idea what she was getting herself into by posting a response video.
  • This entire debacle ultimately stems from those who spammed /b/ with her image and pissed off so many people.
  • The lesson for all of us here, obvious as it is, is to think about what you divulge online. Is your Myspace secure? Is your Facebook account private? What forum accounts contain your details, and can they be traced and linked to each other? Everything you write online can potentially be linked, as if it were a jigsaw, and a profile of your life built up. I know plenty of people who have publicly viewable Facebook accounts containing their D.O.B, phone numbers, emails, addresses, places they work, go to college and so on. This is lunacy. This is asking for trouble. Boxxy didn’t do this, yet was still tracked down. 
  • “First, we, CBCR, pretty much made all the breakthroughs in the investigation. I don't care if it sounds arrogant, but if you look through our now-leaked dox, you can see that everything that was found on 4chan was found by us beforehand.”
  • Give people anonymity, and they become de-individuated, whether it be on an image board or in a rioting mob.
  • he same internet machine that could propel you to the top of the Youtube charts and hand you online fame will happily chew you up and spit you back out just as quickly, with zero remorse or consideration for the consequences. This is the reality of the internet today, this case is not the first, and surely not the last.
  • A few examples of fakes:www.youtube.com/user/boxxiebabee  www.youtube.com/user/therealboxxybabee www.youtube.com/user/boxxxxybabeee www.youtube.com/user/boxxyfriendsonly www.youtube.com/user/B0xxxybabee www.youtube.com/user/boxxybaabee www.youtube.com/user/boxxybabee2 www.youtube.com/user/thenewboxxybabee
  • And of course:www.youtube.com/user/Boxxyakamoldybread 
  • P.P.S Some distasteful and blatantly fake photoshopped news items are being posted on /b/ claiming Boxxy is dead. The fakes are very poorly written and contain numerous flaws. Again, don’t be fooled.
  • It's Friday January 16th. On Youtube, the user 'boxxybabee', has 21,800 subscribers, 1.4 million video views and over 38,000 comments on her videos and channel, yet she only signed up 8 days ago, and has only 3 videos. Many people were, and are confused. How did this happen? By documenting what I personally saw, I will show you.
  • The story essentially begins back in April 2006 when 'Boxxy' joined the anime forum/game based site Gaia Online under the username 'M o l d yLunchboxx'. It appears Boxxy returned from a Gaia hiatus at the very end of 2007, and embarked on a posting spree which lasted a week. It was during this first week of January 2008 that she made two Youtube videos for two fellow Gaia users, '4DM1RALAWESOME' and another referred to simply as 'Ant'.
  • Boxxy's last login to Youtube was February 2008, and for Gaia Online, April 2008.
  • The story now takes a leap forward to December 27th, 2008, when, according to Encyclopedia Dramatica, the video 'FOAR 4DD1 FRUM BOXXY' was posted on i-am-bored.com. This was spotted by someone at 7chan, who embedded the video at the top of the random '/b/' board. 
  • This writer first saw FOAR 4DD1 on January 3rd, 2009, when the video was posted as a 'you rage you lose thread' on the /b/ board at 4chan, with the 'Expert' level afforded to those who would withstand the entire video without wanting to tear out their hair or hurt small animals. /b/tards saw what has been labelled 'the most insane display we've ever seen on youtube' and 'the cutest girl you've ever seen'. This was the true start of the Boxxy phenomenon.
  • Over the next couple of days, interest grew, and Boxxy threads began to populate /b/. Why have her videos lain virtually unviewed and untouched for 51 weeks only to be brought up now. Who was this girl? What was the cause of her unique behaviour - her vivacious mannerisms, head bobbing, jaw grinding, random accents and rambling? Was she really 21 as her profile stated? Speculation began. Some pulled out their wikiPHD and speculated, tourettes? ADHD? Drug abuse - cocaine, ecstacy, meth? No, just too much coffee, according to others, or simple acting up to the camera. Comparisons to Zed from Police Academy and Heath Ledger's Joker were immediate.
  • Regardless, a split already began to emerge at /b/. Half of /b/ appeared smitten, captivated by this pretty, wacky girl drenched in eyeliner, but the rest were having their patience tested. Whilst a group of /b/tards declared 'Operation Valkyrie' on Boxxy - intending to find, raid and destroy as much as possible - youtube, myspace, facebook, photobuckets, etc in search of an identity and the 'upper boob' sign mentioned in 41DD, others simply sat and dismayed at the whole effort. Why try and raid the accounts of someone who hasn't logged into any known accounts for almost a year? Many /b/tards resented the obsession with someone who was not only inactive, but a Gaiafag, emo and a camwhore to boot. As one naysayer put it, it was: 'proof that /b/ is full of 13 y.o boys'.
  • The known accounts, Youtube and Gaia, were quickly spammed with the Operation Valkyrie tag. Via analysis of so called 'Gaiafaggotry' forum posts, /b/tards extracted two pictures of Boxxy from her Gaia friends photobucket accounts, and threw out possible names.
  • On January 6th, someone claiming to be Boxxy posted two previously unseen photos on /b/. A troll, surely? The same day, her Youtube account disappeared and her Gaia account became inaccessible to the public. Was this the real Boxxy intervening, or simply trolls posting photos from photobucket under her guise, and hacking into her accounts and shutting them down? It was also on the 6th that a clearly fake Youtube account was created - 'Boxxyakamoldybread'. Even though the videos are clearly of lower resolution than the originals, some were fooled by this, and some probably still are.
  • The 'boxxy lovers' of 4chan were by now declaring her the 'Queen of /b/' and a instant new meme. The haters labelled this as a perfect example of a forced meme. To them, she was the epitome of the 'cancer killing /b/'. Battle lines were being drawn.
  • On the 9th, Boxxy delivered. She addressed 'recent events', said she was in fact free of drugs and personality disorders, and proved it actually was her posting her photos on /b/. Whilst /b/tards were scrambling to find her identity and spamming her accounts, she was there, watching.
  • his interest generated over 70,000 views within 12 hours, pushing the video onto the first page for most viewed of the day on Youtube.
  • Identical chaos was occurring at 7chan, with the /b/ first page 100% filled with Boxxy at some points. On the 10th, with Boxxy now approaching 400,000 views and 10,000 subscribers, Operation Clampdown was declared. If Moot did not ban the users spamming boxxy threads on the 4chan /b/, the site would be brought down via a DDOS. 
  • On the 12th, Youtube 'celeb' Sxephil included Boxxy in the intro for his new video, and used her face as the thumbnail. Personally, I found it extremely cynical of Phil, a Youtube partner who makes money from views, to advertise his extremely boring video about Joe the Plumber with Boxxy's face. What a dick. Worse still, the exposure to his 310,000 subscribers sent several thousand more people to the Boxxy videos.
  • There are many patently absurd theories about Boxxy. If you listen to the drooling idiocy leaking through the interweb, you'll be told she is in fact an actress hired by Gaia Online to promote their product (that's why she says she moved on to bigger and better things, huh, morons?), the whole thing is a giant trolling exercise meticulously planned by her and accomplices, the entire thing was perpertrated by 7chan users attempting to cripple 4chan, she's a paid actress akin to lonelygirl15, or most bizarrely of all, a claim has been put forward that she is a fraud mocking the mannerisms of a 15 year old girl who lives in Chicago, orchestrated by said girl's obsessed crush who is angry at his unrequited love. Some people actually believe this.Well, there you have it. That's pretty much what happened.
Mike Wesch

'Online Social Networking on Campus' :: Inside Higher Ed :: Higher Education's Source for News, Views and Jobs - 0 views

www.insidehighered.com/...network

facebook campus academia ELI2009

shared by Mike Wesch on 08 Jan 09 - Cached
  • Facebook, for example, is understood by students as “real” with a complex web of rules that guide playful misrepresentation, for example.
  • In our study, it was evident that student use of Facebook was governed by the degree to which students felt that they controlled self-presentation or digital agency
  • A code of Facebook ethics for faculty currently exists on the site and I would recommend that faculty review it.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • I don’t see a problem with accepting a students’ friend request. And you can do so as a professor, and still make your profile as personal as you want it for your friends. How? Facebook has amazing privacy settings. You can make a friend list (all students, for instance) and then restrict how much of your profile they can see, and how much of your activity they can see. Students can see my basic work, school and contact info, but cannot see my status updates, photos tagged of me, or what my friends write on my wall.
  • There are ways to interact with students via Facebook without being friends. Facebook provides the Groups feature, but I recommend building your own application or choosing an application provider like ourselves. Applications allow users to interact with one another outside of being Facebook Friends. In our app, Instructors can send gifts, post on walls, share links, see status updates, and play a name game — all without being friends.
  • As someone who has built an LMS on Facebook, I can tell you the more you move towards “instructional tool” the more resistance and less use you will end up with.
Kevin Champion

Maintained Relationships on Facebook | overstated - 0 views

overstated.net/...ined-relationships-on-facebook

digeth facebook social networks socialmedia

shared by Kevin Champion on 11 Mar 09 - Cached
  • What it shows is that, as a function of the people a Facebook user actively communicate with, you are passively engaging with between 2 and 2.5 times more people in their network. I’m sure many people have had this feeling, but these data make this effect more transparent.
  • The stark contrast between reciprocal and passive networks shows the effect of technologies such as News Feed. If these people were required to talk on the phone to each other, we might see something like the reciprocal network, where everyone is connected to a small number of individuals. Moving to an environment where everyone is passively engaged with each other, some event, such as a new baby or engagement can propagate very quickly through this highly connected network.
  • All Friends: the largest representation of a person’s network is the set of all people they have verified as friends. Reciprocal Communication: as a measure of a sort of core network, we counted the number of people with whom a person had had reciprocal communications, or an active exchange of information between two parties. One-way Communication: the total set of people with whom a person has communicated. Maintained Relationships: to measure engagement, we took the set of people for whom a user had clicked on a News Feed story or visited their profile more than twice.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Peter Marsden found the number of people with whom individuals “can discuss important matters” numbers only 3 for Americans[3]. In a subsequent survey, researchers found that this number has dropped slightly over the past 10 years[4], causing some alarm in the press, but without sufficient explanation[5].
  • Killworth, et al. found using this technique and others that the number of people a person will know in their lifetime ranges somewhere between 300 and 3000[1]. On Facebook, the average number of friends that a person has is currently 120[2]. Given that Facebook has only been around for 5 years, that not everyone uses it, and that the not every acquaintance has found each other, this number seems reasonable for an average user.
  • We were asked a simple question: is Facebook increasing the size of people’s personal networks?
Adam Bohannon

Businesses told to exploit social media - 0 views

www.tradingmarkets.com/...1436103

advertising business internet marketing social media web

shared by Adam Bohannon on 25 Apr 08 - Cached
  • "The move toward social media is as big a change as Gutenberg and the printing press," said Karl Long, a product manager at Nokia. "Social media is the ability for anyone to publish anything without any cost."
  • Panelists said the social media sites are changing communications.
  • The panelists said businesses are beginning to recognize the benefits of having conversations with consumers.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • businesses can learn from young people who create their own sites.
  • Social media can be used to create word-of-mouth advocacy for products or services,
  • real estate agents, for instance, are using Web sites that include reviews from clients after their homes have been sold.
Adam Bohannon

Open Reasoning: Some data points on social media - 0 views

openreasoning.blogspot.com/...ta-points-on-social-media.html

data social media web

shared by Adam Bohannon on 19 Apr 08 - No Cached
  • It is based on an online research study conducted in September 2007 and illustrates the way in which use of social media varies within the IT professional community. Please don't take the absolute percentages literally as this was a self-selecting sample which would have been biased towards those with an interests in social media
  • You should also bear in mind that research over 6 months old (as this is) will not necessarily reflect the position today in such a fast moving area like social media. We'll repeat this study at some point and do some proper trending, but in the meantime, here are the raw charts - deliberately without commentary:
Mike Wesch

Is YouTube's GreenTeaGirlie for real? - TANGLED WEB - Los Angeles Times - calendarlive.com - 0 views

www.calendarlive.com/...greentea5may05,0,7274870.story

fraud gaming greenteagirlie youtube

shared by Mike Wesch on 29 May 08 - Cached
  • y this point, hype was gathering like a storm, and YouTube's conspiracy theorists had elevated Kallie from run-of-the-mill YouTube cheat to industry-backed marketing shill. No one had forgotten Lonelygirl15, YouTube's biggest phenomenon to date, and its biggest phony. "Lonelygirl15, is that your younger sister?" one commenter wrote of GreenTeaGirlie. "What the … are you trying to sell?" demanded another.
  • "Honestly, I could get anybody's video to the top of YouTube," he boasted.
  • "We were trying to piggyback off what … the real GreenTeaGirlie site was doing," he said. So he bought the rights to GreenTeaGirlie.com on the very same day Kallie posted her first video. "I wanted to fuel the hype," he explained, "so I linked [GreenTeaGirlie.com] to some random tea company's website." (That would be Dragonwater.) "And I noted the response to that and how negative it was." It was a revelation to Foremski. "What if there was a whole ad agency dedicated to setting up these relationship between companies and popular YouTubers?" he mused at the time. "And Vidstars kind of grew off of that." Foremski said the notoriety Vidstars has gotten from its GreenTeaGirlie high jinks has attracted several parties interested in Vidstars' next move. It's an interesting new business model: hoaxing for dollars.
Adam Bohannon

Harold Adams Innis: The Bias of Communications & Monopolies of Power - 0 views

www.media-studies.ca/...innis.htm

anthropology communication innis media theory wec2008 wecfuture

shared by Adam Bohannon on 08 Aug 08 - Cached
  • The Bias of Communication
  • he relative stability of cultures depends on the balance and proportion of their media.
  • a key to social change is found in the development of communication media.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • Time-biased media, such as stone and clay, are durable and heavy. Since they are difficult to move, they do not encourage territorial expansion; however, since they have a long life, they do encourage the extension of empire over time.
  • each medium embodies a bias in terms of the organization and control of information.
  • Space-biased media are light and portable; they can be transported over large distances. They are associated with secular and territorial societies; they facilitate the expansion of empire over space. Paper is such a medium; it is readily transported, but has a relatively short lifespan.
  • It was Innis’ conviction that stable societies were able to achieve a balance between time- and space-biased communications media.
  • He also believed that change came from the margins of society, since people on the margins invariably developed their own media. The new media allow those on the periphery to develop and consolidate power, and ultimately to challenge the authority of the centre.
  • Oral communication, speech, was considered by Innis to be time-biased because it requires the relative stability of community for face-to-face contact. Knowledge passed down orally depends on a lineage of transmission, often associated with ancestors, and ratified by human contact. In his writings, Innis is forthright in his own bias that the oral tradition is inherently more flexible and humanistic than the written tradition, which he found rigid and impersonal in contrast.
Mike Wesch

The Postmodern Condition by Jean-Francois Lyotard. 1979 - 0 views

www.marxists.org/...lyotard.htm

categorization information lyotard pomo web2.0

shared by Mike Wesch on 22 Jan 08 - Cached
  • The nature of knowledge cannot survive unchanged within this context of general transformation.
  • Along with the hegemony of computers comes a certain logic, and therefore a certain set of prescriptions determining which statements are accepted as “knowledge” statements.
  • thorough exteriorisation of knowledge with respect to the “knower,”
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • will one day fight for control of information
  • he form of value
  • Knowledge is and will be produced in order to be sold
  • Wittgenstein, taking up the study of language again from scratch, focuses his attention on the effects of different modes of discourse; he calls the various types of utterances he identifies along the way (a few of which I have listed) language games.
  • especially if it is to undergo an exteriorisation with respect to the “knower” and an alienation from its user even greater than has previously been the case
  • revealing that knowledge and power are simply two sides of the same question: who decides what knowledge is, and who knows what needs to be decided? In the computer age, the question of knowledge is now more than ever a question of government.
  • New legal issues will be raised, and with them the question: “who will know?”
  • the observable social bond is composed of language “moves.”
  • One can decide that the principal role of knowledge is as an indispensable element in the functioning of society, and act in accordance with that decision, only if one has already decided that society is a giant machine.
  • For brevity’s sake, suffice it to say that functions of regulation, and therefore of reproduction, are being and will be further withdrawn from administrators and entrusted to machines. Increasingly, the central question is becoming who will have access to the information these machines must have in storage to guarantee that the right decisions are made. Access to data is, and will continue to be, the prerogative of experts of all stripes. The ruling class is and will continue to be the class of decision makers. Even now it is no longer composed of the traditional political class, but of a composite layer of corporate leaders, high-level administrators, and the heads of the major professional, labor, political, and religious organisations.
  • This breaking up of the grand Narratives (discussed below, sections 9 and 10) leads to what some authors analyse in terms of the dissolution of the social bond and the disintegration of social aggregates into a mass of individual atoms thrown into the absurdity of Brownian motion.
  • It would be superficial to reduce its significance to the traditional alternative between manipulatory speech and the unilateral transmission of messages on the one hand, and free expression and dialogue on the other.
  • What is needed if we are to understand social relations in this manner, on whatever scale we choose, is not only a theory of communication, but a theory of games which accepts agonistics as a founding principle.
  • Rather, the limits are themselves the stakes and provisional results of language strategies, within the institution and without.
  • This, I think, is the appropriate approach to contemporary institutions of knowledge.
anonymous

01social_media.jpg (JPEG Image, 250x188 pixels) - 0 views

www.forward-moving.com/...01social_media.jpg

media social

shared by anonymous on 07 Feb 08 - Cached
  • anonymous on 07 Feb 08
     

Trapper Callender

Man-Computer Symbiosis - 2 views

groups.csail.mit.edu/...Licklider.html

Licklider Man-Computer Symbiosis computer history

shared by Trapper Callender on 11 Feb 10 - Cached
  • In short, it seems worthwhile to avoid argument with (other) enthusiasts for artificial intelligence by conceding dominance in the distant future of cerebration to machines alone.
  • There will nevertheless be a fairly long interim during which the main intellectual advances will be made by men and computers working together in intimate association. A multidisciplinary study group, examining future research and development problems of the Air Force, estimated that it would be 1980 before developments in artificial intelligence make it possible for machines alone to do much thinking or problem solving of military significance. That would leave, say, five years to develop man-computer symbiosis and 15 years to use it. The 15 may be 10 or 500, but those years should be intellectually the most creative and exciting in the history of mankind.
  • It is often said that programming for a computing machine forces one to think clearly, that it disciplines the thought process. If the user can think his problem through in advance, symbiotic association with a computing machine is not necessary.
  • ...25 more annotations...
  • They would be easier to solve, and they could be solved faster, through an intuitively guided trial-and-error procedure in which the computer cooperated, turning up flaws in the reasoning or revealing unexpected turns in the solution.
  • Poincare anticipated the frustration of an important group of would-be computer users when he said, "The question is not, 'What is the answer?' The question is, 'What is the question?'" One of the main aims of man-computer symbiosis is to bring the computing machine effectively into the formulative parts of technical problems.
  • It is to bring computing machines effectively into processes of thinking that must go on in "real time," time that moves too fast to permit using computers in conventional ways.
  • To think in interaction with a computer in the same way that you think with a colleague whose competence supplements your own will require much tighter coupling between man and machine than is suggested by the example and than is possible today.
  • Throughout the period I examined, in short, my "thinking" time was devoted mainly to activities that were essentially clerical or mechanical: searching, calculating, plotting, transforming, determining the logical or dynamic consequences of a set of assumptions or hypotheses, preparing the way for a decision or an insight. Moreover, my choices of what to attempt and what not to attempt were determined to an embarrassingly great extent by considerations of clerical feasibility, not intellectual capability.
  • the operations that fill most of the time allegedly devoted to technical thinking are operations that can be performed more effectively by machines than by men.
  • If those problems can be solved in such a way as to create a symbiotic relation between a man and a fast information-retrieval and data-processing machine, however, it seems evident that the cooperative interaction would greatly improve the thinking process.
  • Computing machines can do readily, well, and rapidly many things that are difficult or impossible for man, and men can do readily and well, though not rapidly, many things that are difficult or impossible for computers. That suggests that a symbiotic cooperation, if successful in integrating the positive characteristics of men and computers, would be of great value. The differences in speed and in language, of course, pose difficulties that must be overcome.
  • Men will fill in the gaps, either in the problem solution or in the computer program, when the computer has no mode or routine that is applicable in a particular circumstance.
  • Clearly, for the sake of efficiency and economy, the computer must divide its time among many users. Timesharing systems are currently under active development. There are even arrangements to keep users from "clobbering" anything but their own personal programs.
  • It seems reasonable to envision, for a time 10 or 15 years hence, a "thinking center" that will incorporate the functions of present-day libraries together with anticipated advances in information storage and retrieval and the symbiotic functions suggested earlier in this paper. The picture readily enlarges itself into a network of such centers, connected to one another by wide-band communication lines and to individual users by leased-wire services. In such a system, the speed of the computers would be balanced, and the cost of the gigantic memories and the sophisticated programs would be divided by the number of users.
  • The first thing to face is that we shall not store all the technical and scientific papers in computer memory. We may store the parts that can be summarized most succinctly-the quantitative parts and the reference citations-but not the whole. Books are among the most beautifully engineered, and human-engineered, components in existence, and they will continue to be functionally important within the context of man-computer symbiosis. (Hopefully, the computer will expedite the finding, delivering, and returning of books.)
  • The second point is that a very important section of memory will be permanent: part indelible memory and part published memory. The computer will be able to write once into indelible memory, and then read back indefinitely, but the computer will not be able to erase indelible memory. (It may also over-write, turning all the 0's into l's, as though marking over what was written earlier.) Published memory will be "read-only" memory. It will be introduced into the computer already structured. The computer will be able to refer to it repeatedly, but not to change it.
  • The basic dissimilarity between human languages and computer languages may be the most serious obstacle to true symbiosis.
  • In short: instructions directed to computers specify courses; instructions-directed to human beings specify goals.
  • We may in due course see a serious effort to develop computer programs that can be connected together like the words and phrases of speech to do whatever computation or control is required at the moment. The consideration that holds back such an effort, apparently, is that the effort would produce nothing that would be of great value in the context of existing computers. It would be unrewarding to develop the language before there are any computing machines capable of responding meaningfully to it.
  • By and large, in generally available computers, however, there is almost no provision for any more effective, immediate man-machine communication than can be achieved with an electric typewriter.
  • Displays seem to be in a somewhat better state than controls. Many computers plot graphs on oscilloscope screens, and a few take advantage of the remarkable capabilities, graphical and symbolic, of the charactron display tube. Nowhere, to my knowledge, however, is there anything approaching the flexibility and convenience of the pencil and doodle pad or the chalk and blackboard used by men in technical discussion.
  • 2) Computer-Posted Wall Display: In some technological systems, several men share responsibility for controlling vehicles whose behaviors interact. Some information must be presented simultaneously to all the men, preferably on a common grid, to coordinate their actions. Other information is of relevance only to one or two operators. There would be only a confusion of uninterpretable clutter if all the information were presented on one display to all of them. The information must be posted by a computer, since manual plotting is too slow to keep it up to date.
  • Laboratory experiments have indicated repeatedly that informal, parallel arrangements of operators, coordinating their activities through reference to a large situation display, have important advantages over the arrangement, more widely used, that locates the operators at individual consoles and attempts to correlate their actions through the agency of a computer. This is one of several operator-team problems in need of careful study.
  • 3) Automatic Speech Production and Recognition: How desirable and how feasible is speech communication between human operators and computing machines?
  • Yet there is continuing interest in the idea of talking with computing machines.
  • In large part, the interest stems from realization that one can hardly take a military commander or a corporation president away from his work to teach him to type. If computing machines are ever to be used directly by top-level decision makers, it may be worthwhile to provide communication via the most natural means, even at considerable cost.
  • It seems reasonable, therefore, for computer specialists to be the ones who interact directly with computers in business offices.
  • Certainly, if the equipment were already developed, reliable, and available, it would be used.
  • Trapper Callender on 11 Feb 10
     
    Man-computer symbiosis is an expected development in cooperative interaction between men and electronic computers. It will involve very close coupling between the human and the electronic members of the partnership. The main aims are 1) to let computers facilitate formulative thinking as they now facilitate the solution of formulated problems, and 2) to enable men and computers to cooperate in making decisions and controlling complex situations without inflexible dependence on predetermined programs. In the anticipated symbiotic partnership, men will set the goals, formulate the hypotheses, determine the criteria, and perform the evaluations. Computing machines will do the routinizable work that must be done to prepare the way for insights and decisions in technical and scientific thinking. Preliminary analyses indicate that the symbiotic partnership will perform intellectual operations much more effectively than man alone can perform them. Prerequisites for the achievement of the effective, cooperative association include developments in computer time sharing, in memory components, in memory organization, in programming languages, and in input and output equipment.
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