The Wrong Way to Win
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› Why Do Athletes Use Performance-enhancing Drugs?
› Masking Pain and Managing Weight and Stress
› Detecting Drugs
Why Do Athletes Use Performance-enhancing Drugs?
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The Wrong Way to Win - 0 views
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An athlete may want to: Build mass and strength of muscles and/or bones Increase delivery of oxygen to exercising tissues Mask pain Stimulate the body Hide use of other drugs
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Many drugs are banned outright in Olympic competitions. However, some drugs, such as cortisone and local anesthetics, are merely restricted because they have legitimate clinical uses. Athletes may also misuse drugs to reduce weight, relax, cope with stress or boost their own confidence. Whatever the reason, doping has many unsafe if not deadly side effects.
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Another method for improving oxygen concentration is blood doping -- infusing whole blood into an athlete. An athlete who infuses his own blood may cause infection or cardiovascular problems because of the increased blood volume (high blood pressure, blood clots, heart failure and stroke). An athlete who uses someone else's blood runs the risk of acquiring viral infections such as HIV/AIDS. These are huge risks for a result that can also be achieved by training at high altitudes.
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In addition to taking drugs that build mass and strength, some athletes take drugs and engage in practices that increase the amount of oxygen in tissues. Endurance athletes, like cyclists or cross-country skiers, may use Erythropoietin (EPO). EPO can increase an athlete's oxygen supply by as much as seven to 10 percent. As mentioned earlier, EPO is extremely dangerous, if not deadly in some cases. The increased red cell density caused by EPO can thicken the blood. The thickened blood -- which is more like honey than water -- cannot flow through the blood vessels well. To pump the thickened blood, the heart must work harder. This increases the chances of heart attack and stroke.
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Athletes looking to build mass may also abuse Human Growth Hormone (hGH). Excessive hGH levels increase muscle mass by stimulating protein synthesis, strengthen bones by stimulating bone growth and reduce body fat by stimulating the breakdown of fat cells. Use of hGH has become increasingly popular because it is difficult to detect. Side effects include overgrowth of hands, feet, and face (known as acromegaly), enlarged internal organs, especially heart, kidneys, tongue and liver and heart problems.
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Athletes use anabolic steroids to increase muscle strength. Anabolic steroids, which can be injected or taken as pills, allow the athlete to train harder and longer at any given period. The possible and well-known side effects of anabolic steroid use include jaundice and liver damage, mood swings, depression and aggression. Men may also suffer from baldness, infertility and breast development. Females may grow excessive hair on the face and body and suffer from infertility. The substances Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) may also produce the same side effects.
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Which Music Genre "Corrupts" Children the most? - Page 2 - Sythe.Org Forums - 0 views
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Way to stereotype people. One of my friends listens to rap, and he doesn't dress, nor sounds like a jock. I listen to metal; 1. I don't skate and 2. I don't have long hair. To the point of this thread: I believe some rap is bad influence, but most of the bad influence comes from media. I was at an appointment, and I see this one kid sitting next to me. He has a toy gun, and he was pointing at some people in front of us. The thing was that he had the toy in his left hand, stuck out his left arm, put the gun sideways onto his left arms wrist. That's how the people in the movies do it, as if they were in a gang. The kid was only 5 years old - what the mother said when she was talking to the clerk. Anyways, I wouldn't think the majority of the kids who listen to music, listen to screamo, emo, etc. because it's quite obvious; it's not music to them. So I wouldn't vote for screamo, emo. The ones who listen to that are mostly, if not always teenagers+.
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Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia - 0 views
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basic laws of physics dictate that energy is conserved and can only be changed from one form to another or into matter.
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If the supply of fuel is finite, not only will there be no energy supply when the fuel is exhausted
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coal, oil (petroleum), natural gas, uranium, and fuel wood—is limited and insufficient to sustain rapid rates of development.
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debate about the exact length of time available before the effects of a worldwide shortage become apparent
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geothermal energy, hydroelectric power, peat, ocean thermal energy, solar energy, tidal energy, wind power, and fuel wood.
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ocean currents and winds are results of the uneven distribution of solar radiation over the Earth's surface
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ocean thermal energy, solar heating of the upper layers of the ocean produces temperature gradients that can be harnessed to generate electricity
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Sun also powers the hydrologic cycle, in which ocean water is evaporated, transported over the continents, and precipitated as rain or snow to form rivers
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energy locked in such renewable fuel sources as wood and peat is derived from the Sun by the process of photosynthesis.
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over the entire surface of the Earth at a very low average rate, leakage is much higher in certain locations.
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Nonrenewable resources originate from two processes: (1) photosynthesis, which occurred many millions of years ago, followed by the fossilization of the plant and animal life that resulted, and (2) the formation of the Earth itself.
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A cleaner-burning fuel than oil, natural gas seemed to be in abundant supply at the turn of the 21st century and, with the greatly enlarged network of gas pipelines, was rapidly growing in use.
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nearly total dependence on fossil fuels and hydroelectricity ensures that efforts to solve energy problems by switching to alternative sources will have to overcome a great deal of inertia, both economic and psychological.
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sources as solar power, wind power, and synthetic fuels suffer from the serious drawback that few major installations now exist.
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solar energy reaches the top of the atmosphere in amounts 10,000 times greater than all human production of energy, it reaches the Earth's surface at rates of only about 80 to 250 W/m2, and considerably less on cloudy days.
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arge-scale system based on solar-collector panels will be physically huge, causing problems of maintenance and land use
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Breakdancing - 0 views
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The most basic breakdance moves are the 6-step and toprock. The rest of the dance is founded around these two elements. Dancers usually begin by toprocking, and then continue by going down to the floor and performing a 6-step or 4-step that may be heavily 'teched' (variated). The 6-step provides a base for other more complex moves to be formed, as well as power moves.
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After performing a 6-step to begin the dance, and then performing a power move, the breakdancer will usually end the dance with a 'freeze' which is when he contorts his body to a strange position and literally freezes, stopping all dance motion. The breakdancer will usually hold the freeze for a second or two. There are nearly infinite variations on freezes, and coming up with new freezes greatly enhances the breakdancers style.
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One popular move in 'break dancing' was known as the 'Floor Lock'. In this move dancers would support themselves on one hand while spinning their bodies around while kicking out their legs
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