Interoperability in the healthcare system is the gateway to a successful healthcare information exchange. It has excellent benefits like it improves clinical decision-making and reduces time wasting. However, even though there are many attempts to implement the policy, interoperability still has barriers that stop it from success. There are still some third parties that use this for financial gains. Also, the people struggle with the technical and practical challenges of the protocol. Plus, privacy and trust are not truly gained in terms of the privacy and security of those data exchanges.

Data visibility is an important aspect to achieve the highest potential of the healthcare system for all. Right now most countries are still stuck with a decentralised set of data or no digitalisation at all. This leads to harder distribution and stocking of resources, using supply-chains and making decisions, this also includes every form of system with a high population and research. There are 4 factors in achieving data visibility. Stakeholder commitment, road map to digitalisation, data capability and interoperability.

The Canadian office of primary commissioner stated the changes in the privacy policies, especially after 9-11 when the privacy laws were looked past to concentrate on the gathering of information to reduce terrorism in the US and Canada with no real results. However, this problem has been tackled in Canada and stated that they "believe that Canadians deserve federal privacy laws based on rights. The incorporation of a rights-based framework in our privacy laws would help support responsible innovation and foster trust in government, giving people confidence to fully participate in the digital age."