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Katie Miyoshi

allAfrica.com: Zambia: Govt Unveils Maize Floor Price - 5 views

    • Katie Miyoshi
       
      A minimum price has been set for maize at 1,300,000 Zambia kwacha ($244.40 US dollars) for 1,000 kg.  A micro: minimum diagram can be made.
    • Katie Miyoshi
       
      Maize is a good, which has many complimentary goods, because it is a staple food in many recipes.  This can be shown in a cross price elasticity diagram.
    • Kat Whatley
       
      It is also a substitute good. Though carbs of some kind are a necessity, people could by wheat or rice or millet instead. You could consider looking at prices of substitute goods.
    • Katie Miyoshi
       
      There is high demand for maize, so this good is inelastic and therefore it is smart to place a floor price on this good, since price will increase with little change to the demand.
    • Kat Whatley
       
      This is also a subsidy. You could draw a subsidy micoeconomics graph for this.
  • ...4 more annotations...
    • Katie Miyoshi
       
      By setting a price floor, maize prices will increase so that the good is more valued and this will lead to less wasting and more available supply in the long-run.
    • Katie Miyoshi
       
      Government is investing in infrastructure to reduce the maize thefts and this is an example of supply-side policy.  A diagram can be made here.
    • Kat Whatley
       
      This will also lower prices and may stop the rise of maize costs as less wastage will occur.
    • Katie Miyoshi
       
      Perhaps, increasing the maize prices will make up for the loss in revenue from the stolen maize.
    • Katie Miyoshi
       
      This is my ECON IA for MICRO
Adam Seldis

Kenya inflation slows to 12.2 pct in May | Reuters - 5 views

    • Adam Seldis
       
      This nicely allows some evaluation, as we can speculate on to what evaluate the government should change interest rates
    • Adam Seldis
       
      I could use this to introduce the relationship between interest rates and exchange rates. However that's more international economics so I might just ignore it. 
    • Adam Seldis
       
      This is a nice article that allows me to explain what inflation is and how Kenya has cost-push disinflation. I can easily show this in a diagram. What's more it also talks about monetary policy, so I can explain how the government has helped create this - the impact of interest rates on costs. There are also some really good evaluation opportunities, particularly as the article suggests the Kenyan government itself doesn't know what to do with interest rates. I can ignore exchange rates but instead focus on the possible impact on employment and general GDP growth, whilst not ignoring the ominous signs mentioned about future world commodity prices.
Kat Whatley

Wesfarmers upbeat on retailing - 1 views

  • cheaper, unbranded groceries were good for customers.
    • Kat Whatley
       
      These are inferior goods
  • ''Offering a choice of quality private label products alongside their favourite brands is one way Coles can help,'' he said.
    • Kat Whatley
       
      Given the option, consumers are willing to opt for the cheaper, unbranded version amid high economic costs.
  • Coles is ''supporting the creation of 10,000 new jobs by suppliers through volume growth'' - with $1.6 billion in extra fresh food sales per year and a doubling in the value of produce sourced directly from Australian growers.
    • Kat Whatley
       
      Shows economies of scale: Coles can sell cheaper because as a chain they can source from farmers directly. This lowers their costs of production and thus lowers consumer prices.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • The strategy focused on improving the quality of Target's products and in-store services.
    • Kat Whatley
       
      Target is one of a few very large clothing stores in Australia. Like an oligopolistic market, Westerfarmers must use non price determinant factors to get more consumers.
  • The division has boosted food and liquor sales from $21 billion to an estimated $26.5 billion this year.
    • Kat Whatley
       
      Large gains in profit due to cheaper costs and more sales.
  • Several economists said the weak data strengthened the case for further interest rate cuts, following the ANZ forecast of another 0.75 percentage points in cuts by the end of the year.
    • Kat Whatley
       
      This is amid low growth rates for Australia. Suggests monetary policy as a solution.
Erica Nozawa

BBC News - India inflation rate rises faster than expected - 0 views

  • India inflation rate rises
  • Higher food prices
  • mainly behind the rise
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • decide interest rate policy.
  • central bank policymakers with a "tricky call".
  • government cut fuel subsidies, which will force up prices.
  • The fundamentals don't justify a rate cut at this point of time because the inflationary expectations are still quite high.
  • The quantitative easing in the US is also likely to push up global commodity prices and add to inflation
  • needs a boost from lower interest rates
  • industrial output rose by just 0.1%
  •  
    My Macro Economics IA article.
Christina Seward

Minimum alcohol price in Scotland to be set at 50p a unit | Society | The Guardian - 4 views

    • Christina Seward
       
      first IA
  • After resisting it for four years, Scottish Labour is also preparing to support the policy if Alex Salmond's government presses on with plans for a £130m "health levy" on supermarkets to claw back the £125m increase in their revenues from a 50p minimum price.
  • said in January that inflation and a drop in alcohol misuse meant only a 50p cost would have a significant impact now.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • 60 lives in the first year, and 318 a year within a decade. It would most directly affect alcoholics,
  • extra £120 a year.
Christian Bager

REVE - Regulación Eólica con Vehículos Eléctricos - - 1 views

  • Expo 2012 at Yeosu, South Korea.
    • Christian Bager
       
      Target date of reveal for their further plans
  • Offshore wind holds vast potential as a sustainable energy source for rapidly growing countries, such as South Korea with its substantial coastal areas.
    • Christian Bager
       
      Showing where there is an increase in demand of the product.
  • A solid foundation for Danish-Korean collaboration on wind energy has already been laid through Vestas’ long history and presence in South Korea and the strong government commitment to ensuring green growth in both Denmark and Korea.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Both countries have clearly acknowledged that wind energy is a reliable and sustainable energy solution for the futur
    • Christian Bager
       
      Showing how both side believe that the demand for wind turbines may increase over the next years, and how it currently stands.
  • In Denmark, the government has set a goal of achieving 50 per cent of our electricity consumption from wind energy by 2020, and Korea is leading the way by systematically implementing policies required to spur Green Growth.
  • We have installed more than 200 onshore wind power turbines in the country since 1998, and almost 70 per cent of installed wind power plants are currently using Vestas wind turbines.
    • Christian Bager
       
      Showing the current supply of wind turbines in Korea and how that compares to the Vestas Market share
  • With our many years of experience in turning the wind into energy on land and on sea, Vestas will strive to partner with South Korea to reach their goal of building sustainable cities and ensuring future generations have a reliable source of energy
  • So far, we have installed 581 offshore turbines, equalling 38 per cent of all such turbines in the world. In 2010 alone, we installed a total of 555 MW at the Robin Rigg, Thanet and Bligh Bank offshore wind farms, increasing our installed capacity to more than 1,400 MW.
  •  
    The one I will use from my IA
  •  
    First IA
Cynthia Huang

Food prices rise, but CPI below 2% - Taipei Times - 0 views

  • Vegetable prices increased by 25.35% from a year ago because rainy weather cut supplies, and partly because of a low comparison base from last year
    • Cynthia Huang
       
      The prices increased due to bad weather. The supply must have decreased as prices increased. 
  • Lowering telecoms and Internet subscription costs
  • annual increases in the consumer price index (CPI) remained below 2 percent last month
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • Telecoms and Internet connection prices tumbled 10.15 percent
  • dragging down the annual increase
  • central bank will probably not raise Taiwan’s policy rates
  • rainy weather cut supplies and drove up costs
  • Expenses for eating out expanded by 2.38 percent last month
  • government’s recent cut to its full-year CPI growth forecast would further strengthen the central bank’s resolve in holding rates at their current levels
  • 25.35 percent
  • Without the lower prices of telecoms and Internet expenses, the annual growth in CPI would have climbed over 2 percent last month
Tomomi Nakamura

Spain in eurozone crisis cross-hairs - CNN.com - 0 views

  • crisis
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      This suggests that the article will be about the economic (macro) problems which the eurozone has been going through. 
  • financial crisis
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      It is an issue about money, which relates to the GDP of the country.
  • borrowing costs
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      It may suggest problems with national debt or interest rates.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • unemployment rates at devastating levels.
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      Low unemployment rate is one of the macroeconomic objectives.  However, the unemployment rate is very high, and that is not good for the economy.
  • bad investments
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      Investment is a factor that influences GDP in the equation AD=C+I+G+(X-M), and if there is bad investment, the I component will decrease, which will also decrease the GDP value.
  • When the economy collapsed in 2008, people lost their jobs -- and with them their homes.
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      When people lose jobs, it will increase the unemployment of that country.  Houses are the most valuable objects that a person owns, and if they lose their homes it will have a huge impact on their lives.
  • strengthening the banking sector.
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      They may be doing something to improve the economy's flow of money, debts, etc.
  • Spain also has an unemployment crisis, with more than half those under 24 out of work, and almost one in four people overall. Spain's jobless rate has helped pushed the eurozone's total unemployment rate to 11% -- its highest since the eurozone was created in 1999
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      High unemployment has bad influence to the economy of Spain, which could also have an effect on other countries of the eurozone.
  • The situation in Spain is developing like a "perfect storm," with money being pulled out of the country, despite the desperate need to stem capital flight and support its banking system.
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      Issues with the flow of money.  Leakage will lead to a decrease in economic growth.
  • This leaves Spain in a precarious financial state, driving investors away, pushing up its borrowing costs and making it more likely to need a bailout.
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      There will be less investment which will decrease GDP, and if the country needs to borrow more money, their debt will continue to increase.
  • money being pulled out of the country
  • The retirement age has been raised from 65 to 67, while public sector wages and welfare payments have been cut.
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      Raising the retirement age may decrease the number of people who are unemployed, but lowering the wages may be a disincentive to the workers.
  • Academics and financiers are also wading into the policy debate, with billionaire George Soros saying in a speech this month that the "wrong remedy" has been applied to the crisis. "You cannot reduce the debt burden by shrinking the economy, only by growing your way out of it," he said.
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      Shrinking the economy is not good, and that may cause more problems which will not help improve economic growth.
Arla Takala

Spain unemployment hits record high - Europe - Al Jazeera English - 0 views

  • unemployment
    • Arla Takala
       
      One of the 4 primary macroeconomic objective
  • jobless rate of 24.4 per cent in first quarter,
    • Arla Takala
       
      Governments set target for unemployment is about 5% each year
  • "BBB "
    • Arla Takala
       
      Bond credit rating--> BBB - has adequate capacity to meet its financial commitments
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • The figures are terrible for everyone and terrible for the government
    • Arla Takala
       
      Terrible for everyone: --> no job = no income --> less spending Terrible for government: --> decrease on government revenue --> government has to spend more money on unemployment benefits --> government is receiving less money and spending more money --> budget deficit
  • economy to shrink
    • Arla Takala
       
      Negative economic growth can cause recession
  • fiscal
    • Arla Takala
       
      Government policy that focuses on taxes and government spending to improve the economy
  • S&P predicts the Spanish economy will shrink by 1.5 per cent this year, having previously forecasted growth of 0.3 per cen
    • Arla Takala
       
      Decrease in GDP due to decrease in consumer spending
  • It added that Spain's commercial banks are increasingly leaning to official sources for funds as they struggle to deal with piles of bad loans, especially in real estate.
    • Arla Takala
       
      Decrease in government spending
Arla Takala

BBC News - Scottish minimum alcohol pricing passed by parliament - 1 views

  • Scottish minimum alcohol pricing passed by parliament
    • Arla Takala
       
      Microeconomics - Minimum price on alcohol in Scotland
  • minimum drink pricing
    • Arla Takala
       
      Minimum price = legally imposed price floor below which that normal market price cannot fall
  • Under the plans, the ­cheapest bottle of wine would be £4.69 and a four-pack of lager would cost at least £3.52.
    • Arla Takala
       
      Consumers pay a higher price for same product
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Scottish Health Secretary Nicola Sturgeon said that, as drink had become cheaper, alcohol-related hospital admissions had quadrupled and half of prisoners said they were drunk when they committed offences.
    • Arla Takala
       
      The government imposed a minimum price to reduce the amount of crime and injuries caused by alcohol
  • alcohol
    • Arla Takala
       
      Alcohol is a demerit good (over consumed or over produced) and has negative effects on society
  • Labour said minimum pricing could generate profits of more than £125m for alcohol retailers
    • Arla Takala
       
      Increase in profit for alcohol retailers due to an increase in price of alcohol
  • A study into a 50p minimum alcohol price by Sheffield University said the policy would see a 5.5% cut in drinking - with harmful drinkers' consumption falling by more than 10%, compared with a 2.5% fall for moderate drinkers.
    • Arla Takala
       
      The increase in price of alcohol would cause a reduction in demand
    • Arla Takala
       
      Minimum price causes a surplus in the market because supply exceeds demand
    • Arla Takala
       
      This causes a reduction in market size 
    • Arla Takala
       
      This may cause informal markets since some firms may sell their surplus at prices below the equilibrium however this is illegal
Aili Saito

BBC News - UK economy in double-dip recession - 1 views

  • double-dip recession
    • Aili Saito
       
      can be represented by a AD/AS graph (shift left in AD) -> leads to recession
    • Aili Saito
       
      UK was once in recession and they returned back into recession soon after
  • construction output
    • Aili Saito
       
      the demand of construction decreased and the AD decreases (shifts to the left)
  • economic output was slightly smaller now
    • Aili Saito
       
      again, there was a decrease in AD
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • everything we can" to generate growth
    • Aili Saito
       
      this could be monetary/fiscal policies
  • production industries decreased by 0.4%, construction decreased by 3%
    • Aili Saito
       
      both examples of why AD has decreased that lead to recession
  • government spending
    • Aili Saito
       
      a fall in government spending = leads to a fall in AD (AD=C+I+G+(X-M))
  • 25% in public sector housing and 24% in public non-housing and with a further 10% cuts to both anticipated for 2013
    • Aili Saito
       
      the decrease in government spending has surpassed the anticipated increase in other factors of AD
  • guarded optimism
    • Aili Saito
       
      there seems to already be business/consumer confidence
  • little more aggressive in terms of recruitment and investment.
    • Aili Saito
       
      the government wants to increase business confidence 
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