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Erica Nozawa

Spain 'in huge crisis' as unemployment hits record levels - Telegraph - 3 views

    • Erica Nozawa
       
      This suggests Spain's involvement in the Euro crisis, and how unemployment rose as a result. 
    • Erica Nozawa
       
      'Record unemployment' gives us an idea of the magnitude of the impact the euro crisis had on Spain. I could discuss the type of unemployment and what could be done to improve the situation. In this case, the type of unemployment would be cyclical, as it occurs partly as a result of the business cycle.
    • Erica Nozawa
       
      Unemployment is macroeconomics. 
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    • Erica Nozawa
       
      Consumer spending is one of the key factors of macroeconomics. Consumer spending could have dropped partly because of the increasing unemployment rate, causing consumers to hold off spending. This means a drop in demand, thus a drop in supply, a decline in GDP, the shifting inwards on the PPF curve, the increase in government spending to pay for unemployment benefit, thus an increase in deficit, and in some cases the outset of deflation.
Christian Bager

Fat tax: Denmark's fat tax strikes again | GlobalPost - 1 views

  • Denmark first slapped a fat tax on saturated fats. Now lawmakers plan to hit sugar, and even chocolate consumption, in the second wave of its pioneering assault on the country's bulging waistlines and clogged arteries.
    • Christian Bager
       
      The attempts of government intervention to change the demand of fat in the past and what the government is attempting to repeat now, in order to change the demand of sugar and chocolate. This will also change the supply of the goods, since the tax will hit the producer as well.
  • Denmark will levy an extra six Danish Kroner ($1.05) on every kilogram of chocolate. The tax would go into effect on January 1.
    • Christian Bager
       
      This section shows the desired price, through the addition of the tax. It also gives a very exact target date for when the tax should be started up. This allows for graphs to be drawn before and after the event.
  • From 2013, lawmakers plan a levy on the sugar-content of processed food set at as much as 24 Kroner ($4.20) per kilogram.
    • Christian Bager
       
      This shows how over time further taxes will be put on products, showing further change in demand and supply and the SRAS and LRAS.
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  • "The new tax on sugar in food will first be implemented from 2013, and the details will be discussed in the coming year,"
    • Christian Bager
       
      Showing that further un decided taxes are also going to be implemented.
  • The rationale is to improve the health in the Danish population by giving a stronger incitement to buy more healthy food.
    • Christian Bager
       
      This shows the reasoning for the change in taxation. However it does not actually show that this will impact the demand of alternative products.
  • It's a trend that could be mimicked all over the world
    • Christian Bager
       
      Showing that these taxes may spread into other economies.
  • Danish bakers, famed for their flaky cinnamon pastries, are predictably up in arms.
  • Mike Rayner, Director of Oxford University’s Health Promotion Research Group, said that combining the fat tax with higher taxes on sugary products would prevent people substituting fatty foods with sugary treats.
  • "I think the saturated fat tax by itself would not have been particularly useful, but a saturated fat tax in conjunction with a higher tax on sugary products means they are trying to tackle unhealthy foods on two fronts."
Tomomi Nakamura

BBC News - Australian jobs growth hits eight-year high - 0 views

  • Australia's jobs growth has hit an eight-year high after the economy added 38,900 jobs in May, far more than forecast.
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      Adding more jobs will help improve the unemployment rate, as there are more jobs available for the people.  This could lead to an economic growth.
  • The data follows better-than-forecast economic growth of 1.3% in the first quarter compared with the previous three months
  • In recent years, Australia's economic boom has been powered by the growing global demand for its natural resources
    • Tomomi Nakamura
       
      Natural resources are scarce resources, so there is always a high demand.  Australia could use those resources to gain money from other countries by selling them.
Melanie Arxhoek

French unemployment hits 13-year high - 0 views

  •  
    The number of unemployed people in France has broken past the three million barrier for the first time since 1999, the country's leaders say. The latest total adds pressure on President Francois Hollande, whose administration is under attack four months after taking power for not doing enough to fix the economy.
Shoko Kuroda

U.S. Growth Slows to 2.2%, Report Says - NYTimes.com - 1 views

    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      It clearly states that the increase in consumer confidence shifted the AD curve to the right and how this lead to the stable US GDP growth
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      can draw a graph describing the growth in GDP by a AD curve shift to the right
  • Business investment, which had been a bright spot, declined in the most recent quarter.
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    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Business investment is stated as another factor which contributed to the decrease in GDP growth 
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Explanation as to what is GDP, its definition and the major factors which influence GDP. GDP= C (consumption)+G (government spending) +I (investment) +(X-M) (exports- imports)
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Could give an insight to some statistics as to what the GDP growth rates are for few countries around the world 
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Evaluate on the two different perspectives and the extent to both are valid 
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      reducing unemployment is another factor which affects GDP. State and explain how employment increases GDP. When people are employed this increases consumer confidence and results in consumers to be more willing to pay for goods and services and therefore increases consumption which is a big part of GDP. 
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Explain the relationship between the GDP of other countries. Such in this time period, Greece as a country was going the path of becoming bankrupt. The Euro-crisis contracted the economy of many countries. When they have a smaller economy, they have less amount of exports and therefore this could have made the difference between exports and imports significant and influenced GDP. 
  • Government spending also fell
  • particularly large drop in military outlays.
  • Many economists pointed out that consumer spending, mostly on cars and other large items, seemed to have come at a cost. Consumer savings declined.
  • decline in business investment.
  • Businesses spent more on equipment and software but much less on infrastructure.
  • decline in investment in
  • construction related to mining, oil and gas
  • series of external shocks, like a spike in gas prices (this year’s was less severe and is already subsiding) and the Ja
  • panese earthquake.
  • where many countries are already in recession and where this week Britain announced that it had entered the dreaded “double dip.”
  • slowing of China’s breakneck
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Decline in business investment, infrastructures invest more money therefore bring a bigger influence on growth of GDP whereas equipment and software have little affect since it is not as expensive as building roads and buildings. 
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Investment on construction of mining, oil and gas is similar to business investment on infrastructure since they acquire a lot of money whereas spendings on factories and office buildings are not as expensive as construction related spending. 
  • Shipments of durable goods increased last month, but new orders showed the steepest drop since January 2009.
  • unemployment benefits have risen.
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Unemployment benefits have risen, indicating that since there is a population who dont have a job, the government has to afford them unemployment benefits which reduces GDP. 
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Natural hazards such as the Earthquake and Tsunami which hit Fukushima on March 11, reduced the exports of Japanese goods to foreign countries due to the news of radiation. Because of a decrease in demand for Japanese goods, this could have reduced imports for America and a smaller difference between exports and imports of goods. 
    • Shoko Kuroda
       
      Because China has such a global impact on the world's economy, the slowing growth of the Chinese economy could reduce consumption of goods, considering the fact that the prices of Chinese goods could increase. 
Yayoi Tanikawa

BBC News - Japan retail sales and household spending continues in April - 2 views

  • sales and household spending continues in April Japan has been trying to boost domestic demand to sustain its economic growth Continue reading the main story Related Stories Sales tax hike is a bitter pill
  • continues
  • sales
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • Retail sales climbed by 5.8% from a year earlier, while household spending rose by 2.6%.
  • Policymakers have been trying to boost domestic sales to offset weaker exports.
  • pan has been trying to boost domestic demand to sust
  • Car subsidies
  • t consumer sentiment was also improving
    • Yayoi Tanikawa
       
      if consumer sentiment improves, they will be more willing to consume, therefore increasing AD
  • Last year people didn't travel much after the earthquake, but this year we see people willing to spend more money on vacations
  • actually 0.3% lower in April than they were in Marc
  • retail sales were
  • rate of unemployment ticked slightly higher in April, hitting 4.6% compared with 4.5% in March.
  • "We would need to see an increase in salaries for consumption to improve further,
Emily Hoshi

The 86 million invisible unemployed - May. 3, 2012 - 1 views

  • population growth
    • Emily Hoshi
       
      :D?
  • labor force is now at its smallest size since the 1980s when compared to the broader working age population.
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      One of the reasons to why there as an increase in unemployment.
    • Emily Hoshi
       
      Two graphs with the unemployment in micro perspective graph and the boarder working age population (basically population graph of workers) graph to compare and analyze the effects 
  • Last year, 86 million Americans were not counted in the labor force because they didn't keep up a regular job search. Most of them were either under age 25 or over age 65.
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      Could use the numbers and percentages to create a graph.
    • Emily Hoshi
       
      This can be shown with unemployment in microeconomics perspective graph
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  • that doesn't include the millions of nonworking adults who aren't even looking for a job anymore.
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      Since unemployment is when a worker is willing and able to work at a given wage rate but there is no job (work) available, when they have given up to look for a job they are not counted in the unemployment rate anymore.
  • unemployment rate is falling
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      Could show the unemployment fall on a graph.
  • A person is counted as part of the labor force if they have a job or have looked for one in the last four weeks.
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      Definition
  • 63.6% of Americans over the age of 16 fell into that category
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      Again, could use the statistics to show how it has hit a very low labour force participation rate.
  • Only people looking for work are considered officially unemployed.
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      Again, definition of unemployment.
  • The unofficially unemployed
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      It is not that the people who were unemployed were not looking for jobs at all.
  • weren't consistently looking for one
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      The reason for them being "unofficially unemployed".
  • Older people, ages 65 and over, account for more than a third.
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      They can live on either their savings or the money from the government. 
  • Young people between 16 and 24 make up another fifth.
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      Off for education?
  • unemployed
    • Ayaka Matsumura
       
      Types of unemployment: structural, frictional, cyclical, seasonal, natural rate
  • recession
Derek Schwung

BBC News - Spanish unemployment hits record 5.64 million - 0 views

    • Derek Schwung
       
      Current unemployment rates in Spain
  • Monday are expected to confirm that Spain has fallen back into recession.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      A result/consequence of the unemployment levels. 
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  • 0.4% in first three months of this year, after shrinking by 0.3% in the final quarter of last year.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Decrease in GDP is a cause for the high unemployment. 
  • Spanish retail sales were down 3.7% in March from the same point a year ago, the 21st month in row sales have fallen.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Sales = consumer spending. Less consumer spending/confidence will result in a decrease in GDP
  • The rate has risen sharply since April 2007, when it stood at 7.9%.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Comparison to what the unemployment figures before the recession. 
  • The new government has announced reforms to the labour market, including cutting back on severance pay and restricting i
  • nflation-linked salary increases, that it hopes will ease the problem.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      What spain is doing to remedy the unemployment. 
  • The government has also introduced drastic spending cuts designed to reduce its debt levels and meet deficit targets agreed with the European Union. These cuts are contributing to Spain's economic contraction.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Even though government expenditure would increase the AD/GDP, which would result in more employment, Spain is being forced to reduce government spending. 
  • S&P predicts the Spanish economy will shrink by 1.5% this year, having previously forecast 0.3% growth.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Large decrease in GDP 
  • "We believe that the new government has been front-loading and implementing a comprehensive set of structural reforms, which should support economic growth over the longer term," S&P said. "In particular, authorities have implemented a comprehensive reform of the Spanish labour market, which we believe could significantly reduce many of the existing structural rigidities and improve the flexibility in wage setting."
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Solutions to the problem by analysts. 
  • The yield on 10-year bonds rose to 5.96%, up from 5.81%, suggesting investors were becoming more wary of Spain's ability to repay its debts.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Investors are also key in GDP, which would boost economy, but they are weary. 
Derek Schwung

Falling Oil Prices Are No Mystery - Businessweek - 1 views

    • Derek Schwung
       
      Microeconomics - Supply and Demand
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Current Prices 
  • $97 a barrel and West Texas Intermediate hitting $83.
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  • producing more oil than it’s consuming,
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Excess Supply - cause 
  • Global oil consumption has been declining since the end of 2011, falling to 88.5 million barrels per day at the end of April, from 90.4 million barrels per day in late December 2011
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Oil consumption is falling - less demand 
  • 10 percent increase in production from OPEC during the past 12 months.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      An outward shift in supply
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Resulting of new drilling techniques and finds 
  • , driven by new finds and drilling
  • a 15-year low—a result of economic weakness and increased energy efficiency.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Demand is low because of economic weakness and increase energy efficiency 
  • The price declines
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Decrease in price to reach equilibrium? 
  • bets that the price will rise
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Price will rise in future 
  • , will fall to $90 a barrel by September, and that West Texas Intermediate should fall to $80.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Prediction for near future 
  • ince two-thirds of the price of gasoline is determined by the price of oil, that should continue to lower prices at the pump. At the end of May, the average price of a gallon of gasoline in the U.S. was $3.66, 12¢ lower than it was a year ago
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Gasoline should also decrease in price Happier consumers 
    • Derek Schwung
       
      This is the article for my IA 1
Aili Saito

Panasonic may halve its 7,000-strong headquarters ‹ Japan Today: Japan News a... - 0 views

  • aimed at speeding up decision-making
    • Aili Saito
       
      can relate to economies of scale = lack of communication is resolved
  • rival Sony
    • Aili Saito
       
      example of substitute good = XED 
    • Aili Saito
       
      PED will alter
  • been badly hit by the appreciation of the yen,
    • Aili Saito
       
      exports decrease 
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  • falling prices
    • Aili Saito
       
      movement on the demand function
  • 772.2 billion yen loss
    • Aili Saito
       
      loss = bad 
  • halve its 7,000-strong headquarters
    • Aili Saito
       
      increase in unemployment
Adam Seldis

German Jobless Rate Hits Low - WSJ.com - 3 views

    • Derek Schwung
       
      Unemployment rates in Germany at a record low Debt crisis in euro zone not affecting 
  • The seasonally adjusted unemployment rate fell to 6.7%—the lowest since comparable records began in 1998—from 6.8% in April, according to data from the country's labor agency Thursday. Economists had expected the adjusted unemployment rate to remain at 6.8%.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Fell by .1% from April to May. Lowest since comparable records begann in 1998 
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  • 2.855 million from 2.963 million
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Figures for a graph 
    • Nich Fabrici
       
      Maybe a Phillips Curve Analysis would be interesting?
  • Germany's economy grew by 0.5% in the first quarter of 2012
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Possible cause to decrease in unemployment 
  • Earlier Thursday, Germany's statistics office reported a higher than expected rise in retail sales in April, which economists attributed in part to the robust labor market.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Another cause 
  • However, Germany's Bundesbank warned last week that the first-quarter growth figure likely overstates the country's trend pace. Germany's powerful industrial sector will only make "a relatively small contribution" to growth given the still falling demand from the euro zone, the central bank said. However, a significant growth contribution could come both from construction and consumption, it added.
    • Derek Schwung
       
      Hint at what will happen in the following year
    • Adam Seldis
       
      Look at it from AD/AS diagram perspective. What might also be the consequences?
Arla Takala

Spain unemployment hits record high - Europe - Al Jazeera English - 0 views

  • unemployment
    • Arla Takala
       
      One of the 4 primary macroeconomic objective
  • jobless rate of 24.4 per cent in first quarter,
    • Arla Takala
       
      Governments set target for unemployment is about 5% each year
  • "BBB "
    • Arla Takala
       
      Bond credit rating--> BBB - has adequate capacity to meet its financial commitments
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  • The figures are terrible for everyone and terrible for the government
    • Arla Takala
       
      Terrible for everyone: --> no job = no income --> less spending Terrible for government: --> decrease on government revenue --> government has to spend more money on unemployment benefits --> government is receiving less money and spending more money --> budget deficit
  • economy to shrink
    • Arla Takala
       
      Negative economic growth can cause recession
  • fiscal
    • Arla Takala
       
      Government policy that focuses on taxes and government spending to improve the economy
  • S&P predicts the Spanish economy will shrink by 1.5 per cent this year, having previously forecasted growth of 0.3 per cen
    • Arla Takala
       
      Decrease in GDP due to decrease in consumer spending
  • It added that Spain's commercial banks are increasingly leaning to official sources for funds as they struggle to deal with piles of bad loans, especially in real estate.
    • Arla Takala
       
      Decrease in government spending
Cynthia Huang

Islands spat may hit supply chain - Taipei Times - 0 views

  • supply chain disruptions amid the heightened territorial dispute
  • well-known Japanese companies to suspend their operations at various Chinese plants.
  • Japanese firms ship critical auto parts to Taiwan
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • shipped onward to assembly plants in China
  • apan is Taiwan’s top importing country
  • China is Japan’s top exporting and importing country
  • adding value before
  • supply chain disruptions
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