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BBC News - Australia plans to ban live betting odds during sports - 3 views

  • bid to curb problem gambling.
  • "Fans, and particularly young fans, should not be subject to excessive promotion of betting during matches.
  • advertisements
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • revised code
  •  
    Gambling - Demerit Good Advertising ban will lead to a decrease in demand for Gambling Negative externalities will decrease. However, Gambling = inelastic good? Addiction?
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Tax on super strength beers and lagers set to increase - 0 views

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    Article on rise in tax from negative externalities from the demerit good of beer. Particularly the stronger beers with greater externalities.
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BBC News - Federal Reserve to buy more debt to boost US economy - 0 views

  • buy "additional agency mortgage-backed securities at a pace of $40bn (£25bn) per month".
    • Yihan Li
       
      Buying the securities increases the supply of money in the market
    • Yihan Li
       
      Increase in supply of money is used to expand aggregate demand
    • Yihan Li
       
      (evaluation) talk about the merits and demerits of increase in AD
  • nterest rates in the US have been close to zero for several years now, and the Fed again kept them at below 0.25% on Thursday.
    • Yihan Li
       
      Low interest rate keeps aggregate demand high -> more spending and investment 
    • Yihan Li
       
      Draw interest rate vs quantity of money diagram
  • quantitative easing
    • Yihan Li
       
      quantitative easing = A monetary policy used to increase the money supply by buying government securities or other securities from the market
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • "We doubt it will be enough to get the economy on the right track. It's only a matter of time before speculation begins as to when the Fed will raise its purchases from $40bn a month."
    • Yihan Li
       
      (evaluation) not enough money is spent by Federal Reserve 
  • the central bank buys bonds to keep the long-term cost of borrowing down.
    • Yihan Li
       
      Increase in supply of money keeps cost of borrowing (long-term interest rate) low
  • The unemployment rate in the US has been above 8% since January 2009, but the current 8.1% is down from the recent high of 10% in October 2009.
    • Yihan Li
       
      high unemployment = the economy is not doing well. 
    • Yihan Li
       
      The main reason why Fed implemented the policy 
  • US presidential election.
    • Yihan Li
       
      The decision is influenced by political factors 
  • Ben Bernanke also lowered the Fed's growth forecast for the US economy to 2% this year, down from the 2.4% it predicted in June
    • Yihan Li
       
      Fed decided to implement the policy because economy is not growing quickly enough 
    • Yihan Li
       
      Draw a AD-AS diagram to explain the results of AD shift on economy 
  • "The committee is concerned that, without further policy accommodation, economic growth might not be strong enough to generate sustained improvement in labour market conditions,
    • Yihan Li
       
      Without Fed's help, unemployment may increase or be stagnant. Maybe talk about Okun's law, which states that 3% increase in output corresponds to a 1% decline in the rate of unemployment
  • Federal Reserve to buy more debt to boost US economy
    • Yihan Li
       
      Why using monetary policy, not using fiscal policy? What are other options?  
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Republican Lawmaker Considering a Tobacco Tax Increase Bill | StateImpact Idaho - 0 views

  • Tobacco Tax Increase
    • Yihan Li
       
      Taxation on demerit good 
  • would tack on an additional $1.25 to Idaho’s tobacco tax
    • Yihan Li
       
      Massive increase on the tax of tobacco 
  • Supporters estimate the $1.25 per pack increase could raise $50 million for the state as well as encourage people to quit or not pick up the habit
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  • Medicaid program at least $83 million each year and cost taxpayers as much as $319 million in other health-related costs annually.
    • Yihan Li
       
      negative consumption externalities  (benefit-cost curve) 
  •  
    Tobacco Tax
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BBC News - Scottish minimum alcohol pricing passed by parliament - 1 views

  • Scottish minimum alcohol pricing passed by parliament
    • Arla Takala
       
      Microeconomics - Minimum price on alcohol in Scotland
  • minimum drink pricing
    • Arla Takala
       
      Minimum price = legally imposed price floor below which that normal market price cannot fall
  • Under the plans, the ­cheapest bottle of wine would be £4.69 and a four-pack of lager would cost at least £3.52.
    • Arla Takala
       
      Consumers pay a higher price for same product
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Scottish Health Secretary Nicola Sturgeon said that, as drink had become cheaper, alcohol-related hospital admissions had quadrupled and half of prisoners said they were drunk when they committed offences.
    • Arla Takala
       
      The government imposed a minimum price to reduce the amount of crime and injuries caused by alcohol
  • alcohol
    • Arla Takala
       
      Alcohol is a demerit good (over consumed or over produced) and has negative effects on society
  • Labour said minimum pricing could generate profits of more than £125m for alcohol retailers
    • Arla Takala
       
      Increase in profit for alcohol retailers due to an increase in price of alcohol
  • A study into a 50p minimum alcohol price by Sheffield University said the policy would see a 5.5% cut in drinking - with harmful drinkers' consumption falling by more than 10%, compared with a 2.5% fall for moderate drinkers.
    • Arla Takala
       
      The increase in price of alcohol would cause a reduction in demand
    • Arla Takala
       
      Minimum price causes a surplus in the market because supply exceeds demand
    • Arla Takala
       
      This causes a reduction in market size 
    • Arla Takala
       
      This may cause informal markets since some firms may sell their surplus at prices below the equilibrium however this is illegal
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