The article discusses the crisis of the unavailability of quality water supply for South Africa as a result of poor water supply facilities. This topic is important as South Africa is a popular tourist destination and should have a first-class water supply infrastructure, as well as the availability of quality water is a basic human right under the Republic of South African Constitution of 1996. It appears that the major reasons for poor water infrastructure is due to the lackadaisical attitude and neglect of constant and proper maintenance of the water infrastructure. The methodology involved extensive literature on articles relating the hospitality tourism experience and basic water supply facilities. An increase in investment in the process of sustaining water supply backlogs will need to be the focus of any future work. The points needed to be addresses is ensuring sufficient water supply, quality water, accessible water and sanitation methods, and that the water is affordable.

This paper used a random sanmplpe of 6 managers, 32 employees, and 38 clients of two hotel in Accra, Ghana. The goal of this paper to examine the role played by the hospitality industry in the organisation of events for clients. As most literature on even tourism is saturated with repeat data on the importance of mega events and their socioeconomic impact on destinations, this paper focuses more on the organisation of these events. For this location the study revealed that whilst religious and socialization activities dominated hotel events, only a small percentage of events organised covered corporate conferences, meetings, and workshops. Though clients have shown a mostly unanimous satisfaction with these meetings, managers feel that they have not received proper training in event planning and management. The managers have made an effort to voice their concerns, given the increase in the number of international tourists to Ghana, along with an increase in the number of hotels, restaurants, and other hospitality facilities. It has been observed that in developing countries, events pay a more significant role for individuals and the community. For final findings, it can be concluded that managers faced challenges such as ineffective communication and misunderstanding of expectations. Managers felt that they lacked certain basic expectations about events, and finally that the general pubic has certain expectations for these events that were at times not met. Hospitality facilities must be well-trained and be properly supervised during he course of these events

This article is a paper on understanding how different people react as an interest in knowing about security measures in advance of an event. This practical implication would result in event organizers understanding whether they need to communicate their risk management strategies, and if so how they can best achieve proper communications. Most existing taxonomies of this nature tend to identify customers based on risk perceptions alone, this research expands on such work by considering attitudes towards both risk and security based on the nature of the people in questions. This ranges from overthinkers, investigators, naive, ignorers, survivalists, and optimisers. Based on the type of person surveyed, examiners determine that risk and security perception may or may not influence even attendance, depending on their audience. Determining the type of attendee to a specific event will help managers position themselves to more effectively tackle and communicate risks and security matters

This article uses research information from five star hotel in Jakarta to scope out the feasibility of IT investment in hospitality to determine the value and tangible/intangible benefits of IT implementation. These hotels include the Grand Hyatt Hotel, Mandarin Oriental Hotel and Ayana Midplaza Hotel Jakarta. It is agreed upon by industry professionals that technology can improve business effectiveness and efficiency. Implementation of IT is one of the strategies to improve hotel performance, and as the development of information technology in hospitality has an impact on improving service quality, reducing costs, increasing productivity, gaining competitive advantage, and improving bottom line profitability. Research on this subject determined that most companies do not have procedures to see how effective IT investment has been. This article uses research to see hoe effective spending on information technology has been by means of financial evaluation, and secondary research that evaluates investments in the system. As a result, the analysis determines that in five star hotels in Jakarta, IT investment is quite beneficial for the hotel business process.

This article discusses the new POS system implemented by Future Group, of the United State's largest retailers. The System patterned with the payment company LivQui and the open commerce platform company US-Based Poynt. This platform is an Android-based operating system with cloud enabled tools that empowers merchants to grow their businesses with better inventory management, supply chain integration, and loyalty programs. For the consumer, the system proves a faster and secure checkout process that allows for the guest to chose there preferred payment method. Digital and physical interfaces are seamlessly merging, and the payments infrastructure is a focal point for the seamless convergence. The goal of this technology is the provide the customer with more convince and choice, while empowering the business to lead their digital transformation

Organizations and companies that deal with a high level of competitiveness have been compelled to develop intellectual property management systems that aim at insuring information accuracy and determining indicators for decision-making. This systematization and monitoring of information on intellectual property management contributes to the improvement, reliability, quality and managerial efficiency, with the goal of offering the company a competitive advantage. The main purpose of this work is to identify a reliable system of indicators or benchmarks that can be used for monitoring through self-evlauation of the IPM as part of a methodic approach on research. The benchmarks determined and suggested by the study include; Elements which characterize the invitational activity, Indicators which are specific to expenses incurred by the invitational activity and development/procurement of IPO's, Sources of information in the area of IPOs creation, human potential, legal protection of products/services, activity on the IPO market, the structure of the intellectual property management, and indicators which characterize the impact of intellectual property management. To conclude, The systematization of information on intellectual property management at the company and its monitoring would improve reliability, quality and efficiency of management decisions in this area.

This article goes into detail on how information technology has grown to a critical level for the success of business operations. Tourism has grown in India to become the largest service industry for the country, providing 6.23% to the national GDP, and providing 8.78% of the total employment. It is estimate that over 5 million annual foreign tourists arrive alongside 562 million domestic tourists. The implementation of this information technology provides a multitude of benefits including reducing costs, enhancing operation efficiency, and improving service quality and customer experience. To list some of these components; The railway, car rental, and bus/coach systems are all computerized and information regarding tourist/passenger transit data is now readily available. Airlines have fully implemented CRS (Computer Reservation System) to help generate higher rates of occupancy and boarding the scope of the market. Though these systems have helped improve the India's economic growth, the current structure of the tourism industry has shown that businesses in the accommodation sector lacked direct access to travelers and consumers. It's thanks to e-business that suppliers have found technological solutions (GDS's) to direct traffic properly. The Ministry of Tourism's Plan channels over half of their budget to the development of destinations, circuits, mega projects as well as rural tourism infrastructure projects. The travel and tourism industry has revolutionized the travel plans and strategies for India, and it's thanks to the embracing of newly developed and effective information technology that has turned operations to running on a new level of efficiency.

Social Media platforms has radically changed customers purchasing habits. Networking with other users lead to a gathering and sharing of information which then leads to increases in trust and intention to buy. Social Media represents an opportunity to boost brand recognition, increase sales, and promote word-of-mouth communication. This article is separated into two parts; the first discussing theoretical concepts for the growing of Social Media use in recent years, and the second giving point on the key role that social media takes in improving an e-commerce platform. As a theoretical concept, it is believed that social media has a lasting effect on social influence and the trust that consumers have during the purchasing process. This has allowed companies like Facebook to generate mass use through social integration and connecting people with those living around them. For concrete evidence, multiple points attribute the growth in online social platforms. The most successful of these steps has bee the online after-sale service, which allows e-vendors to communicate directly with their customer giving them a chance to witness the attention paid by the e-vendors on their needs and problems. This also allows for customers to rate and review products and services. Social Media has now been shaped to be the ideal place to gain knowledge about brands. So much so that shopping behavior influenced by reading other consumer's comments took place in 46% of all purchasing decisions. The article goes on to give hard data on social networking in emerging markets such as South Asia, Oceania, East Asia and Southeast Asia. It also gives hard data on use of social media in restaurants, with over 82* of all restaurants having some sort of social platform. In conclusion, social media has become a viral phenomenon and learning to manage effectively will lead to an outstanding competitive advantage.

Digital marketers in the hotel industry are adapting to the changing climate for OTA's guest expectations, advertising, and competition. Hotel Websites must be clean, low text, and image based with opportunities for guest to comment or ask questions. How to guests find you online? How can we create strategic links from the website to a brand's social channels for increased retention? Business owners will need to learn search engine marketing (SEM) to ensure that sites appear high on listed results of search engines. Paid advertising and Geo-targeting advertisement will be essential in offering the right products to the right markets. Markets must set measurement goals to monitor performance at different stages of ad campaigns and decided if ads should be adjusted. Lastly, the social media craze is still going strong, and being aware of current trend such as Instagram and hashtaging will be crucial in for current success.

(make sure to click on full text pdf) Cloud Computing is a set of hardware, software, networks, storage, services that an interface combines to deliver aspects of computing as a service. This helps in the sharing of software, hardware, and application packages through internet tools and wireless media. This article discusses the advantages, challenges, issues, and opportunities that Cloud Computing (CC) brings. The biggest and most obvious of these advantages is that concerned organizations need not install IT or hardware/software of their own, but can received a more sophisticated service through a CC provider while also allowing for very large amounts of data to be available though the CC infrastructure. The main fundamentals for CC are deployment optimization, virtualization, and resource allocation. The article finds that CC is gaining popularity in educational systems and the e-learning is gaining considerable popularity. E-learning or online education through these CC will play an important roll in IT infrastructure development in hospitality companies. It is suggested through these findings that the government, IT organizations, and educational communities should increase their cooperation. Proper funding, planning, and training will be essential to CC being implemented successfully