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These skills will again be important not only in college, where students must engage with professors to gain references and recommendations for future endeavors, but beyond as well.

Students should also try new pursuits that place them in unfamiliar and even uncomfortable situations

Whatever structure students may have had in high school to organize their work and complete assignments in a timely manner will be largely absent in college.

While it is important to be able to function in a group, it is also important to demonstrate leadership skills when necessary.

Soft skills include the ability to adapt to changing circumstances and the willingness to learn through experience, and are applicable across multiple disciplines and careers.

It is imperative for college-bound students to function efficiently and appropriately in groups, collaborate on projects and accept constructive criticism when working with others.

fueled by the arms race and the growing threat of nuclear weapons, wide-ranging espionage and counter-espionage between the two countries, war in Korea and a clash of words and ideas carried out in the media.

In 1959, the Soviet space program took another step forward with the launch of Luna 2, the first space probe to hit the moon

In April 1961, the Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to orbit Earth, traveling in the capsule-like spacecraft Vostok 1. For the U.S. effort to send a man into space, dubbed Project Mercury, NASA engineers designed a smaller, cone-shaped capsule far lighter than Vostok; they tested the craft with chimpanzees, and held a final test flight in March 1961 before the Soviets were able to pull ahead with Gagarin's launch. On May 5, astronaut Alan Shepard became the first American in space (though not in orbit).

Later that May, President John F. Kennedy made the bold, public claim that the U.S. would land a man on the moon before the end of the decade. In February 1962, John Glenn became the first American to orbit Earth, and by the end of that year, the foundations of NASA's lunar landing program--dubbed Project Apollo--were in place.

500 percent

budget was increased

After landing successfully on July 20, Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon's surface; he famously called the moment "one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."

By landing on the moon, the United States effectively "won" the space race that had begun with Sputnik's launch in

ublic's attention was captivated by the space race, and the various developments by the Soviet and U.S. space programs were heavily covered in the national media. This frenzy of interest was further encouraged by the new medium of television. Astronauts came to be seen as the ultimate American heroes, a

Soviets, in turn, were pictured as the ultimate villains, with their massive, relentless efforts to surpass America and prove the power of the communist system.

Soyuz vehicle. When the commanders of the two crafts officially greeted each other, their "handshake in space" served to symbolize the gradual improvement of U.S.-Soviet relations in the late Cold War-era.

Death was by burning at the stake

In 1231, Pope Gregory IX published a decree which called for life imprisonment with salutary penance for the heretic who had confessed and repented and capital punishment for those who persisted. The secular authorities were to carry out the execution.

The accused had to testify against himself/herself and not have the right to face and question his/her accuser.

The people were bound to their land plots

The court was overseen by a representative of the lord, usually his steward.

They had grazing and field rights around their village.

They did not have right to hunt most wild game

. The average farmer was given a plot of land on which he could farm.

The kings held this land by what they believed was "divine right"

The barons were given a large portion of the king's land, known as fiefs or manors.

"shield money" was often used to maintain a somewhat regular army.

. The class of lords solidified into an upper nobility class.

Whenever a baron was granted or inherited a fief, he was made into a vassal of the king.

"homage and fealty"

During the period of history known as the Middle Ages, feudalism was the law of the land.