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kota k

Medieval Occupations - 1 views

www.castles.me.uk/medieval-occupations.htm

MiddleAges Medieval History Occupations

shared by kota k on 02 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • ARMORER - Medieval Occupations & JobsA Medieval Armorer held an important occupation in the Medieval workforce. Armor had to be uniquely made to fit its wearer and was considered one of the specialist Medieval Occupations & Jobs.APOTHECARY - Medieval Occupations & JobsAn Apothecy dispensed remedies made from herbs, plants and roots. Medieval physicians were expensive and a priest often held this occupation, often the only recourse for sick, poor people.ARTIST - Medieval Occupations & JobsArtists were employed in the later Medieval era by kings and nobles. At first an artist painted heraldic designs on early furniture and then it became fashionable for portraits to be paintedMedieval Occupations & Jobs - ASTROLOGERAn astrologer studied the stars and planets but regarded as a mystical person. ATILLIATOR - Medieval Occupations & JobsThe occupation of a Castle Atilliator was to make crossbowsBAILIFF - Medieval Occupations & JobsThe occupation of the Castle Bailiff was to manage the castle estate or farmBAKER - Medieval Occupations & Jobs
  • kota k on 02 Feb 12
     
    Great site for Medieval occupations.  
Yuke Z

Medieval Warfare - 1 views

www.medievalwarfare.info

medieval warfare

shared by Yuke Z on 25 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • New weapons technology prompted new defensive technologies, for example the introduction of cross-bows led quickly to the adoption of plate armour rather than chain mail.
  • Siege Towers Battering Rams Cats and Weasels Chemical, Biological and Psychological Warfare Mining: undermining castle walls
  • Siege Towers
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • One way to foil the approach of a belfry was to have sloping castle walls. This forced the attackers to cover a greater distance from the top of the belfry to the top of the castle wall. This was one of the benefits of a talus.
  • This gave the ram much greater travel so that it could achieve a greater speed before striking its target and was therefore more destructive.
  • Some battering rams were supported by rollers.
  • a battering ram is just a large, heavy log carried by several people and propelled with force against the target, the momentum of the ram damaging the target.
  • defenders attempted to foil battering rams by dropping obstacles in front of the ram just before it hit a wall, using grappling hooks to immobilize the log, setting the ram on fire, or sallying out to attack the ram. Battering rams had an important effect on the evolution of defensive walls - the talus for example was one way of reinforcing walls. In practice, wooden gates would generally offer the easiest targets.
  • Greek fire was a burning-liquid used as a weapon of war by the Byzantines, and also by Arabs, Chinese, and Mongols. I
  • As a defence, water alone was ineffective. On land sand could be used to stop the burning . Intriguingly it is also known that vinegar and urine were effective
  • Medieval warriors also used basic biological weapons, for example catapulting dead and diseased animals into a defended fortress to help spread disease.
  • For example would have mad armour suitable for a man of several times normal size. He would then leave a few samples laying around the scene of his victories against the Persians. After he had gone Persians would find this armour and were were soon spreading stories of Alexander's superhuman giant soldiers.
  • Other examples of psychological warfare include making loud noises (an old Celtic practice) and catapulting the severed heads of captured enemies back into the enemy camp.
  • Defenders in castles under siege might prop up dummies beside the walls to make it look like there were more defenders than there really were. They might throw food from the walls to show besiegers that provisions were plentifu
  • A"mine" was a tunnel dug to destabilise and bring down castles and other fortifications. The technique could be used only when the fortification was not built on solid rock. It was developed as a response to stone built castles that could not be burned like earlier-style wooden forts.
  • Medieval Battle Equipment & Weapons
  • Wet animal hides were highly effective against burning arrows
  • Yuke Z on 06 Mar 12
     
    Weapons
Esther M

Medieval Monastery - 0 views

www.middle-ages.org.uk/medieval-monastery.htm

monastery medieval

shared by Esther M on 05 Feb 13 - Cached
  • Medieval Monastery Hierarch
  • y - Another Feudal Pyramid of Power
  • The PopeBishopArch BishopArch DeaconAbbotPriorDeanMonks
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • A Medieval monastery received pilgrims and travellers, at a period when western Europe was almost destitute of innsA Medieval monastery performed many works of charity, feeding the hungry, healing the sick who were brought to their doors, and distributing their medicinesA Medieval monastery provided education for boys who wished to become priests and those who intended to lead active lives in the worldA Medieval monastery copied the manuscripts of classical authors preserving valuable books that would otherwise have been lost A Medieval monastery kept records of the most striking events of their time and acted as chroniclers of the medieval history of the Middle Ages
  • the lavatorium was a room which contained a trough with running water where monks washed their hands before meals Misericord - a misericord was the part of a monastery where monks were disciplinedNight Stair - A staircase used by the monks to enter a church directly from their dormitory in order to attend late night and early morning servicesRefectory - the refectory was dining hall of a monasterySacristy - the sacristy was a small building, usually attached to the chancel in which vestments and sacred vessels were keptScriptorium - the scriptorium was the room in a monastery used by clerics or scribes copying manuscriptsWarming-house - the warming house was the only room in a monastery, apart from the infirmary and kitchen, where a fire was allowed. Also called a Calefactory
  • Lavatorium
  • Lavatorium
  • Lavatorium
  • Lavatorium
  • Cellarium - store-house of a monasteryChapter-house - The chapter house was a room in which monks met daily, to discuss business and to hear a chapter of the monastic ruleCloister - the cloister was a covered walkway in a monastery often situated around an quadrangle A cloister often comprised of a plain wall or colonnade on the outer side and a series of windows on the inner side Dorter - a dorter was a monastic dormitory. Sometimes the monks slept in isolated rooms called cells
  • Frater - a frater was another term for a refectory (dining room)Garderobe - a garderobe was a lavatory in a medieval buildingGranary - A monastery storehouse for threshed grainInfirmary - the infirmary was the part of a monastery which housed the monks who were too sick or old to take part in the normal monastic lifeKitchen - The monastery kitchen where food was prepared and cookedLavatorium -
  • s  of Medieval monks
  • s  of Medieval monks
  • Esther M on 05 Feb 13
     
    Describes life in a midieval monastery
Nir K

Medieval Games and Recreation - 1 views

www.medieval-life.net/games.htm

Medieval Recreation

shared by Nir K on 07 Feb 13 - Cached
  • Chess was widely popular and often a source of gambling entertainment; both in the traditional format and in a simpler version played with dice. Dice were easy to carry and were played in all ranks of society, even among the clergy.
  • bowling,
  • blind man's bluf
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • "horseplay
  • prisoner's bas
    • Nir K
      Nir K on 07 Feb 13
       
      Prisoner's Base
  • Checkers
  • bob for apples and go on hunts
  • cockfights and bullbaiting.
  • "King of the Bean," where a small bean would be baked inside bread or cake, and the one who found it in their portion would be crowned king of the holiday feast.
  • wrestled, swam, fished and played a game that was a cross between tennis and handball.
  • Chess was widely popular and often a source of gambling entertainment;
  • Dice were easy to carry and were played in all ranks of society, even among the clergy.
  • Some games played during the Middle Ages, including bowling, prisoner's base, blind man's bluff (also called hoodman's blind), and simple "horseplay" are still played today.
  • both in the traditional format and in a simpler version played with dice.
  • Checkers were a popular pastime, as was backgammon. Children wrestled, swam, fished and played a game that was a cross between tennis and handball. Medieval knights would incorporate training in recreation, performing gymnastics and running foot races.
  • Spectators in the Middle Ages were often drawn to cockfights and bullbaiting.
  • recreation for most adults was drinking in the local tavern.
  • villagers would bob for apples and go on hunts in the surrounding f
  • orests,
    • Nir K
      Nir K on 07 Feb 13
       
      forests
  • if the castle lord permitted.
  • Hawks were trained to hunt game birds and every medieval castle had a falconer, assigned to train young birds for this sport.
  • Medieval Christmas games included "King of the Bean," where a small bean would be baked inside bread or cake, and the one who found it in their portion would be crowned king of the holiday feast.
  • Srinivas P on 07 Feb 13
     
    All about medieval pastimes and games.
  • Jack B on 07 Feb 13
     
    games about medieval life 
John Woodbridge

Internet History Sourcebooks - 0 views

www.fordham.edu/...sbook1b.asp

shared by John Woodbridge on 21 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • John Woodbridge on 21 Nov 13
     
    End of Rome, Early Christian Church, Byzantium, Crusades, Empire & Papacy, Medieval Church, Economic Life in Medieval Europe, Intellectual Life in Medieval Europe, Jewish Life in Medieval Europe. All very good descriptions, but the reading level is quite high
Garth Holman

The Medieval Church - History Learning Site - 1 views

www.historylearningsite.co.uk/...the-medieval-church

Quest5 Clergy Tithes

shared by Garth Holman on 17 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • the Church dominated everybody’s life.
  • All Medieval people – be they village peasants or towns people – believed that God, Heaven and Hell all existed. From the very earliest of ages, the people were taught that the only way they could get to Heaven was if the Roman Catholic Church let them. Everybody would have been terrified of Hell and the people would have been told of the sheer horrors awaiting for them in Hell in the weekly services they attended.
  • The control the Church had over the people was total.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • They paid 10% of what they earned in a year to the Church (this tax was called tithes)
  • What the Church got in tithes was kept in huge tithe barns;
  • You also had to pay for baptisms (if you were not baptised you could not go to Heaven when you died), marriages (there were no couples living together in Medieval times as the Church taught that this equaled sin) and burials – you had to be buried on holy land if your soul was to get to heaven. Whichever way you looked, the Church received money.
  • The Church also did not have to pay taxes.
  • most simply collapsed after a while as they were so poorly built.
  • Important cities would have cathedrals in them.
  • Their sheer size meant that people would see them from miles around, and remind them of the huge power of the Catholic Church in Medieval England.
  • However, if you were killed in an accident while working in a cathedral or a church, you were guaranteed a place in Heaven – or so the workers were told.
  • Garth Holman on 17 Feb 16
     
    More detail on the Medieval Church: tithes, tithe Barns, and more.
Garth Holman

Medieval Weapons - 2 views

www.medievalchronicles.com/medieval-weapons

Quest7

shared by Garth Holman on 07 Mar 17 - No Cached
  • From the early period of medieval times all kinds of medieval weapons were being developed as wealthy landowners and Kings sought to increase their wealth and power by invading other people's territory, hoping to steal their land and treasures such as gold, silver and other precious metals.
  • clubs and maces which were effective against chain mail and plate Armour, Daggers were used mainly for stabbing and thrusting moves in close combat situations.
  • axes that would be used as cleaving, chopping and crushing weapons,
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Spears were very popular medieval weapons as they were cheap and easy to make and very effective,
  • Bill and Staff weapons on the battlefield and these consisted of bladed weapons such as polearms, pole hammers and mainly long staff weapons were very popular.
  • Great swords, and lets not forget one of the battlefields most treasured weapons in medieval times because of their effectiveness, Longbows (Popular in England) and Cross Bows (Popular in Europe).
  • Garth Holman on 07 Mar 17
     
    Medieval weapons
Mia K

Medieval Music - 0 views

medieval-life.net/music.htm

music medieval

shared by Mia K on 07 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Music was often played during holidays and special parties. During weddings and birthdays, the music was especially uplifting
  • Many a different Medieval music instrument was played, including, recorders, horns, trumpets, whistles, bells, and drums.
  • On Mayday, dancers would dance to specially-prepared, high-pitched music
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • It was believed in those days that medieval music was not only delightful to the ears, but it also helped in the digestion of food, hence the reason for music at mealtimes.
  • Mia K on 07 Feb 13
     
    This talks about music in the medieval times and how important it was in there culture 
danielle k

Medieval Clothing, Renaissance Clothing, Period Clothing and Medieval Fair Clothing by ... - 0 views

www.medievalcollectibles.com/c-146-clothing.aspx

clothing middleages medieval

shared by danielle k on 06 Feb 13 - Cached
  • danielle k on 06 Feb 13
     
    clothing of the medevil times
Alexander AER

Medieval Cult - 1 views

www.dfwx.com/medieval_cult.html

7th SocialStudies Medieval middleages

shared by Alexander AER on 14 Feb 12 - Cached
  • Alexander AER on 14 Feb 12
     
    Great website to learn about medieval cult. Contains some inappropriate content under "Law, Sex, and Christian Society in Medieval Europe".
Lauren M

Medieval Jobs - 9 views

www.medieval-life-and-times.info/...medieval-jobs.htm

MiddleAges Medieval

shared by Lauren M on 25 Jan 12 - Cached
  • Paige S. on 25 Jan 12
     
    All the jobs in medieval life  
  • Lauren M on 31 Jan 12
     
    will help with quest 4 question 4
mbonvenuto18

Pilgrimage - 0 views

www.medieval-life-and-times.info/...pilgrimage.htm

shared by mbonvenuto18 on 16 Feb 18 - No Cached
  • Definition of a Pilgrimage Definition of a Pilgrimage: A Pilgrimage is a journey to a holy place or shrine undertaken as a spiritual quest to obtain supernatural help or as a form of penance for sins. A pilgrim is one who undertakes a pilgrimage. The word 'pilgrimage' is derived from the Latin word peregrinus meaning foreignerand peregri meaning abroad translated as a traveller in foreign lands. The word 'peregrinatio' was used by Augustine of Hippo 354-430AD , who was considered to be the writer of some of greatest theological works of all time, to describe a Christian spiritual journey as a kind of estrangement and exile - a wanderer. The earliest surviving references to Christian pilgrimage date back to the 4th century.
  • The Concept of Pilgrimage Augustine of Hippo wrote about the concept of the pilgrimage and other religious leaders such as Saint Jerome also encouraged it in their religious writings. The idea or the concept of Pilgrimage was eagerly accepted by Medieval people from all walks of life, young or old, wealthy or poor. The concept of pilgrimage was and important religious belief in the Middle Ages both in terms of religious activity and as a way of Medieval life.
  • Soon it became common for Medieval people to make a pilgrimage closer to home visiting sites associated with Christian Saints and martyrs, holy relics and to places where there had been apparitions of the Virgin Mary. Pilgrimages were the first holidays enjoyed by Medieval people. Groups of Christians would set off together on a spiritual journey to visit a holy place or shrine where they would pray together.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Pilgrimage - the Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales was written c. 1390. It tells stories about a group pilgrims who had undertaken a pilgrimage to Canterbury. Each pilgrim had their own 'Canterbury Tale'. The route of the pilgrimage was along Watling Street and the Old Kent Road in London which led to the ancient "Pilgrim's way" from Rochester to Canterbury.
John Woodbridge

Medieval Knight's Tomb Found Beneath Parking Lot - Yahoo! News - 0 views

news.yahoo.com/ath-parking-lot-221641582.html

Quest2

shared by John Woodbridge on 15 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Archaeologists who were on hand during the construction of a new building in Edinburgh uncovered a carved sandstone slab, decorated with markers of nobility — a Calvary cross and a sword
  • Scientists plan to analyze the bones and teeth to learn more about this possible knight or nobleman
  • archaeologists have already dated the gravestone to the thirteenth century
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Builders at the site expected they would find historic objects during construction. Before it became a parking lot (coincidentally, once used by the University of Edinburgh's archaeology department), the site housed the 17th-century Royal High School, the 16th-century Old High School, and the 13th-century Blackfriars Monastery, researchers said. Archaeologists also apparently uncovered some medieval remains of the monastery, which had been destroyed and somewhat lost since the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century.
  • John Woodbridge on 15 Mar 13
     
    Story about an archeological find in Scotland
Srinivas P

Goodgame Empire | Goodgame Studios - 0 views

empire.goodgamestudios.com

empire history medieval middleages ancient

shared by Srinivas P on 06 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Srinivas P on 06 Feb 13
     
    An awesome medieval empire game where medieval manors are recreated!
ben c

Medieval Health - 0 views

medieval-life.net/health_main.htm

Medieval health science

shared by ben c on 07 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • by the stars,
  • Health was controlled by the stars, and affliction was a sign of impurity of the soul-a curse from God.
  • Health was controlled by the stars, and
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • Barbers doubled as surgeons, and a good bleeding was often the cure prescribed
  • Disease was a constant concern, as was infection from injuries
  • treatments for the sick were quite often out of reach, especially for the poor
  • Superstition and ignorance reigned during the Middle Ages
  • Hygiene was not always a priority and medieval diets were lacking in vital nutrition
  • Hospitals began to be constructed, and schools established for those wishing to practice medicine
  • anonymous on 07 Feb 13
     
    Medieval Life
Garth Holman

Medieval Clergy - 0 views

www.medievalchronicles.com/...medieval-clergy

catholic quest5 clergy

shared by Garth Holman on 22 Feb 17 - No Cached
  • Garth Holman on 22 Feb 17
     
    Run down of the catholic church in medieval soicety.
Garth Holman

The Medieval Church - 3 views

www.historylearningsite.co.uk/medieval_church.htm

Quest5 religion medieval church

shared by Garth Holman on 13 Feb 12 - Cached
  • From the very earliest of ages, the people were taught that the only way they could get to Heaven was if the Roman Catholic Church let them. Everybody would have been terrified of Hell and the people would have been told of the sheer horrors awaiting for them in Hell in the weekly services they attended.
  • The control the Church had over the people was total. Peasants worked for free on Church land. This proved difficult for peasants as the time they spent working on Church land, could have been better spent working on their own plots of land producing food for their families.
  • They paid 10% of what they earned in a year to the Church (this tax was called tithes). Tithes could be paid in either money or in goods produced by the peasant farmers. As peasants had little money, they almost always had to pay in seeds, harvested grain, animals etc. This usually caused a peasant a lot of hardship as seeds, for example, would be needed to feed a family the following year.
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • What the Church got in tithes was kept in huge tithe barns; a lot of the stored grain would have been eaten  by rats or poisoned by their urine.
  • A failure to pay tithes, so the peasants were told by the Church, would lead to their souls going to Hell after they had died. 
  • People were too scared not to pay tithes despite the difficulties it meant for them.
  • You also had to pay for baptisms (if you were not baptised you could not go to Heaven when you died), marriages (there were no couples living together in Medieval times as the Church taught that this equaled sin) and burials - you had to be buried on holy land if your soul was to get to heaven. Whichever way you looked, the Church received money.
  • The Church also did not have to pay taxes.
  • Important cities would have cathedrals in them.
  • To work on the building of a cathedral was a great honour. Those who did the skilled work had to belong to a guild. They would have used just the most basic of tools and less than strong scaffolding to do the ceilings. However, if you were killed in an accident while working in a cathedral or a church, you were guaranteed a place in Heaven - or so the workers were told.
  • Their sheer size meant that people would see them from miles around, and remind them of the huge power of the Catholic Church in Medieval England.
    • Shira H
      Shira H on 14 Feb 12
       
      Great site for quest 5
  • Yuke Z on 13 Feb 12
     
    Medieval Church
Angela Pettigrew

The Medieval Child, Part 1 - Introduction - The Concept of Childhood - 2 views

historymedren.about.com/...child_intro.htm

History MiddleAges Medieval slavery life child childhood introduction

shared by Angela Pettigrew on 02 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • If they wore grown-up clothes, the theory goes, they must have been expected to behave like grown-ups.
  • The idea that children were treated like miniature adults as soon as they could walk and talk is a common one.
  • there certainly isn't a great deal of medieval artwork that depicted children other than the Christ Child, the examples that survive do not universally display them in adult garb.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Medieval laws existed to protect the rights of orphans. Medieval medicine approached the treatment of children separately from adults. In general, children were recognized as vulnerable, and in need of special protection.1
glever g

Medieval Clothing - 0 views

www.medieval-life.net/clothing.htm

Middle ages middleages fashion Medieval

shared by glever g on 12 Feb 14 - Cached
  • The clothing of peasants during the Middle Ages was very simple, while the clothing of nobility was fitted with a distinct emphasis on the sleeves of the garments. Knights adorned themselves with sleeveless "surcoats" covered with a coat of arms. Barbarian nomads wore clothing made of fur, wool, and leather. They wore long trousers, some of which had attached feet. Fine leather shoes were also worn. Imports such as turbans and silks from the East were common for the more fortunate of society.
  • As with today, clothing styles of medieval men changed periodically
  • At the end of the 13th century, the once loose and flowing tunics became tighter fitting. Besides tunics, the men also wore undershirts and briefs covered by a sleeveless jacket and an additional tunic. Stockings completed the ensemble. Men's medieval clothing also consisted of cloaks with a round opening that was slipped over the man's head. Such cloaks were worn over other clothing as a type of "jacket"
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • kirtles
  • which were tunics worn to their ankles
  • Women, especially those who were married, wore tight-fitting caps and nets over their hair, which was wound in a "bun" on their heads. Other women wore veils over their hair, which was left either hanging loosely, or braided tightly.
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