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Shira H

The First Crusade - 1 views

www.middle-ages.org.uk/the-first-crusade.htm

shared by Shira H on 13 Mar 12 - Cached
    • Shira H
      Shira H on 13 Mar 12
       
      has information for quest 8 and has a lot of information on the 1st and 3rd crusade. 
  • waiting for the main body of nobles, which was to assemble at Constantinople in the summer of 1096  a horde of poor men, women, and children set out, unorganized and almost unarmed, on the road to the Holy Land.
  • Without waiting for the main body of nobles, which was to assemble at Constantinople in the summer of 1096  a horde of poor men, women, and children set out, unorganized and almost unarmed, on the road to the Holy Land.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • This was called the Peoples Crusade, it is also referred to as the Peasants Crusade. Dividing command of the mixed multitudes with a poor knight, called Walter the Penniless, and followed by a throng of about 80,000 persons, among whom were many women and children, Peter the Hermit set out for Constantinople leading the Peoples Crusade
  • The Peoples Crusade was badly organised - most of the people were unarmed and lacked the command and discipline of the military crusaders. The Byzantium emperor Alexius I sent his ragged allies as quickly as possible to Asia Minor, where most of them were slaughtered by the Turks.
  • Peoples Crusade were slaughtered. Peter the Hermit did survive and eventually led the Crusaders in a procession around the walls of Jerusalem just before the city was taken.
  • a book about her father and the crusaders called the Alexiad which provides historical details about the first crusaders
  • The daughter of Alexius, called Anna Comnena wrote
  • Those crusaders who crossed the Bosphorus were surprised by the Turks
  • Peoples Crusade fell in battle with the natives of the countries through which they marched, and thousands more perished miserably of hunger and exposure.
Lauren M

The Middle Ages | Feudalism - 3 views

westernreservepublicmedia.org/...feud_nobles.htm

shared by Lauren M on 24 Jan 12 - Cached
  • You were born into a class of people and generally stayed in that class for your entire life.
  • Working hard did not change your status. Your clothing, food, marriage, homes, etc., were determined for you.
  • Fancy clothes were a status symbol. Laws were passed that forbade peasants from wearing fancy clothes, which they couldn’t afford anyway.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • Nobles ate rich and fancy food prepared by the servants.
  • About 20 percent of women and 5 percent of babies died during childbirth.
  • There were plenty of toys and games. Medieval children had dolls, spinning tops, rattles, hobby horses, blocks, balls, whistles and puppets. Little girls had glass jewelry for dress-up, while little boys played with wooden soldiers, whips, toy horses and wooden swords.
  • Royal children learned a few manners, a little reading, writing and dancing.
  • At age 7, boys were sent to another castle to begin learning to become a knight.
  • At age 7, girls were sent to another castle to learn to become a lady.
  • Marriages were never based on love. They were arranged by the parents and often involved land issues and strategic bonds.
  • Girls as young as age 12 were married to anyone who met the requirements of the girl’s parents. Grooms could be from 20 years to 50 years old.
  • Women sewed, took care of children and ran the estate.
  • Clothing
  • Shai y on 24 Jan 12
     
    Great Thanks!
Garth Holman

http://library.thinkquest.org/10949/fief/lofeudal.html - 8 views

library.thinkquest.org/...lofeudal.html

middleAges terms vocabulary MAGlossary

shared by Garth Holman on 17 Jan 12 - Cached
  • They often formed their own manorial courts, called halimotes.
  • "Noone shall enter the fields to carry grain after sunset" This law was made to prevent grain from being stolen surreptitiously.
  • The lord also had a great deal of control over his peasants, known as serfs.
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • The people were bound to their land plots
  • The court was overseen by a representative of the lord, usually his steward.
  • They had grazing and field rights around their village.
  • They did not have right to hunt most wild game
  • . The average farmer was given a plot of land on which he could farm.
  • The kings held this land by what they believed was "divine right"
  • The barons were given a large portion of the king's land, known as fiefs or manors.
  • "shield money" was often used to maintain a somewhat regular army.
  • . The class of lords solidified into an upper nobility class.
  • Whenever a baron was granted or inherited a fief, he was made into a vassal of the king.
  • "homage and fealty"
  • During the period of history known as the Middle Ages, feudalism was the law of the land.
  • Projects by Students for Students
  • kota k on 24 Jan 12
     
    An intermediate reading level description of the Middle Ages Feudal System.
  • Garth Holman on 30 Jan 13
     
    Huge list of Medieval Terminology and Glossary.  What is an Arrow Loop? Look here.  
Jacob S

Feudal System - 9 views

history.howstuffworks.com/...knight1.htm

society Feudal System

shared by Jacob S on 24 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Jacob S on 24 Jan 12
     
    Great site for how the feudal system started for everybody but mostly the knights. 
  • jacob w on 24 Jan 12
     
    the site is getting is giving me only so much info but its good if you need to get far in social studies use some of these sites like this one
  • jacob w on 24 Jan 12
     
    the government was a way for protection and order iand hard labor for peasants like in rome only they have there differences on law and order
Jenny L.

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year7links/life/foulfood.pdf - 1 views

www.schoolhistory.co.uk/...foulfood.pdf

MiddleAges Food Peasants Knight Noble Church Rules

shared by Jenny L. on 02 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Jenny L. on 02 Feb 12
     
    Explains about what people ate in the Middle ages
tabitha p

Slavery in antiquity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 2 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Slavery_in_antiquity

shared by tabitha p on 17 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Slavery in the ancient world, specifically, in Mediterranean cultures, comprised a mixture of debt-slavery, slavery as a punishment for crime, and the enslavement of prisoners of war.[1]
  • hard lives. In some of the city-states of Greece and in the Roman Empire, slaves formed a very large part of the economy, and the Roman Empire built a large part of its wealth on slaves acquired through conquest.
  • The difficulty of distinguishing between slaves and levied peasant labour has bedevilled the study of this subject. Private ownership of slaves, captured in war and given by the king to their captor, certainly occurred at the beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty (1550 - 1295 BCE). Sales of slaves occurred in the Twenty-fifth Dynasty (732 - 656 BCE), and contracts of servitude survive from the Twenty-sixth Dynasty (ca 672 - 525 BCE) and from the reign of Darius: apparently such a contract then required the consent of the slave.
Yuke Z

Women During the Middle Ages - 2 views

www.medievality.com/medieval-women.html

middleages women

shared by Yuke Z on 09 Feb 12 - Cached
  • Women were widely considered inferior during the Middle Ages. Even though some women possessed considerable - and often extraordinary - power, most of them were very poor and had to work 12 hours every day just to get by. Behind every great king and ruler, was a woman. The influence of women during the Middle Ages is often underestimated. Most women of the Middle Ages were totally dominated by men. Any man in the family could order a woman to do as he wished. If a woman refused, she was beat into submission, as disobedience was considered a crime against God.
  • While it is often believed that women possessed no rights during the Middle Ages, that was generally not the case. They had to obey men, but they were often treated well. Women of the royalty lived luxuriously and when chivalry was finally introduced, they were more respected by men. We could say that women were treated based on their social rank, but this would also show some inconsistencies. Some peasants who lived in peaceful times could only work as much as we do today and still live well.
  • Yuke Z on 09 Feb 12
     
    Rights of women
glever g

Medieval Clothing - 0 views

www.medieval-life.net/clothing.htm

Middle ages middleages fashion Medieval

shared by glever g on 12 Feb 14 - Cached
  • The clothing of peasants during the Middle Ages was very simple, while the clothing of nobility was fitted with a distinct emphasis on the sleeves of the garments. Knights adorned themselves with sleeveless "surcoats" covered with a coat of arms. Barbarian nomads wore clothing made of fur, wool, and leather. They wore long trousers, some of which had attached feet. Fine leather shoes were also worn. Imports such as turbans and silks from the East were common for the more fortunate of society.
  • As with today, clothing styles of medieval men changed periodically
  • At the end of the 13th century, the once loose and flowing tunics became tighter fitting. Besides tunics, the men also wore undershirts and briefs covered by a sleeveless jacket and an additional tunic. Stockings completed the ensemble. Men's medieval clothing also consisted of cloaks with a round opening that was slipped over the man's head. Such cloaks were worn over other clothing as a type of "jacket"
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • kirtles
  • which were tunics worn to their ankles
  • Women, especially those who were married, wore tight-fitting caps and nets over their hair, which was wound in a "bun" on their heads. Other women wore veils over their hair, which was left either hanging loosely, or braided tightly.
Garth Holman

The Medieval Church - History Learning Site - 1 views

www.historylearningsite.co.uk/...the-medieval-church

Quest5 Clergy Tithes

shared by Garth Holman on 17 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • the Church dominated everybody’s life.
  • All Medieval people – be they village peasants or towns people – believed that God, Heaven and Hell all existed. From the very earliest of ages, the people were taught that the only way they could get to Heaven was if the Roman Catholic Church let them. Everybody would have been terrified of Hell and the people would have been told of the sheer horrors awaiting for them in Hell in the weekly services they attended.
  • The control the Church had over the people was total.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • They paid 10% of what they earned in a year to the Church (this tax was called tithes)
  • What the Church got in tithes was kept in huge tithe barns;
  • You also had to pay for baptisms (if you were not baptised you could not go to Heaven when you died), marriages (there were no couples living together in Medieval times as the Church taught that this equaled sin) and burials – you had to be buried on holy land if your soul was to get to heaven. Whichever way you looked, the Church received money.
  • The Church also did not have to pay taxes.
  • most simply collapsed after a while as they were so poorly built.
  • Important cities would have cathedrals in them.
  • Their sheer size meant that people would see them from miles around, and remind them of the huge power of the Catholic Church in Medieval England.
  • However, if you were killed in an accident while working in a cathedral or a church, you were guaranteed a place in Heaven – or so the workers were told.
  • Garth Holman on 17 Feb 16
     
    More detail on the Medieval Church: tithes, tithe Barns, and more.
Garth Holman

Diseases during the Middle Ages - 1 views

medieval-life.net/diseases.htm

quest4

shared by Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • Rough wool worn close to the skin by peasants led to numerous and widespread skin diseases.
  • Scarcity of fruits, vegetables and proteins needed for a healthy diet led to maladies of the intestinal tract and scurvy.
  • Winter was especially hard on medieval society, as cold, drafty dwellings led to numerous cases of deadly pneumonia.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • improper sanitation
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16
       
      As you will see, human waste was dumped on the streets, out windows, or from the roof of buildings or castles.  Image walking under that. 
  • Mental illness was also widespread during the Middle Ages. Injuries received to babies during the birthing process often led to brain trauma.
  • Leprosy remained the most feared disease of the Middle Ages,
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16
       
      Leprosy:  is a chronic infection caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis   Can be seen on the skin, deforms head, hands and feet. 
  • Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16
     
    Diseases of the Middle Ages: How do we deal with them? 
  • Garth Holman on 11 Feb 16
     
    Diseases of the Middle Ages: How do we deal with them? 
Garth Holman

Medicine - 1 views

medieval-life.net/medicine.htm

Quest4 Medicine

shared by Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • Arabic anatomical and pharmaceutical knowledge, far greater in scope than that of medieval Europe's learning, was quickly assimilated
  • Isolation of the sick and contagious was commonplace and possibly the greatest step taken in medieval medicine.
  • Hospitals began to be built in Europe during the 13th century
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Bleeding and the use of leeches to draw "bad blood" from the patient were typical. Some surgeries were performed to cure patients of hernias, cataracts, for the removal of gallstones. Surgery was often more precarious than the actual problem. Folk cures and poultices made from herbs were options for the peasant class. There were those who would risk being called "witch" to provide these remedies, although many found themselves tied to a burning stake.
  • the Church was often called to exorcise demons and say prayers and incantations over the patient.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16
       
      When all else fails turn to the Church! 
  • Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16
     
    Medicine, no aspirin for a headache, lets try blood letting:)
  • Garth Holman on 11 Feb 16
     
    Medicine, no aspirin for a headache, lets try blood letting:)
  • Garth Holman on 11 Feb 16
     
    Medicine, no aspirin for a headache, lets try blood letting:)
Garth Holman

Bishops in the Middle Ages | Middle Ages - 1 views

www.thefinertimes.com/...ishops-in-the-middle-ages.html

Quest3 Bishops Catholic Church Middleages

shared by Garth Holman on 16 Jan 13 - No Cached
  • The Bishops being a key figure of the society and being wealthy by virtue of his position in the clergy used to live either in a castle or a manor
  • Every king was supposed to have one Bishop in his court for consultation.
  • The rulings of the clergy affected everyone during the Middle Ages.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Bishops had become so powerful that it was mandatory for the king to take orders and consult the Bishop in everyday affairs over the state.
  • f you were born in one class of the society, you belonged to that class for your entire life with no chances of improving your status through hard work.
  • They were generally from a noble family or a wealthy family from some town.
  • He used to take tours around the country to many churches within the country. There was a seat reserved for the Bishop in every church in the country.
  • Listening to the plights of all the priests and clergymen below him; Levy taxes on the peasants; Settling of important issues such as annulment of marriage; Maintaining an army of his own to assist the king during war; Leading his army in the war was common in the Early Middle Ages for Bishops; Take care of the spiritual soundness of his diocese; Implement the code of the church in the diocese; Take care of the business of the church in their diocese and supervise the priests, nuns and monks in their activities.
  • Ryan C on 16 Jan 13
     
    tells about key ideas a being a bishop 
Garth Holman

The Middle Ages | Feudalism - 2 views

westernreservepublicmedia.org/...feud_clergy.htm

MiddleAGes Nuns Monks Priest

shared by Garth Holman on 30 Jan 13 - Cached
    • John Woodbridge
      John Woodbridge on 30 Jan 13
       
      This shows that there were more than one type of monk or nun.
  • Working hard did not change your status. Your clothing, food, marriage, homes, etc., were determined for you. After the rank of king, the hierarchy was the nobles, the knights, the clergy (religious people), the tradesmen and the peasants.
  • You were born into a class of people and generally stayed in that class for your entire life.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • profoundly affected by the rulings of the church.
  • One of the most unifying elements of the Middle Ages was the Roman Catholic Church.
  • In the Middle Ages, there was a definite structure in society.
  • Following the pope, in order of rank, there were bishops, priests, monks and nuns.
  • Bishops
  • Priests
  • Monks
  • were very holy and lived in a convent.
Garth Holman

Feudal System - 14 views

www.middle-ages.org.uk/feudal-system.htm

middleAges laws rights responsiblility quest3 quest4

shared by Garth Holman on 24 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Feudal SystemThe Feudal System was sustained by the rights and privileges given to the Upper Classes and in most cases enacted by laws. Everything was a source of privilege for the nobles. They had a thousand pretexts for establishing taxes on their vassals, who were generally considered "taxable and to be worked at will." Kings and councils waived the necessity of their studying, in order to be received as bachelors of universities. If a noble was made a prisoner of war, his life was saved by his nobility, and his ransom had practically to be raised by the "villains" of his domains.
  • The Feudal System Right of Hunting
  • The Feudal System Right of Jurisdiction
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • The Feudal System Right of Safe Convoy
  • The Feudal System Right of Wearing Spurs
  • The Feudal System Rights of Knighthood
  • The Feudal System Right of having seats of honour in churches and Monuments
  • The Feudal System Right of Disinheritance
  • The Feudal System Right of common oven
  • Feudal System Rights of Treasure Trove
  • The Feudal System Right of Shipwrecks
  • The Feudal System Right of Shelter
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 29 Jan 13
       
      What does the word Villains mean, as it is used here?  
  • all privileges dearest to and most valued by the nobles.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 29 Jan 13
       
      If you are not a noble, what would happen if you killed an animal on the nobles land? 
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 30 Jan 13
       
      you would get punished
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 29 Jan 13
       
      Who was the judge of in all cases on a manor? 
    • Olivia A
      Olivia A on 30 Jan 13
       
      The Lord
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 29 Jan 13
       
      This right applied to what members of society? 
    • Olivia A
      Olivia A on 30 Jan 13
       
      All member of society
  • Knights had the right of receiving double rations when prisoners of war; the right of claiming a year's delay when a creditor wished to seize their land; and the right of never having to submit to torture after trial, unless they were condemned to death for the crime they had committed.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 29 Jan 13
       
      What are three rights a KNIGHT had? 
    • Sridhar U
      Sridhar U on 30 Jan 13
       
      Reviving Double Rations when Prisoner of war. The right to not pay money for the land for a year. The right to have no tourture after a trail.
  • of claiming the goods of a person dying on their lands who had no direct heir. They also had the right of claiming a tax when a fief or domain changed hands.
  • the right of common oven required serfs to make use of the mill, the oven, of the lord
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 29 Jan 13
       
      What did this force all peasant and serfs to do? 
  • Garth Holman on 24 Jan 12
     
    Laws and rights of the middle ages.
Garth Holman

Medieval Civilization: Lecture Notes - 4 views

www.uncp.edu/...lecture_mid_civ.htm

quest3 quest4

shared by Garth Holman on 24 Jan 12 - Cached
  • Feudalism and Manorialism
  • The noble class developed a value system (later called chivalry)
  • Three-field system was used, with one field planted in the autumn, one in the spring, and one fallow.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Power and prestige of the noble class based on land (the fief)
  • feudalism was a political arrangement that provided for the performance of these functions of government by a class of landed nobles.  Nobles bound by an interdependent system of personal ties; the heart was the feudal contract, which established relations between lord and vassal, the most important of which were protection and service.
  • knights were to be Christian, brave, faithful, generous, and protective of women and the poor; evidence of this code may be found the French epic The Song of Roland and the Spanish El Cid.
  • which supported the lord, his family, and his soldiers.  Landed estate organized as manors; each a self-supporting economic unit; the lord provided the land and protection; serfs provided the labor.
  • Serfs (=landless peasants) bound to the soil; could not be bought or sold individually; they passed new owners when land changed hands.  Medieval farming methods primitive; yield was low
  • Claire B. on 24 Jan 12
     
    Scroll about one-third of the way down, and you can find a great diagram of how the feudal system works. There is also a map of what a fief would look like. I highlighted where they have some information on feudalism and manorialism.
ca21dcs

Feudalism and Religion in the Middle Ages - 8 views

ed101.bu.edu/...feudalism.html

quest3

shared by ca21dcs on 24 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • eudalism was the main political system in the Middle Ages.
  • The Church had the same amount, if not more, power and wealth than the kings.
  • All schools taught religion, most politicians were also priests, and no food was eaten without first saying thanks to God.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • priests had quite a lot of influence over the people.
  • Priests also collected a tenth of whatever the peasants had produced from their land over the course of the year. This was called a "tithe."
  • Anyone who was suspected of disagreeing with the church's teachings was called a heretic and burnt at the stake.
  • even if they did make it to heaven in the afterlife, they would have to spend a thousand years in purgatory to be cleansed of their sins on earth. So, many rich people would pay the church to say extra masses for them in the hope that it would reduce the amount of time in purgatory.
  • Benjamin R on 24 Jan 12
     
    This site is very good for finding out important things about the middle ages.
Garth Holman

Microsoft Word - Medieval People.doc.pdf - 2 views

quest2 quest3 feudalism feudal

shared by Garth Holman on 26 Jan 16 - No Cached
  • Kings needed the good will and support of the Nobles and Knights so they granted them lands in return for their military services. The Nobles and Knights would in turn grant some of their lands to Freemen. Life lived under the Medieval Feudal System demanded that everyone owed allegiance to the King and their immediate superior. Everyone was expected to pay for the land by providing the following services:
  • Medieval Castle was governed by the pyramid-shaped Feudal System. This was based on the belief that the land belonged to God - but that the Kings, who ruled by Divine Right, managed the land and used it as they wished.
  • land belonged to God
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • Divine Right,
  • ope, as God's vicar on Earth, had the right to intervene and impose sanctions on an unjust King.
  • Feudalism pyramid the King was answerable to the Pope.
  • a King, depose a King, forfeit his Kingdom, put another King in his place or excommunicate a King.
  • The King claimed ownership of the land
  • these nobles then pledged their loyalty by swearing to serve and protect the king
  • military men (the knights) who were called vassals
  • The land was worked by the peasants or serfs. They belonged to the land and could not leave without permission - the bottom of the Feudalism pyramid.
adh21dcs

The Middle Ages - 2 views

www.learner.org/...morefeud.html

quest3

shared by adh21dcs on 04 Feb 16 - Cached
  • Peasants worked t
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