Skip to main content

Home/ History with Holman/ Group items tagged Medieval

Rss Feed Group items tagged

Filter: All | Bookmarks | Topics Simple Middle
Garth Holman

Medieval education in Europe: Schools & Universities - 0 views

www.lostkingdom.net/medieval-education-in-europe

quest4 education middleages

shared by Garth Holman on 10 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • It is estimated that by 1330, only 5% of the total population of Europe received any sort of education
  • Even then education, as we understand it, was not accessible or even desired by everyone. Schools were mostly only accessible to the sons of high lords of the land.
  • In most kingdoms in Europe, education was overseen by the church.
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • The very fact that the curriculum was structured by the church gave it the ability to mould the students to follow its doctrine
  • Unofficially, education started from a very young age. This sort of early education depended on the feudal class of the child’s parents
  • Even the children of serfs would be taught the skills needed to survive by their parents. The boys would be taken out into the fields to observe and to help their parents with easy tasks, while the girls would work with the animals at home, in the vegetable garden with their mothers, or watch them weave.
  • Children of craftsmen and merchants were educated from a very young age in the trade of their fathers. Trade secrets rarely left a family and they had to be taught and understood by all male (and unusually, female) heirs, in order to continue the family legacy.
  • Young boys of noble birth would learn how to hunt and swing a weapon, while the young ladies of nobility would learn how to cook
  • The main subject of study in those schools was Latin (reading and writing). In addition to this, students were also taught rhetoric – the art of public speaking and persuasion – which was a very useful tool for both men of the cloth and nobles alike.
  • Lessons frequently started at sunrise and finished at sunset
  • University education, across the whole of the continent, was a luxury to which only the wealthiest and brightest could ever aspire
  • Since the creation of the first university in 1088
  • Students attended the Medieval University at different ages, ranging from 14 (if they were attending Oxford or Paris to study the Arts) to their 30s (if they were studying Law in Bologna)
  • The dynamic between students and teachers in a medieval university was significantly different from today. In the University of Bologna students hired and fired teachers by consensus. The students also bargained as a collective regarding fees, and threatened teachers with strikes if their demands were not met
  • A Master of Arts degree in the medieval education system would have taken six years; a Bachelor of Arts degree would be awarded after completing the third or fourth year. By “Arts” the degree was referring to the seven liberal arts – arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music theory, grammar, logic, and rhetoric
  • The sons of the peasants could only be educated if the lord of the manor had given his permission
  • Any family caught having a son educated without permission was heavily fined
  • Historians today believe that this policy was another way in which authority figures attempted to control the peasants, since an educated peasant/villein might prove to question the way things were done and upset the balance of power which kept the nobles strong.
  • Students held the legal status of clerics which, according to the Canon Law, could not be held by women; women were therefore not admitted into universities.
  • Garth Holman on 10 Feb 16
     
    This explains the importance of education and how each group got an education.
John Woodbridge

Backyard Bonanza: Medieval Outhouses and Roman Roads Unearthed - Yahoo News - 0 views

news.yahoo.com/roads-unearthed-125312808.html

Roman Empire Medieval England

shared by John Woodbridge on 15 Dec 15 - No Cached
  • John Woodbridge on 15 Dec 15
     
    Ancient Roman settlement in England found underneath Medieval remains
Erica G

Medieval Romance - 0 views

www.medieval-life.net/romance_main.htm

romance Middle Ages

shared by Erica G on 07 Feb 13 - Cached
  • While medieval country marriages were often the result of love, marriage among the noble class was more a business transaction than the culmination of ardent feelings
  • Courtly love became the subject of some of the most famous medieval poems, and where we get today's word, "Courtesy."
  • Passion was considered sinful to 11th and 12th century moralists, but these ideals were slowly being worn away with the rituals of courtly love.
  • Erica G on 07 Feb 13
     
    romance
Garth Holman

Of Monks, Medieval Scribes, and Middlemen - 0 views

www.medievalists.net/...medieval-scribes-and-middlemen

quest4 quest5 middleages scribes monks

shared by Garth Holman on 03 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • : In the early Middle Ages, the Church played a very important role in protecting ancient works, and monks were heavily involved in the “reproduction and preservation of the literature that had been inherited from earlier writers,—writers whose works had been accepted as classics.”
  • The monks who were not yet competent to work as scribes were to be instructed by the others.”
  • The copying of books was also slow, tedious, and very time-consuming; it took years for a scribe to complete “a particularly fine manuscript with colored initials and miniature art work.”
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • it is, therefore, no surprise that monks sometimes jotted remarks about their frustration and relief in the margins, or the colophons, of their manuscripts. Examples of these remarks included “Thin ink, bad vellum, difficult text,” “Thank God, it will soon be dark,” and “Now I’ve written the whole thing: for Christ’s sake give me a drink.”
  • Garth Holman on 03 Feb 13
     
    A more difficult read, but explains the life of Monks, Medieval Scribes and other middlemen.  
Lily S

The Medieval Church - 0 views

www.mce.k12tn.net/...church.htm

Quest 3 medieval church

shared by Lily S on 07 Feb 13 - Cached
  • very rich and powerful
  • organized like a government with laws
  • job of praying for everyone else.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • Monks were often teachers who taught noble children
  • Some even had the
  • Almost all
  • made of stone
  • provided spiritual guidance and a place were people could get an education
  • The windows would tell bible stories and the lives of the saints
  • Monks lived in monasteries or abbeys. They worked and prayed. Women could also serve a religious life as a nun
  • Lily S on 07 Feb 13
     
    A good website on the Medieval Church
Garth Holman

Medieval Castle History - 0 views

www.medieval-castles.net/...index.htm

shared by Garth Holman on 21 Feb 13 - Cached
  • there was an explosion of castle construction as feudal lords sought to consolidate their power and provide fortresses for the inhabitants of their kingdoms.
  • Research shows that castles served a very utilitarian role in feudal society. It was protector, visible landmark, and source of pride among many communities.
  • William the Conqueror, from Normandy, France, invaded England in 1066 and changed the medieval landscape forever. Medieval societies soon witnessed the erection of stone towers and walls in every country. Simple Norman donjons evolved into more elaborate strongholds with towering walls, defensive systems and could house sometimes thousands of people.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Military tactics centered on the taking of castles, and weapon technology improved over the centuries to exploit any weakness that could be found in castle architecture. It wasn't until the late 1600s, when gunpowder and artillery became more effective, that the castle became obsolete.
  • Garth Holman on 21 Feb 13
     
    Great site for History, defenses, architecture and castle life.  
Lauren M

Medieval Code of Chivalry - 2 views

www.castles.me.uk/medieval-code-chivalry.htm

shared by Lauren M on 24 Jan 12 - Cached
  • Lauren M on 24 Jan 12
     
    The Medieval Code of ChivalryThere was not an authentic Medieval Code of Chivalry as such - it was a moral system which went beyond rules of combat and introduced the concept of Chivalrous conduct - qualities idealized by knighthood, such as bravery, courtesy, honor, and gallantry toward women.
  • Shai y on 24 Jan 12
     
    very helpful!
Cameron G.

Guide to Life on a Medieval Manor - 0 views

www.protopage.com/middlemanor

manor medieval Middleages

shared by Cameron G. on 19 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Cameron G. on 19 Jan 12
     
    This has a great picture that visually explains a medieval manor and it's contents. It also gives some good information. Check it out! 
Maya G

Medieval Manors - 2 views

www.middle-ages.org.uk/medieval-manors.htm

manor

shared by Maya G on 18 Jan 12 - Cached
  • Medieval manors varied in size but were typically small holdings of between 1200 - 1800 acres. Every noble had at least one manor; great nobles might have several manors, usually scattered throughout the country;
  • A substantial number of manors (estimated by value at 17% in England in 1086) belonged directly to the king. An even greater proportion (rather more than a quarter) were held by bishoprics and monasteries.
  • A manor was the district over which a lord had domain and could exercise certain rights and privileges in medieval England. A typical manor would include a Manor House which was built apart from the village where the peasants lived.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Servant: Servants were house peasants who worked in the lord's manor house, doing the cooking, cleaning, laundering, and other household chores
  • Peasant or Villein - A peasant or villein was a low status tenant who worked as an agricultural worker or laborer. A peasant or villein usually cultivated 20-40 acres of land
Ben K.

Medieval Castle Life - 0 views

www.castles.me.uk/medieval-castle-life.htm

castle life

shared by Ben K. on 02 Feb 12 - Cached
  • THE CHAPELThe importance of religion in Medieval life is illustrated with the incorporation of a Chapel within the castle
  • THE GREAT HALL
  • The room in the castle called the Great Hall was intended for the main meeting and dining area and used by everyone who lived in the castle. The life of the castle revolved around this room. All of the meals were served in this room. Pages and servants waited on the tables. Servants ensured the Hall was cleaned, the fires were laid, the lighting was adequate. Entertainment was a major feature of Medieval castle life with music, dancing, masques, jugglers, acrobats, jesters, plays etc. Heralds, or Harkers, would present all visitors. The Steward supervised the events in the Great Hall. 
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • 'Knight School!
  • THE WARDROBE
  • costly,
  • jewels, coins, furs, spices, and plates.
    • Ben K.
      Ben K. on 02 Feb 12
       
      This is a good website to find out a lot about life in a cast for quest four.
Garth Holman

Medieval Gothic Cathedrals - 0 views

www.medieval-spell.com/edieval-Gothic-Cathedrals.html

cathedrals gothic churches

shared by Garth Holman on 07 Feb 12 - Cached
  • Over the centuries, the splendor of these sacred structures has inspired believers, poets, painters and writers alike. The Medieval Gothic Cathedrals are the most beautiful religious buildings the Christian World has created. Their breathtaking material appearance is a symbol of the Christian faith, as they literally try to reach heaven. Their orientation East-West is an expression of man's advancement towards God. Entering the cathedral from the West, you are surrounded by symbols. First, is the pattern of the labyrinth in the floor stone. What else then a Labyrinth life is? Going towards East, you leave the Labyrinth behind and start feeling the spirituality replacing the material, as you advance through the Nave, guided by the surreal light coming from the stained glass windows. In the end, you reach the eastern end chapels. There, closer to the raising sun (God), is the place of praying and profound meditation.
John Woodbridge

How a Medieval Philosopher Dreamed Up the 'Multiverse' - Yahoo News - 0 views

news.yahoo.com/amed-multiverse-115848565.html

shared by John Woodbridge on 03 Apr 14 - No Cached
  • written by a philosopher named Robert Grosseteste — into English. Grosseteste was "one of the most dazzling minds of his generation, lauded by his successors as a mathematical genius, theologian, politician and church leader; he was the bishop of Lincoln from 1235-53,"
  • In Grosseteste's time, the dominant cosmological model was the one developed mainly by the Greek philosopher Aristotle. He postulated that there were nine planets (called spheres), one inside the other, with planet Earth at the center.
  • In De Luce, Grosseteste assumed that the universe was born from an explosion that pushed everything, matter and light, out from a single point — an idea that is strikingly similar to the modern Big Bang theory.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • matter and light were linked together
  • rapid expansion
  • light-matter crystallizing and forming the outermost sphere — the so-called "firmament" — of the medieval cosmos.
  • The medieval philosopher realized this problem, too. To deal with it, he added an extra reason to explain why there were "exactly nine celestial spheres plus one, an 'imperfect' Earth," Bower said.
  • John Woodbridge on 03 Apr 14
     
    Science
Kanrry K

Medieval Tournaments - 1 views

www.medieval-life-and-times.info/...medieval-tournaments.htm

Middleages Tournaments

shared by Kanrry K on 17 Feb 15 - Cached
  • Kanrry K on 17 Feb 15
     
    Good website for tournaments.
bw21dcs

Gargoyles - 0 views

www.medieval-life-and-times.info/...gargoyles.htm

shared by bw21dcs on 14 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Gargoyles were usually carved in the form of a grotesque face, figure or frightening creature projecting from a roof gutter. Gargoyles were painted and some were even gilded. Gargoyles might depicted any number of grotesque images including:Ugly human facesAnimalsMythical creaturesImaginary creaturesGargoyles combining several animals are also referred to as chimeras
  • ?What is the purpose of Gargoyles? The first is a practical purpose - gargoyles provided a method of drainage which protected the stones and the mortar of churches, cathedrals and castles from erosion. The number of Gargoyles added to buildings were numerous because dividing the flow of water minimized potential water damage.  The second purpose of gargoyles was as 'guardians' of the buildings in the form of abstract symbols designed to represent, and to ward off evil.
  • Gargoyles all have a common theme, they are carved with big wide-open mouths. Whilst this was a practical, functional and necessary requirement of gargoyles creatures and images with mouths wide open are symbolic of devouring giants. And lets be honest, how could Medieval stone masons make anything look beautiful when it has to be displayed with a big wide-open mouth!
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Perhaps the Medieval church wanted to convey a terrifying impression of hell and enforce that there was safety and sanctity inside the church. The devil would be a most inappropriate, and totally unorthodox, image to allow on a church - fantastic gargoyles, would, however have a similar, terrifying psychological effect.
  • Gothic architecture is characterized by stained-glass windows, flying buttresses, tall spires, the Gothic arch or pointed arch and Gothic Gargoyles. Gothic Architecture is the term used to describe the style of architecture which were used between 1200 AD to 1500 AD.
  • In Architectural terms only the creature serving as actual water spout is called a Gargoyle, otherwise is it known as a Grotesque. A grotesque may function solely as decoration.
    • bw21dcs
      bw21dcs on 22 Feb 16
       
      There is a difference between gargoyles and grotesques.
Garth Holman

Medicine - 1 views

medieval-life.net/medicine.htm

Quest4 Medicine

shared by Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • Arabic anatomical and pharmaceutical knowledge, far greater in scope than that of medieval Europe's learning, was quickly assimilated
  • Isolation of the sick and contagious was commonplace and possibly the greatest step taken in medieval medicine.
  • Hospitals began to be built in Europe during the 13th century
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Bleeding and the use of leeches to draw "bad blood" from the patient were typical. Some surgeries were performed to cure patients of hernias, cataracts, for the removal of gallstones. Surgery was often more precarious than the actual problem. Folk cures and poultices made from herbs were options for the peasant class. There were those who would risk being called "witch" to provide these remedies, although many found themselves tied to a burning stake.
  • the Church was often called to exorcise demons and say prayers and incantations over the patient.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16
       
      When all else fails turn to the Church! 
  • Garth Holman on 09 Feb 16
     
    Medicine, no aspirin for a headache, lets try blood letting:)
  • Garth Holman on 11 Feb 16
     
    Medicine, no aspirin for a headache, lets try blood letting:)
  • Garth Holman on 11 Feb 16
     
    Medicine, no aspirin for a headache, lets try blood letting:)
Alexander AER

What is another name historians give to the "middle ages"? - Yahoo! Answers - 1 views

answers.yahoo.com/...index

7th SocialStudies Medieval

shared by Alexander AER on 20 Dec 11 - No Cached
  • Generally, the Middle Ages, or Medieval Era (means the same thing), runs from the fall of Rome to the fall of Constantinople. There's considerable disagreement about the "Dark Ages": almost every reputable modern history book rejects this term. With new research, scholars have shown that the popular mythos built up regarding the so-called Dark Ages is completely false. Most of the common people had decent living standards, including sanitation and bathing (which did not go out of fashion until after the Black Death), science and scientific discoveries, and even today studies are proving that many of the old herbals were correct in their observations.
  • Alexander AER on 20 Dec 11
     
    Generally, the Middle Ages, or Medieval Era (means the same thing), runs from the fall of Rome to the fall of Constantinople. There's considerable disagreement about the "Dark Ages": almost every reputable modern history book rejects this term. With new research, scholars have shown that the popular mythos built up regarding the so-called Dark Ages is completely false. Most of the common people had decent living standards, including sanitation and bathing (which did not go out of fashion until after the Black Death), science and scientific discoveries, and even today studies are proving that many of the old herbals were correct in their observations.
alove_

Black Death burials reveal the diversity of London's medieval population - Medievalists... - 1 views

www.medievalists.net/...of-londons-medieval-population

medieval europe london diverstiy middle ages black death

shared by alove_ on 10 Sep 19 - No Cached
  • Their findings reveal that while most of the population would be classified as European, close to thirty percent were found to have some heritage outside of Europe – sometimes cases of dual heritage.
  • Many of the African peoples in Europe during this period would have been slaves or at least the descendants of slaves.The authors note that previous research suggests that between they years 1100 and 1400 an average of 5500 people per year were being transported from Africa to Europe through the trans-Saharan slave trade network. Others would have arrived in Europe in various capacities – ambassadors, pilgrims, musicians, soldiers and craftsmen.
  • Other research has found that medieval London was very diverse.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Documentary sources revealed the presence of at least 17,376 individuals of foreign origin were in London between the years 1336 and 1584, as far away as Iceland and India.
  • New research on people buried in London during the Black Death suggests that the city’s population was more diverse than currently believed, including the presence of people with African heritage.
Garth Holman

KALAMAZOO 2011: Session 47 - Thursday, May 12: The Sacred and the Secular in Medieval H... - 0 views

www.medievalists.net/...l-healing-i-images-and-objects

medieval religion middleages

shared by Garth Holman on 19 Jan 13 - No Cached
  • An example of an object used in daily worship was a board with pilgrim badges attached to it; these were homemade pieces made by the poor.
  • “Do-It-Yourself” reliquaries were also popular. A hollow cage of soft metal could be pulled open then the pilgrim chose and placed their own relic inside. Lockets, chains, and brooches were increasingly popular as portable and personal reliquary. There were also rattles, whistles, horns and bells sold at Churches and these were often used in processions. Some were inscribed with inscriptions to Mary and
  • Garth Holman on 19 Jan 13
     
    Higher level reading on the daily religion practice by the poor of soicety
John Woodbridge

Medieval beliefs about sin and forgiveness » English Lit Resources from Cross... - 1 views

www.crossref-it.info/...iefs-about-sin-and-forgiveness

Quest 5 Religion

shared by John Woodbridge on 12 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Sin, in Christian teaching, consists of disobedience to the known will of God
  • Medieval Church inherited and taught the doctrine of original sin, the belief that all human beings share in collective guilt as a result of the disobedience of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden in the Fall of Humankind, together with an ongoing predisposition to disobey God
  • needed to be cleansed through baptism
  • ...18 more annotations...
  • taking part in this, believers symbolically shared in the victory paid for – and won by - Christ over the power of sin (known as the atonement).
  • Celebrating mass
  • Everyone
  • sermons that people learnt Bible
  • few laypeople had direct access to the text of the Bible.
  • Sermons had several functions:
  • The idea of purgatory was based on the obvious fact that most people are neither extremely good nor extremely evil.
  • To educate people about the Christian faith and the Church’s rituals and practices To make known the contents of the Bible, the Church’s interpretations of the Bible, and also the lives of saints To help people understand the system of confession and to prepare for their confession to their parish priest in a careful way To explain about sin and virtues.
  • Venial sins were relatively small faults and shortcomings. The individual could confess these privately to God Mortal, or ‘deadly’, sins were wrong acts committed consciously and deliberately. They therefore placed the soul in serious danger and the Church taught that, in normal circumstances, they could only be forgiven through the sacrament of penance and by confession to a priest.
  • believed that being too absorbed in the life of the body and material things was bad for the soul.
  • The simple food monks and nuns were supposed to keep to The regular fasting periods that all Christians observed during the Church year.
  • repentance means the person wants to turn away from undertaking wrong behaviour and actively decides to do so henceforward.
  • The priest would hear the confession and talk to the penitent to ascertain that they truly repented and resolved to do better in future. The priest then pronounced absolution, declaring that Christ forgave the sins of the truly repentant.
  • Penance  This means an action which demonstrates that someone has repented of their sins. The priest might order a penitent, for example, to do one of the following for a period: Go on pilgrimage Fast (abstain from food) Donate alms to the Church or the poor.
  • knowledge of the Christian faith came, above all, from preaching and teaching, week by week from parish priests.
  • people,
  • would not go straight to heaven after death either. Instead, they would spend a period in the spiritual state of purgatory where they could ‘pay for’ / atone for sins committed on earth
  • It was believed that, whilst still alive, people could undertake deeds that would speed either themselves (in the future) or a dead friend or relative through this process
  • John Woodbridge on 12 Feb 13
     
    Discussion of sin, celebration of mass, importance of a sermon, confession, repentance, confession, penance, and purgatory
Garth Holman

Medieval Art and Art History - 0 views

www.arthistory.net/...medievalart1.html

art history middleage art

shared by Garth Holman on 13 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • The medieval period of art history spans from the fall of the Roman Empire in 300 AD to the beginning of the Renaissance in 1400 AD
  • he Catholic Church financed many projects, and the oldest examples of Christian art survive in the Roman catacombs, or burial crypts beneath the city.
  • Medieval artists decorated churches and works for public appreciation using classical themes. For example, Roman mosaics made of small stone cubes called tesserae offered Christian scenery.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Early Christian mosaics used muted colors like classical mosaics, but in the fourth century, mosaicists moved to brighter colors and patterns.
  • Romanesque architecture symbolized the growing wealth of European cities and the power of Church monasteries.
  • The Gothic style developed in the middle of the twelfth century and is named after the Goths who ruled France.
  • Human forms such as the Madonna and Baby Jesus evolve from large heads on small bodies in Early Christianity to abstract forms in the Romanesque era. In the Gothic era, the Madonna and Child are more naturalistic with tall, bony figures.
‹ Previous 21 - 40 of 210 Next › Last »
Showing 20▼ items per page