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Garth Holman

Bubonic Plague, the Black Death - 1 views

www.edochess.ca/...plague.html

quest10 blackdeath

shared by Garth Holman on 09 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Garth Holman on 09 Mar 15
     
    First person accounts of the Plague.
Garth Holman

Shipwreck found in Black Sea is 'world's oldest intact' - BBC News - 0 views

www.bbc.com/...world-europe-45951132

Greece Rome Trade Traderoute

shared by Garth Holman on 23 Oct 18 - No Cached
  • Garth Holman on 23 Oct 18
     
    Holds wine from Greece.
Zoe K

Ancient Greece - Ancient History - HISTORY.com - 2 views

www.history.com/...ancient-greece

history greece ancient

shared by Zoe K on 29 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Greece refers to the time three centuries before the classical age, between 800 B.C. and 500 B.C.
  • Archaic Greece saw advances in art, poetry and technology, but most of all it was the age in which the polis, or city-state, was invented.
  • They developed governments and organized their citizens according to some sort of constitution or set of laws.
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • These people monopolized political power.
  • They all had economies that were based on agriculture, not trade
  • (For example, they refused to let ordinary people serve on councils or assemblies.
  • The colonial migrations of the Archaic period had an important effect on its art and literature
  • They also monopolized the best farmland, and some even claimed to be descended from the gods. Because “the poor with their wives and children were enslaved to the rich and had no political rights,”
  • Land was the most important source of wealth in the city-states;
  • And every one of these city-states (known as poleis) was said to be protected by a particular god or goddess, to whom the citizens of the polis owed a great deal of reverence, respect and sacrifice.
  • These leaders were known as tyrants.
  • As time passed and their populations grew, many of these agricultural city-states began to produce consumer goods such as pottery, cloth, wine and metalwork.
  • a relatively sophisticated period in world history.
  • The polis became the defining feature of Greek political life for hundreds of years.
  • During the so-called “Greek Dark Ages” before the Archaic period, people lived scattered throughout Greece in small farming villages. As they grew larger, these villages began to evolve. Some built walls.
  • Each of these poleis was an independent city-state. In this way, the colonies of the Archaic period were different from other colonies we are familiar with: The people who lived there were not ruled by or bound to the city-states from which they came. The new poleis were self-governing and self-sufficient.
  • Between 750 B.C. and 600 B.C., Greek colonies sprang up from the Mediterranean to Asia Minor, from North Africa to the coast of the Black Sea. By the end of the seventh century B.C., there were more than 1,500 colonial poleis.
    • Yang Y
      Yang Y on 29 Sep 15
       
      The oligarchs' power was greater than anyone else's.
  • Zoe K on 30 Sep 15
     
    facts about ancient greece
Garth Holman

The Renaissance at mrdowling.com - 3 views

www.mrdowling.com/704renaissance.html

shared by Garth Holman on 16 Apr 12 - Cached
  • About 1450
  • Renaissance is a French word that means "rebirth."
  • beginning of modern history.
  • ...22 more annotations...
  • flowering in literature
  • painting, sculpture, and architecture. Paintings became more realistic and focused less often on religious topics.
  • began in northern Italy
  • Arab scholars preserved the writings of the ancient Greeks in their libraries. When the Italian cities traded with the Arabs, ideas were exchanged along with goods. These ideas, preserved from the ancient past, served as the basis of the Renaissance.
  • William Shakespeare.
  • Crusaders returned to Europe with a newfound understanding of the world.
  • The invention of the printing press encouraged literacy and helped to spread new ideas.
  • Wealthy families and the church had amassed enough wealth to become patrons.
  • The development of financial techniques such as bookkeeping and credit allowed merchants to
  • prosper
  • studying the world around them.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 16 Apr 12
       
      What does the term Rebirth mean?  Imply?  SO the Renaissance was a WHAT? 
    • Rose h
      Rose h on 16 Apr 12
       
      The beginning of a new age, 
    • Margo L
      Margo L on 16 Apr 12
       
      Whats a turk???
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 08 Apr 13
       
      A Turk is a person from Modern Turkey.  They divide the European/Christian world from the Middle East and Asia (Arab/Islamic) 
    • agriffin a
      agriffin a on 08 Apr 14
       
      the term re birth means a new life or to start over from scratch.
    • gpinhasi g
      gpinhasi g on 08 Apr 14
       
      Why did the Europeans became more interested in the World around them?
    • jgreen j
      jgreen j on 08 Apr 14
       
      Because the world around them was very interesting.
    • jdanielpour j
      jdanielpour j on 08 Apr 14
       
      The reason why Europeans all the sudden are now curious and are now investigating the world around them is that after the black death and the crusades, people became more humanist and farther away from religion, so this causes two things: First, religion was keeping others from wondering what everything is, (since religion would make an answer for the questions people had,) keeping everyone together in one place. Second, Christianity at that time had a pretty bad relationship with Muslims, so now that people aren't letting their Religion tell them what to do, people will go past those religious laws for the sack of curiosity.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 16 Apr 12
       
      So, who do we thank for saving the knowledge of Ancient Greece and Rome?  Who helped make our world? 
    • Lance C
      Lance C on 09 Apr 13
       
      The muslims
    • Jack Z
      Jack Z on 09 Apr 13
       
      The Arabs
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 16 Apr 12
       
      What does the word Patron mean?  Look it up.   How did art change?  How did MONEY impact society? 
    • glever g
      glever g on 08 Apr 14
       
      A Patron is like an EMPLOYER they pay you with MONEY as compared to an item or land to do a task
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 16 Apr 12
       
      Here we have four causes.  What do they really say is happening?  In your own words. 
    • Hannah K
      Hannah K on 16 Apr 12
       
      The idea of investing
  • Rich families became patrons and commissioned great art. Artists advanced the Renaissance style of showing nature and depicting the feelings of people.
  • Crusaders returned to Europe with a newfound understanding of the world. The invention of the printing press encouraged literacy and helped to spread new ideas. Wealthy families and the church had amassed enough wealth to become patrons. The development of financial techniques such as bookkeeping and credit allowed merchants to prosper
    • Yuke Z
      Yuke Z on 17 Apr 12
       
      Cultural Diffusion
    • Yuke Z
      Yuke Z on 17 Apr 12
       
      Replaced illuminated manuscripts. Took much less time to use printing press, which means, more books and ideas could be spread
    • bsafenovitz b
      bsafenovitz b on 07 Apr 14
       
      So more money could be made in a faster time
    • Yuke Z
      Yuke Z on 17 Apr 12
       
      Banking is invented. Instead of breaking the stick, now there is bookkeeping.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 07 Apr 14
       
      If the Middle Ages are sometimes called the "DARK AGES", why is the Phrase "DAWN of a New Age" so important? 
    • mberkley m
      mberkley m on 07 Apr 14
       
      I think the "DAWN" means that the "New Age" is going to be a better and nicer time for people and the world will be calmer that before
    • glever g
      glever g on 08 Apr 14
       
      I believe the "DAWN" means an enlightening of minds
    • jdanielpour j
      jdanielpour j on 08 Apr 14
       
      Since the dark ages are now over, and now it's the "DAWN" of a new age, this could imply that, the "DARK AGES," was the night/hibernation of technology and/or knowledge and information, and now that it is now the "DAWN," we could infer that this could mean that technology and knowledge, are awakening.
    • nshore n
      nshore n on 08 Apr 14
       
      I think "DAWN" probably means the beginning of change in Europe. Everything from art to government transforms into new ideas for a new era. 
  • Garth Holman on 16 Apr 12
     
    Renkaissance
dcs-armstrong

Middle Ages for Kids: Knight's Coat of Arms - 0 views

www.ducksters.com/...knight_coat_of_arms.php

middle middleages medieval coatofarms

shared by dcs-armstrong on 26 Jan 18 - No Cached
  • Red was the color of a warrior and nobility. Other colors included blue for truth and sincerity, black for piety and knowledge, and green for hope and joy. The colors in heraldry are called tinctures.
  • the lion stood for majesty and strength, the elephant for wit and ambition, the boar for courage and ferocity, and the sun for power and glory.
  • Knights and nobles in the Middle Ages often had a coat of arms.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • "heraldry"
  • coat of arms was used to distinguish one knight from another. When a knight had on his full armor, including plate mail and helmet, even his friends couldn't recognize him. Because of this, knights began to paint symbols on their shields.
  • job of people called heralds to keep track of the different coats of arms.
  • A coat of arms belonged to the family of the knight. He would pass the coat of arms down to his eldest son.
  • Knights and nobles in the Middle Ages often had a coat of arms.
    • dcs-armstrong
      dcs-armstrong on 13 Feb 20
       
      Peasants did NOT have their own coat of arms
    • dcs-armstrong
      dcs-armstrong on 13 Feb 20
       
      Peasants did NOT have their own coat of arms.
  • original coats of arms had fairly simple designs
  • As there became more and more
  • designs became more complicated in order for each one to be unique.
Paige W

BBC - History - Ancient History in depth: The Democratic Experiment - 1 views

www.bbc.co.uk/...greekdemocracy_01.shtml

greece ancientgreece 7thgradehistory democracy athens

shared by Paige W on 29 Sep 15 - Cached
  • Take politics for example: apart from the word itself (from polis, meaning city-state or community) many of the other basic political terms in our everyday vocabulary are borrowed from the ancient Greeks: monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, oligarchy and - of course - democracy.
  • demokratia
  • It meant literally 'people-power'
  • ...69 more annotations...
  • The Greek word demos could mean either
  • Was it all the people
  • Or only some of the people
  • There's a theory that the word demokratia was coined by democracy's enemies, members of the rich and aristocratic elite who did not like being outvoted by the common herd, their social and economic inferiors.
  • By the time of Aristotle (fourth century BC) there were hundreds of Greek democracies. Greece in those times was not a single political entity but rather a collection of some 1,500 separate poleis or 'cities' scattered round the Mediterranean and Black Sea shores 'like frogs around a pond', as Plato once charmingly put it.
  • cities that were not democracies
  • power was in the hands of the few richest citizens
  • monarchies, called 'tyrannies' in cases where the sole ruler had usurped power by force rather than inheritanc
  • most stable,
  • most long-lived,
  • most radical, was Athens.
  • origin of the Athenian democracy of the fifth and fourth centuries can be traced back to Solon,
  • flourished
  • 600 BC.
  • was a poet and a wise statesman
  • but not - contrary to later myth - a democrat.
  • Solon's constitutional reform package that laid the basis on which democracy could be pioneered
  • Cleisthenes was the son of an Athenian, but the grandson and namesake of a foreign Greek tyrant
  • also the brother-in-law of the Athenian tyrant, Peisistratus,
  • eized power three times
  • before finally establishing a stable and apparently benevolent dictatorship.
    • Paige W
      Paige W on 29 Sep 15
       
      Interesting insight on the beginning of democracy.
  • nder this political system that Athens successfully resisted the Persian onslaughts of 490 and 480/79
  • victory in turn encouraged the poorest Athenians to demand a greater say in the running of their city
  • Ephialtes and Pericles presided over a radicalisation of power that shifted the balance decisively to the poorest sections of society
  • he democratic Athens that won and lost an empire,
  • built the Parthenon,
  • eschylus, Sophocles,
  • Euripides and Aristophanes
  • laid the foundations of western rational and critical thought
  • was not, of course, without internal critics
  • when Athens had been weakened by the catastrophic Peloponnesian War (431-404) these critics got their chance
  • n 411 and again in 404 Athenian oligarchs led counter-revolutions that replaced democracy with extreme oligarchy
  • oligarchs were supported by Athens's old enemy, Sparta
  • mpossible to maintain themselves in power
  • democracy was restored
  • 'blips' such as the trial of Socrates - the restored Athenian democracy flourished stably and effectively for another 80 years
  • There were no proper population censuses in ancient Athens,
  • total population of fifth-century Athens, including its home territory of Attica, at around 250,000 - men, women and children, free and unfree, enfranchised and disenfranchised. Of those
  • 250,000 some 30,000 on average were fully paid-up citizens -
  • adult males of Athenian birth and full status
  • second key difference is the level of participation.
  • representative
  • we choose politicians to rule for us
  • Athenian
  • democracy
  • was direct
  • and in-your-face.
  • most officials and all jurymen were selected by lot.
  • This was thought to be the democratic way, since election favoured the rich, famous and powerful over the ordinary citizen.
  • mid fifth century, office holders, jurymen, members of the city's main administrative Council of 500, and even Assembly attenders were paid a small sum from public funds to compensate them for time spent on political service away from field or workshop.
  • eligibility
  • adult male citizens need apply for the privileges and duties of democratic government, and a birth criterion of double descent - from an Athenian mother as well as father -
  • Athenian democracy did not happen only in the Assembly and Council. The courts were also essentially political spaces, located symbolically right at the centre of the city.
  • defined the democratic citizen as the man 'who has a share in (legal) judgment and office'.
  • Athenian drama,
  • was a fundamentally political activity as well,
  • One distinctively Athenian democratic practice that aroused the special ire of the system's critics was the practice of ostracism -
  • potsherd
  • rom the Greek word for
  • decide which leading politician should be exiled for ten years
  • on a piece of broken pottery.
  • voters scratched or painted the name of their preferred candidate
  • 6,000 citizens had to 'vote' for an ostracism to be valid,
  • biggest
  • political
  • risked being fried
  • For almost 100 years ostracism fulfilled its function of aborting serious civil unrest or even civil war
  • Power to the people, all the people, especially the poor majority, remained the guiding principle of Athenian democracy.
  • Paige W on 29 Sep 15
     
    About of Greek Democracy
dcs-armstrong

Peasant Life In The Middle Ages - The Finer Times - 1 views

www.thefinertimes.com/easant-life-in-the-middle-ages

middleages medieval

shared by dcs-armstrong on 09 Feb 22 - No Cached
  • Peasant life in the Middle Ages was noticeably difficult. Families and entire villages were exposed to disease, war and generally a life of poverty.
  • most people across Europe were peasants or “velleins”
  • worked in the vast stretches of lands owned by the local lords
  • ...28 more annotations...
  • very little known about the detailed life of peasants in Europe because the lords and the clergy did not keep records of the peasants
  • only
  • early records were concerning
  • duties
  • peasants owed their masters
  • slaves and serfs.
  • manors were divided into two:
  • Those who were full time servants would work every day of the week and would get a break to attend Mass on Sundays. Peasants were forbidden from leaving the lord’s manor without seeking permission. The condition of serfdom was hereditary and one would be tied to his master unless he saved enough to purchase some land or if he married a free person.  At the end of the twelfth century, the ties that bound peasants to their masters began to loosen.
  • Peasant life in the Middle Ages was confined to the manors,
  • The lords had great influence over the lives of the peasants;
  • Majority of the peasants worked three days a week in their lord’s land but they would work longer during the harvest and plantation periods
  • was where the peasants worked, tilled the land, planted and harvested on
  • he Church offered help to the neediest peasants in the form of food and necessities.
  • behalf of the lord
  • he peasants would receive a larger piece of land as long as they adhered to the condition that they work on the lord’s land before working on their own.
  • The plows and horses were so few and the peasants themselves spent the entire day working in the “demense”.
  • peasant also tended to the horses and cattle in meadows
  • Most peasants did not do much other than working, going to church and the occasional celebration.
  • hardly travelled outside their villages but they did have a sense of community amongst themselves
  • Peasant life was generally marked by having few possessions in the home
  • houses were basic shacks with benches, stools, wooden cups, bowls and spoons. Most households had a chest of drawers where the family would keep their valuable items. Peasants hardly slept on beds; they slept on straw mattresses on the floor. Given that they had few possessions even in terms of personal attires, they typically slept with their work apparels and covered themselves with animal skin.
  • Women
  • a small garden behind their house.
  • one part of the land, the “demense”
  • Church was also a source of education mainly for the peasant’s children who attended the local school that was part of the church. The peasants looked to the priests for baptism, marriage, and performance of last rites for the dying.  Christianity guided the moral decisions that peasant men and women made in their day-to-day life.
  • Education was meager and only available to a select group of boys.
  • young girls helped with chores in the house and they were married off as soon as they attained maturity; this was usually at the young age of thirteen or sixteen years.
  • Societal and economic development saw the rapid rise of cities and towns. As the ties between serfs and their masters became lose, the peasants were able to rent land and some even migrated to the towns. Catastrophes such as the Black Death, a plague that killed thousands of peasants made it difficult for lords to find peasants to work in their farms.
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