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Overview: I will be talking to specifics of HIPAA and the emergency room setting, do's and don'ts as well as dispelling myth vs reality. This lesson will be addressing how compliance officers need to get their HIPAA house in order as HIPAA is now fully enforced and the government is not using kid gloves any more. It will also address major changes under the Omnibus Rule and any other applicable updates for 2016 and beyond. There are an enormous amount of issues and risks for hospitals these days especially with the new legislation involving patient cash remedies for wrongful disclosure. I will speak on specific experiences from over 17 years of experience in working as an outsourced compliance auditor, expert witness on HIPAA cases within the ER, and thoroughly explain how patients are now able to get cash remedies for wrongful disclosures of private health information. More importantly I will show you how to limit those risks by simply taking proactive steps and utilizing best practices. Why should you Attend: What can and can't we do in the hectic emergency room with patient information? What are the new liabilities involved? How can we ensure security but also ensure patient care? This once rarely enforced law has changed and you need to know What's going on! What factors might spurn a HIPAA audit? …are you doing these things? Why are the Feds enforcing after all these years? State laws are now also more strict increasing liability for patient remedies! We will be discussing some of the changes taking place in Washington with the Health and Human Services in regards to the enforcement of the HIPAA laws already on the books. I will go over some of the new changes specifically affecting the emergency room setting I will also be discussing factors might cause an unwanted visit or letter from the Office of Civil Rights and how to prepare for a potential audit Areas Covered in the Session: Updates for Omnibus Emergency Room Do's and Don'ts in the ER Ambulato

Overview: This lesson will be going into great detail regarding your practice or business information technology and how it relates to the HIPAA Security Rule, in particular portable devices. Areas covered will be texting, email, encryption, medical messaging, voice data and risk factors as they relate to IT. I will uncover myths versus reality as it relates to this very enigmatic law based on over 600 risk assessments performed as well as years of experience in dealing directly with the Office of Civil Rights HIPAA auditors. I will also speak to real life audits conducted by the Federal government (I've been on both sides of these audits) what your highest risks are for being fined (some of the risk factors may surprise you). In addition this course will cover the highest risk factors for being sued for wrongful disclosures of PHI and the manner in which patients are now using state laws to sue for wrongful disclosures. Don't always believe what you read online about HIPAA, especially as it relates to encryption and IT, there are a lot of groups selling more than is necessarily required. Why should you Attend: HIPAA NOW HAS TEETH! Be prepared for what's new in 2016! Protect your practice or business! what factors might spurn a HIPAA audit? …are you doing these things? Why are the Feds enforcing after all these years? It is important to understand the new changes going on at Health and Human Services as it relates to enforcement of HIPAA for both covered entities and business associates as it relates to portable devices, texting, and emailing of PHI. You need to know how to avoid being low hanging in terms of audit risk as well as being sued by individuals who have had their PHI wrongfully discloses due to bad IT practices. I have also been expert witness on multiple court cases where a business or medical practice is being sued for not doing their due diligence to minimize risk. Areas Covered in the Session: Updates for 2016 BYOD Portable devices B

Overview: One of the major requirements of the health care organization to be HIPAA compliant is to develop and implement a set of HIPAA privacy and security policies and procedures. This can be a daunting task for those not knowing where to start and what a set of HIPAA privacy and security policies and procedures should look like. For the cost conscious health care organization, the HIPAA policies and procedures can have multiple uses: first, they can become a basis for training the health care organization workforce; second, they can be used as a basis for conducting a HIPAA self-assessment; and third, they can be used to demonstrate due diligence should there be a breach or an externalHIPAA compliance audit. In today's world it is not necessary that the health care organization spend significant funds to develop a set of HIPAA privacy and security policies and procedures from scratch. The health care organization can likely find templates on the internet that can be used as a starting point to customize HIPAA policies and procedures to be unique for the health care organization. The preparation of a well-documented set of HIPAA policies and procedures needs to be addressed through the development of Privacy and Security policies and procedures that address each of the requirements shown in the HIPAA regulations as amended by the HITECH law and the final Omnibus Regulations. The process of developing the HIPAA privacy and security policies and procedures also provides a reference for the health care organization how to consider the security addressable and required regulation requirements. Why should you attend: There are three situations where having a set of HIPAA policies and procedures are needed: First, the policies and procedures become a good reference to ensure that all areas are addressed for becoming HIPAA compliant. Second, the HIPAA regulations REQUIRE covered entities and business associates to have a set of policies and procedures directing

Overview: The primary goal of this session is to demonstrate why the health care organization needs to perform a risk assessment and how to perform the risk assessment. This includes a description of the types of breaches of protected health information that have already occurred and the reasons those breaches happened. The presentation then provides that reasons that a risk assessment is required in a health care organization and who needs to perform the assessment. There are a number of approaches available both for purchase on the web and performed by professionals on site. This discussion helps the participant determine which approach is best for their health care organization and what portions of the assessment are most important to the organization. The topic addresses the key components of a risk assessment and how to perform the risk assessment. This includes how to define the specific risks, how to know, how to assess the likelihood and impact of the risk and the final determination on the level of severity of the risk for the organization. Finally, the session explains how to interpret the results of the risk assessment, how to use the results of the risk assessment for preparing the health care organization's policies and procedures and how to conduct the HIPAA training for its staff. Why should you attend: In addition to the negative publicity and potential fines, a breach of a patient's health information often leads to litigation which is also time consuming and costly. The way to avoid these situations is to perform a Risk Assessment to understand where the health care organization is risk of an unauthorized breach and provide a basis for becoming HIPAA compliant. There are three reasons why a Risk Assessment is necessary: First, both the HIPAA Privacy and Security Regulations require a Risk Assessment for the organization to be HIPAA compliant Second, as a result of the Risk Assessment the organization knows where it needs to address its effo

Overview: I will be talking to specifics of HIPAA in the hospital setting, , do's and don'ts as well as dispelling myth vs reality. This lesson will be addressing how compliance officers need to get their HIPAA house in order as HIPAA is now fully enforced and the government is not using kid gloves any more. It will also address major changes under the Omnibus Rule and any other applicable updates for 2016 and beyond. There are an enormous amount of issues and risks for hospitals these days especially with the new legislation involving patient cash remedies for wrongful disclosure. I will speak on specific experiences from over 17 years of experience in working as an outsourced compliance auditor, expert witness on HIPAA cases within the hospital setting, ER setting, and thoroughly explain how patients are now able to get cash remedies for wrongful disclosures of private health information. More importantly I will show you how to limit those risks by simply taking proactive steps and utilizing best practices. Why should you Attend: What can and can't we do in the hospital setting with patient information? What are the new liabilities involved? How can we ensure security but also ensure patient care? This once rarely enforced law has changed and you need to know What's going on! - there are new liabilities! What factors might spurn a HIPAA audit? …are you doing these things? Why are the Feds strictly enforcing after all these years? State laws are now much tougher increasing liability for patient remedies! We will be discussing some of the changes taking place in Washington with the Health and Human Services in regards to the enforcement of the HIPAA laws already on the books. I will go over some of the new changes specifically affecting the hospital as well as the emergency room setting I will also be discussing factors might cause an unwanted visit or letter from the Office of Civil Rights and how to prepare for a potential audit Areas Covered in the Sessi

Course "Marketing Products without Getting Hammered by FDA" has been pre-approved by RAPS as eligible for up to 12 credits towards a participant's RAC recertification upon full completion. Overview: With this seminar you will learn how to navigate FDA's legal requirements and its interpretations for enforcement purposes. The agency now applies the principles of cognitive psychology to aid in its determination of what a message really conveys. This becomes a new factor in trying to stay within FDA's legal corral. This conference will provide insight on how to manage your marketing activity and gauge what regulatory risks your business is willing to accept. You will learn how corporate management requires cooperation between marketing, regulatory affairs, legal counsel, manufacturing, engineering and finance departments. You will understand that a weak link in any department leaves the entire corporation vulnerable to FDA enforcement. Most importantly, you will understand the boundaries that FDA uses and how easy it is to cross them. With information from this course, you can step back and rationally evaluate your firm's regulatory profile for advertising and promotion. Why should you attend: If you go "off label" with advertising and promotion, you become embroiled in FDA's advertising and promotion requirements. For devices, the law is weak and lacks legal clarity. For drugs, FDA's law and regulations are extensive and have violated Constitutional protections. Depending on your point of FDA's promotion and advertising requirements can help you or hurt you? There is an inherent conflict in interests. In any case, you need to identify practical criteria to make marketing decisions. That begs the question of whether or not marketing managers and regulatory affairs managers will even try to agree on an issue. FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) has never issued a comprehensive guidance on advertising and promotion. You are on your own. CDER has esta

Overview: This webinar provides an overview of the MACRA legislation and developing regulations and guidelines. We'll help you understand how medical practices will be paid in the future for services to Medicare patients. You'll be asked to choose between two paths. If you choose to participate with other providers in an Advanced Payment Model, the larger organization will be paid for services provided and determine how to share those payments as well as any cost savings among the participants. If you choose the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS), your payment rate will vary based on how you perform on a variety of Medicare Quality Programs - PQRS, VBM, Meaningful Use and a 4th new component focused on Quality Improvement. You'll want to know as much as possible about the pros and cons of each option and how to make the right choice for your practice. Why should you Attend: Under the MACRA legislation, your providers will need to choose between participating in an Advanced Payment Model (APM) or participating in the new Merit-Based Incentive Payment System. Making the wrong choice can result in significant reductions in your future Medicare payments. You'll want to understand the options and have a plan in place by January 1, 2017 - that's only 6 months away. Areas Covered in the Session: Learn the requirements of the new MACRA legislation and how it will impact your Medicare payments in 2019 and beyond Find out what you need to be doing now to ensure you don't lose Medicare revenue in future years Understand the options - APM vs MIPS - and how your Medicare payments can increase or decrease under each model Identify what aspects of the new payment methodology are written into the legislation, what has been released through proposed regulations and when final rules are expected. Who Will Benefit: Practice Administrators, CEOs, COOs Physicians and all providers who bill to Medicare Quality Officers Nurse leaders Finance Directors Speaker Pro

Incidental disclosures form the crux of HIPAA compliance and patient care. HIPAA has elaborate rules on how to maintain these and in what situations. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), a landmark set of federal regulations, is aimed at protecting patient privacy regulations. Yet, it is understood that some information has to necessarily be shared. HIPAA compliance and patient care is centered on the inevitable disclosures that have to be made, or what are called incidental disclosures. Initially, there was some ambiguity about incidental disclosures, resulting in some kind of haziness about HIPAA compliance and patient care. With these cleared, much of HIPAA compliance and patient care hinges on this principle. Incidental disclosures determine patient care compliance with HIPAA Incidental disclosures are what are termed secondary use, i.e., it is the unavoidable or inevitable disclosure of Protected Health Information. It is understood that incidental disclosures, being a byproduct of the course or nature of the treatment; are inescapable, given the condition and situation of the patient. Guiding factors for HIPAA compliance with patient care The aim of HIPAA's Privacy Rule is to ensure that healthcare providers have to use professional judgment guided by ethical guidelines at the time of making incidental disclosures. The following bases were propounded for adherence with HIPAA compliance and patient care: Whenever there is an unavoidable breach in confidentiality, the breach should be proportionate to the potential benefit the patient's gets from care When a patient is not present in the healthcare setting or is incapacitated, information about the patient can be shared with the family, friends or whoever else is involved in the patient's care. This protocol need not be documented. In relation to the above, a requirement of HIPAA compliance for patient care is that when the patient has a condition that is not related to the present tr

Overview: This lesson will be going into great detail regarding your practice or business information technology and how it relates to the HIPAA Security Rule, in particular portable devices. Areas covered will be texting, email, encryption, medical messaging, voice data and risk factors as they relate to IT. I will uncover myths versus reality as it relates to this very enigmatic law based on over 600 risk assessments performed as well as years of experience in dealing directly with the Office of Civil Rights HIPAA auditors. I will also speak to real life audits conducted by the Federal government (I've been on both sides of these audits) what your highest risks are for being fined (some of the risk factors may surprise you). In addition this course will cover the highest risk factors for being sued for wrongful disclosures of PHI and the manner in which patients are now using state laws to sue for wrongful disclosures. Don't always believe what you read online about HIPAA, especially as it relates to encryption and IT, there are a lot of groups selling more than is necessarily required. Why should you Attend: HIPAA NOW HAS TEETH! Be prepared for what's new in 2016! Protect your practice or business! what factors might spurn a HIPAA audit? …are you doing these things? Why are the Feds enforcing after all these years? It is important to understand the new changes going on at Health and Human Services as it relates to enforcement of HIPAA for both covered entities and business associates as it relates to portable devices, texting, and emailing of PHI. You need to know how to avoid being low hanging in terms of audit risk as well as being sued by individuals who have had their PHI wrongfully discloses due to bad IT practices. I have also been expert witness on multiple court cases where a business or medical practice is being sued for not doing their due diligence to minimize risk. Areas Covered in the Session: Updates for 2016 BYOD Portable devices B

HIPAA Survival Guide: The HIPAA Survival Guide is a set of practical help guides that seek to make compliance with HIPAA and HITECH easy for providers. This kit is some kind of checklist on what to keep in mind and implement to survive a HIPAA audit. The HIPAA Survival Guide was created as a need to comply with the HIPAA audit requirements. It evolved as a response to simplifying the HIPAA Privacy Rule and HIPAA Security Rule without its legal complexity. In other words, the framers of this Guide have developed this concept strictly as a guide, rather than as a legally enforceable set of rules. "Forest from the trees" approach: The HIPAA Survival Guide came into being in order to help users understand HIPAA and HITECH better. The approach the developers of this Guide adapted was what was called the "forest from the trees" way, because the aim was to help users navigate and wade through the complex text. It was aimed at helping them chaff and finesse the parts that required their compliance into simple terms. HIPAA Survival Guide is thus not a strict, legislative Act that lays down rules for conformity. No wonder, it was developed by the joint efforts of a Registered Nurse and an Attorney, who wanted to facilitate a greater understanding of the legislation's audit requirements. The basis on which this Guide came into existence was the HIPAA and HITECH background. It concerns itself with only the part of HIPAA and HITECH relating to a part of Covered Entities, namely providers. This is deliberate, since the aim of this Guide is to help small providers with guidelines aimed at simplifying their task. Important steps for HIPAA survival: The fundamental goal of the HIPAA Survival Guide is to equip providers with the knowledge of what needs to be kept in order and fine-tuned if they have to meet regulatory requirements. These are the thumb rules for the HIPAA Survival Guide: Documenting the provider's privacy, security and breach policies and revie

Ensuring Patient Safety in Surgical Environments is Critical for Healthcare Providers A critical component of patient safety relates to surgical environments. Surgical theaters are prone to causing a high degree of harm. This can be from a number of sources. Patient safety in surgical environments can be from any microbe or fungus in any of the accessories used during surgery, such as ECG machine, the echo machine, or other related ones. A host of external factors can impinge upon patient safety in surgical environments Patient safety in surgical environments can also be compromised on account of the use of infected items such as swabs, sponges, knives, forceps, needles, catheters, tubes or any other such accessories or instruments. Patient safety in surgical environments can also get affected by the presence of microscopic allergens and molds in any bedding or clothing item. Even germs transmitted from the caregivers can be a source of lack of patient safety in surgical environments. Another major source where patient safety in surgical environments can suffer is when items are left behind in patients��� bodies by the surgeon. There have been innumerable cases of entire surgical items being left behind in the patient, even in the best hospitals, when surgery is performed by the best surgeons. Get a proper understanding of the underlying causes What do all these point to? These point to the fact that all the factors mentioned above are manmade and are preventable. So, understanding the root of the problem is the key to ensuring patient safety in surgical environments. East and west carry differences Any approach to a solution for ensuring patient safety in surgical environments has to start with the understanding that different healthcare and surgical environments exist in different parts of the world. A surgical environment in Germany for instance is vastly different from that in say, Ghana. So, an individualized approach is What is needed. It is to be note

Overview:   We will review the various elements of the physician employment agreement, focusing on the pitfalls and the problems that can develop when the agreement does not clearly define the relationship, and/or when the parties do not fully understand what is being agreed to. Such items as term and termination, termination for cause, duties of the physician, call, non-compete, and compensation are all items that should be clearly set out in the agreement and fully understood by the parties. Why should you attend: Formal written contracts establish the legal relationship between the parties; they state the terms and conditions of that relationship and the rights and obligations of each party. They confirm the intentions and relationships of the parties as they enter into this relationship, and they eliminate uncertainties regarding mutual rights, obligations, and relationships. If everything remained as it is at the time the agreement is signed, there would be little need for formal documents. However, the agreement serves to protect against future disputes. Therefore, it should include as precise language as possible. Ambiguous terms in agreements are of little effect when disputes occur over the meaning of a party's rights or obligations. You should attend to gain an understanding of what should and what should not be in a physician employment agreement. Areas Covered in the Session: Corporate practice of medicine Term and termination Termination for Cause Severance pay Provision allowing physician to terminate for cause Severance pay Duties of the physician Standards for the provision of professional services Referral to hospital Continuing medical education Who Will Benefit: Physicians Healthcare executives Physician practice managers Speaker Profile William Mack Copeland MS, JD, PhD, LFACHE, practices health care law in Cincinnati at the firm of Copeland Law, LLC. He is also president of Executive & Managerial Development Group, a consu

Overview: This lesson will be going into great detail regarding you practice or business information technology and how it relates to the HIPAA Security Rule, in particular portable devices and personally owned devices. Areas covered will be texting, email, encryption, medical messaging, voice data and risk factors as they relate to IT. I will uncover myths versus reality as it relates to this very enigmatic law based on over 600 risk assessments performed as well as years of experience in dealing directly with the Office of Civil Rights HIPAA auditors. I will also speak to real life audits conducted by the Federal government (I've been on both sides of these audits) what your highest risks are for being fined (some of the risk factors may surprise you). In addition this course will cover the highest risk factors for being sued for wrongful disclosures of PHI and the manner in which patients are now using state laws to sue for wrongful disclosures.  Don't always believe what you read online about HIPAA, especially as it relates to encryption and IT, there are a lot of groups selling more than is necessarily required.  Why should you Attend: HIPAA NOW HAS TEETH! Be prepared for what's new in 2016! Protect your practice or business! what factors might spurn a HIPAA audit? …are you doing these things? Why are the Feds enforcing after all these years?  It is important to understand the new changes going on at Health and Human Services as it relates to enforcement of HIPAA for both covered entities and business associates as it relates to portable devices, texting, and emailing of PHI. You need to know how to avoid being low hanging in terms of audit risk as well as being sued by individuals who have had their PHI wrongfully discloses due to bad IT practices. I have also been expert witness on multiple court cases where a business or medical practice is being sued for not doing their due diligence to minimize risk.  Areas Covered in the Session: Update

Overview: One of the major requirements of the health care organization to be HIPAA compliant is to develop and implement a set of HIPAA privacy and security policies and procedures. This can be a daunting task for those not knowing where to start and what a set of HIPAA privacy and security policies and procedures should look like. For the cost conscious health care organization, the HIPAA policies and procedures can have multiple uses: first, they can become a basis for training the health care organization workforce; second, they can be used as a basis for conducting a HIPAA self-assessment; and third, they can be used to demonstrate due diligence should there be a breach or an externalHIPAA compliance audit. In today's world it is not necessary that the health care organization spend significant funds to develop a set of HIPAA privacy and security policies and procedures from scratch. The health care organization can likely find templates on the internet that can be used as a starting point to customize HIPAA policies and procedures to be unique for the health care organization. The preparation of a well-documented set of HIPAA policies and procedures needs to be addressed through the development of Privacy and Security policies and procedures that address each of the requirements shown in the HIPAA regulations as amended by the HITECH law and the final Omnibus Regulations. The process of developing the HIPAA privacy and security policies and procedures also provides a reference for the health care organization how to consider the security addressable and required regulation requirements. Why should you attend: There are three situations where having a set of HIPAA policies and procedures are needed: First, the policies and procedures become a good reference to ensure that all areas are addressed for becoming HIPAA compliant. Second, the HIPAA regulations REQUIRE covered entities and business associates to have a set of policies and procedures directing t

Clinical information: Clinical informatics is the new exciting kid on the block. With the right mix of aptitude and attitude, professionals can look forward to many opportunities and challenges in the field. An understanding of the coining of the term "clinical informatics" gives an idea of what it is. Clinical informatics is a combination of two words, "clinical" and "informatics". Together, these relate to the knowledge of how information technology works in the healthcare sector. It is very important for clinicians to understand the functioning of IT into its domain, because with the advent of IT; there has been a major need to integrate clinical practices with it. A clinician who understands the way IT impacts the workings on in her industry is a better equipped professional when it comes to handling IT-related issues in the clinical setting. A clinical informatics professional should have a clear idea of the following approaches to IT: Analysis Design Implementation Assessment of information and communication that enhance the quality of clinical informatics Single approach to multiple health areas: One important element that needs to be understood about clinical informatics is that given the scope and breadth of the area of clinical informatics; professionals from any discipline of health -be it pathology, pharmacy, dentistry, radiology, dermatology, etc. -apply the same principles of clinical informatics to optimize the use of IT in healthcare. This requires constant coordination and cooperation with professionals and practitioners of all these areas. Clinical informatics is thus an area which is interspersed with all these other specializations and can be used and applied in any of these areas. what should a clinical informatics professional ensure? The aim of clinical informatics is to use this discipline to coordinate with nearly all the areas of medicine to provide optimal outcomes in patient care that delivers and ens

Overview: Hospital chargemasters are complex and represent a key component for the revenue cycle of hospitals. Chargemasters are intertwined with coding for services, billing for services, charging for services and even involve the cost reporting process. A myriad of decisions must be made concerning how the chargemaster is organized, impacts on coding and billing, charge structuring, cost accounting, and other processes within the revenue cycle. Whenever decisions are made, policies and procedures should be developed, approved and implemented. A proper system of billing and chargemaster policies and procedures can help to maintain an appropriate compliance stance in a world where ambiguous guidance is often the norm. The development of charges and charge structuring within the chargemaster is a major issue often referred to as transparent pricing. While even the Medicare program maintains that hospitals should charge for everything, the way in which charges are set and amalgamated at the claim level can vary significantly between hospitals. A key issue for the chargemaster is differentiating separately charging from separately reporting. The way in which hospitals make decisions about the bundling of charges at the line-item level within the chargemaster leads to many decisions, all of which need justification through proper policies and procedures. Due consideration must be given to departmental concerns about revenue generation, cost reporting implications, coding implications and any associate challenges with billing and claims filing. Why should you Attend: See Typical Questions - Here are some reworded marketing questions: Why are the chargemaster and hospital billing targets of compliance audits? How should we prioritize statutory and contractual compliance for the chargemaster and billing process? Will chargemaster and associated billing policies and procedures give us protection relative to compliance? How should we develop a system of chargemaster po

What is all this hype about a gluten free diet? Why do some people lose their weight after switching to a gluten free diet? What are the health benefits of avoiding grains? Read on to find out What doctors and nutritionists have to say about a gluten free diet plan.

You must have heard of a gluten free diet on the TV or from a friend. There is a lot of hype in the press about gluten free diets for people who have been diagnosed with Celiac's disease. At the same time, there are those who wish to go gluten free because of the health benefits involved.

If you are struggling with infertility and have no idea what to do or how to resolve the biggest complications, then you need to take the essential step right now and acknowledge what the top infertility treatments as suggested by top fertility experts are: IVF, IUI & ICSI, for more details visit the link.

Overview: Many medical entities are increasingly struggling to manage revenue effectively. Self pay is on the rise due to high deductibles. Bad debt is increasing. What is your plan to manage these areas? Staff trained in denial management? Variances? Are they handling these areas in a timely manner? Payers have time limits in which dollars can be salvaged. Missing those strategic times mean dollars lost. Don't leave money on the table. We will discuss multiple avenues in which strong training and timely action can equal $$$. Why should you Attend: Don't lose hard earned revenue. Learn tips to strategic follow up, when and how to manage the appeal process. Is the claim appealable? Partial payments and why? Today's industry of high dollar deductibles create the necessity to expend additional efforts on self-pay accounts. There is a significant difference in collecting small co-pays and managing large balances. Bad debt creep? What is your plan for managing these areas? Areas Covered in the Session: Hire the right staff - Then engage in ongoing education Variances and denial management Billing compliance Coding for specificity, co-existing conditions and correct modifiers Supporting medical necessity CCI edits and unbundling Productivity Claims follow up Payer processing edits Additional development requests Handling problem claims and appeals Who Will Benefit: Coders Billers Revenue cycle Physicians, mid-level providers Nurses Claims follow-up Managers Speaker Profile Dorothy D. Steed is an Independent Healthcare Consultant and Educator in Atlanta. She was a Medicare specialist for a large hospital system and a physician coding audit supervisor for another hospital system, with 38 years of experience in healthcare. Additionally, she is an instructor at a state technical college in Atlanta, provides auditing & training in both facility and physician services, and has been a speaker at several healthcare conferences. Ms. Steed has written articles for

Understanding What Causes Leg Cramps