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Effective postoperative pain management is a key component of the medical care of every surgical patient. Inadequate treatment of postoperative pain in hospital is still a common complaint by patients in Germany. Improper pain management, while being unethical, can lead to increased mortality or morbidity. During any surgical procedure, patients have some level of pain. It may not be intolerable to them, but for those who are undergoing a major surgery, pain can be severely uncomfortable and interfere with daily activities and social interactions. It has been estimated that up to one third of all surgical procedures will cause pain to occur, especially those performed in the upper body. These may include breast reduction, breast augmentation, rhinoplasty, lumpectomies, and hysterectomies. Postoperative pain is often the result of the trauma caused by the surgical procedure itself. The trauma may be caused by a misalignment of vertebrae, or by the use of anesthesia. The success or failure of post-operative pain management depends on the type of surgery performed, the extent of the injury and the type of sedative, narcotic, muscle relaxant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory medication used, and any other medications taken. The most commonly prescribed medications during the period immediately after a surgical procedure are anti-anxiety medications such as benzodiazepines (atypical and non-atypical), muscle relaxants (pentasa, tramadol, nifedipine, guazepam, and lofexidene), antidepressants (fluoxetine, paroxetine, anafranil, and fluoxetine), opiates, nitrous oxide, and vasoconstrictors. Read more @ https://coherentmarketinsights-cmi.blogspot.com/2020/12/inadequate-postoperative-pain.html