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summer of 1963.

The changes strengthened President Kennedy's original proposal in response to the tumultuous summer of 1963,which saw several incidents of racially motivated violence across the South.  The House Judiciary Committee approved the legislation on October 26, 1963, and formally reported it to the full House on November 20, 1963, just two days before President Kennedy was assassinated.  On November 27, 1963, President Lyndon Johnson asserted his commitment to President Kennedy's legislative agenda, particularly civil rights legislation.  The House of Representatives passed a final version of the Civil Rights Act on February 10, 1964.

The bill came before the Senate in February 1964. 

Senate Majority Leader Mike Mansfield filed a procedural motion to prevent the Civil Rights Act of 1964

The Senate began debate on the proposal on March 30, 1964.

Senator Edward Kennedy, a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee, dedicated his first speech on the floor of the U.S. Senate to the consideration of the Civil Rights Act. 

passed on June 19, 1964, by a vote of 73 to 27. 

The Civil Rights Act paved the way for future anti-discrimination legislation, including the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

When the bill finally passed the Senate, King hailed it as one that would ‘‘bring practical relief to the Negro in the South, and will give the Negro in the North a psychological boost that he sorely needs’’ (King, 19 June 1964).

On 2 July 1964, Johnson signed the new Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law with King and other civil rights leaders present.

created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to address race and sex discrimination in employment and a Community Relations Service to help local communities solve racial disputes; authorized federal intervention to ensure the desegregation of schools, parks, swimming pools, and other public facilities; and restricted the use of literacy tests as a requirement for voter registration.

the government of East Germany, on the night of August 12, 1961, began to seal off all points of entrance into West Berlin from East Berlin by stringing barbed wire and posting sentries.

President John F. Kennedy believed that "A wall is a hell of a lot better than a war."

sealing off the two sections of Berlin.

Commanders of U.S. troops in West Berlin even began to make plans to bulldoze the wall,

concrete block wall began, complete with sentry towers and minefields around it.

attempt to reassure the West Germans that the United States was not abandoning them, Kennedy traveled to the Berlin Wall in June 1963, and famously declared, "Ich bin ein Berliner!" ("I am a Berliner!").

Since the word "Berliner" was commonly referred to as a jelly doughnut throughout most of Germany, Kennedy's improper use of German grammar was also translated as "I am a jelly doughnut."

meaning that he stood together with West Berlin in its rivalry with communist East Berlin and the German Democratic Republic was understood by the German people.

the Berlin Wall became a physical symbol of the Cold War.

During the lifetime of the wall, nearly 80 people were killed trying to escape from East to West Berlin.

President John F. Kennedy gave inspiration and hope to the American people in his speech to Congress on May 25, 1961 in which he stated, "I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth."

At 9:32 a.m. on July 16, 1969, the Saturn V rocket launched Apollo 11 into the sky from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

three-day journey to the moon, called the translunar coast.

On July 19, at 1:28 p.m. EDT, Apollo 11 entered the moon's orbit.

At 4:18 p.m. EDT on July 20, 1969, the landing module landed on the moon's surface in the Sea of Tranquility with only seconds of fuel left.

Armstrong reported to the command center in Houston, "Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed." Houston responded, "Roger, Tranquility. We copy you on the ground. You got a bunch of guys about to turn blue. We're breathing again."

six-and-a-half hours resting and then preparing themselves for their moon walk.

Neil Armstrong was the first person out of the lunar module.

set foot on the moon at 10:56 p.m. EDT.

"That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."