The report ranks 171 nations in terms of their risk. It has two components: the exposure they face from extreme events like typhoons, drought and earthquakes, and their ability to deal with those catastrophes, or their vulnerability. Sea-level rise is a key driver of the assessment. Many of the top 10 nations facing high risks are located along coastlines.
Drilling has been so intense near Fox Creek that its been linked to a series of earthquakes. One tremor measured 4.6 in magnitude, one of the two biggest human-induced seismic event in Canada's history.
New "enhanced geothermal systems" (EGS), however, look set to make geothermal a bigger energy generation contributor-and potentially as controversial as shale. The industry may dislike the comparison, but EGS is geothermal fracking.