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 The electronic portfolio offers many advantages to  its paper-based counterpart,  including - but not limited to - hyperlinked navigation, adding multimedia and the ease of sharing the portfolio. Previous research showed that the quality of a portfolio does not depend on the medium used. This paper studies the effect of the portfolio medium on perceived support for self-reflection and on the students' learning outcomes. We made use of the fact that during this study about half of the first year medical students used an electronic portfolio (n=157) and the other half a paper-based portfolio (n=190)