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High levels of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mate drinks. Kamangar F, Schantz MM, Abnet CC, Fagundes RB, Dawsey SM. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008 May;17(5):1262-8. PMID: 18483349 doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0025

The beverage maté: a risk factor for cancer of the head and neck. Goldenberg D, Golz A, Joachims HZ. Head Neck. 2003 Jul;25(7):595-601. Review. PMID: 12808663 DOI: 10.1002/hed.10288

White button mushroom phytochemicals inhibit aromatase activity and breast cancer cell proliferation. Grube BJ, Eng ET, Kao YC, Kwon A, Chen S. J Nutr. 2001 Dec;131(12):3288-93. PMID: 11739882

Anti-aromatase activity of phytochemicals in white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus). Chen S, Oh SR, Phung S, Hur G, Ye JJ, Kwok SL, Shrode GE, Belury M, Adams LS, Williams D. Cancer Res. 2006 Dec 15;66(24):12026-34. PMID: 17178902 doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-2206

White button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) exhibits antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties and inhibits prostate tumor growth in athymic mice. Adams LS, Phung S, Wu X, Ki L, Chen S. Nutr Cancer. 2008;60(6):744-56. PMID: 19005974

Interleukin 2-mediated conversion of ovarian cancer-associated CD4+ regulatory T cells into proinflammatory interleukin 17-producing helper T cells. Leveque L, Deknuydt F, Bioley G, Old LJ, Matsuzaki J, Odunsi K, Ayyoub M, Valmori D. J Immunother. 2009 Feb-Mar;32(2):101-8. PMID: 19238008 doi: 10.1097/CJI.0b013e318195b59e Thus, although the impact of TH17 cells on the evolution of EOC remains to be established, our data suggest that local IL-2 treatment in ovarian cancer may result in the conversion of tumor-associated Treg into TH17 cells, relieve Treg-mediated suppression, and contribute to enhance antitumor immunity.

Lysis of tumor cells by natural killer cells in mice is impeded by platelets. Nieswandt B, Hafner M, Echtenacher B, Männel DN. Cancer Res. 1999 Mar 15;59(6):1295-300. PMID: 10096562

Systemic treatment with the antidiabetic drug metformin selectively impairs p53-deficient tumor cell growth. Buzzai M, Jones RG, Amaravadi RK, Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Zhao F, Viollet B, Thompson CB. Cancer Res. 2007 Jul 15;67(14):6745-52. PMID: 17638885 doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-4447

The combination effects index (CI) analysis confirmed the synergy of clioquinol and clofibrate on inhibiting cancer cell viability. Using inhibitors to block PPARalpha signaling diminished the synergistic cytotoxicity of clioquinol and DHA. These results provide pharmacological evidence that the synergistic anticancer action of clioquinol and DHA is mediated by PPARalpha signaling in human cancer cells. PPARalpha signaling mediates the synergistic cytotoxicity of clioquinol and docosahexaenoic acid in human cancer cells. Tuller ER, Brock AL, Yu H, Lou JR, Benbrook DM, Ding WQ. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 May 1;77(9):1480-6. Epub 2009 Feb 13. PMID: 19426685

In vitro and in vivo immunomodulating and immunorestorative effects of Astragalus membranaceus. Cho WC, Leung KN. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Aug 15;113(1):132-41. Epub 2007 May 31. PMID: 17611061 doi:10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.020    

Seneca Valley virus, a systemically deliverable oncolytic picornavirus, and the treatment of neuroendocrine cancers. Reddy PS, Burroughs KD, Hales LM, Ganesh S, Jones BH, Idamakanti N, Hay C, Li SS, Skele KL, Vasko AJ, Yang J, Watkins DN, Rudin CM, Hallenbeck PL. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Nov 7;99(21):1623-33. Epub 2007 Oct 30. PMID: 17971529 doi:10.1093/jnci/djm198

The influence of processing and preservation on the retention of health-promoting compounds in broccoli. Galgano F, Favati F, Caruso M, Pietrafesa A, Natella S. J Food Sci. 2007 Mar;72(2):S130-5. PMID: 17995854 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00258.x

Heating decreases epithiospecifier protein activity and increases sulforaphane formation in broccoli. Matusheski NV, Juvik JA, Jeffery EH. Phytochemistry. 2004 May;65(9):1273-81. PMID: 15184012 doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.04.013

Inhibition of skin tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo by activation of cannabinoid receptors. Casanova ML, Blázquez C, Martínez-Palacio J, Villanueva C, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Huffman JW, Jorcano JL, Guzmán M. J Clin Invest. 2003 Jan;111(1):43-50. PMID: 12511587 doi:10.1172/JCI16116

Frankincense oil derived from Boswellia carteri induces tumor cell specific cytotoxicity. Frank MB, Yang Q, Osban J, Azzarello JT, Saban MR, Saban R, Ashley RA, Welter JC, Fung KM, Lin HK. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2009 Mar 18;9(1):6. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 19296830 doi:10.1186/1472-6882-9-6

In vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects of Astragalus membranaceus. Cho WC, Leung KN. Cancer Lett. 2007 Jul 8;252(1):43-54. Epub 2007 Jan 16. PMID: 17223259 doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2006.12.001

Ginger inhibits cell growth and modulates angiogenic factors in ovarian cancer cells. Rhode J, Fogoros S, Zick S, Wahl H, Griffith KA, Huang J, Liu JR. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2007 Dec 20;7:44. PMID: 18096028 doi:10.1186/1472-6882-7-44

Docosahexaenoic acid suppresses arachidonic acid-induced proliferation of LS-174T human colon carcinoma cells. Habbel P, Weylandt KH, Lichopoj K, Nowak J, Purschke M, Wang JD, He CW, Baumgart DC, Kang JX. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Mar 7;15(9):1079-84. PMID: 19266600

Opposing effects of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on pancreatic cancer growth. Funahashi H, Satake M, Hasan S, Sawai H, Newman RA, Reber HA, Hines OJ, Eibl G. Pancreas. 2008 May;36(4):353-62. PMID: 18437081 doi: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e31815ccc44

Induction of ovarian cancer cell apoptosis by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 through the down-regulation of telomerase. Jiang F, Bao J, Li P, Nicosia SV, Bai W. J Biol Chem. 2004 Dec 17;279(51):53213-21. Epub 2004 Oct 12. PMID: 15485861 doi: 10.1074/jbc.M410395200 Overall, the study suggests that the down-regulation of telomerase activity by 1,25(OH)2VD3 and the resulting cell death are important components of the response of OCa cells to 1,25(OH)2VD3-induced growth suppression. Progressive shortening of telomere associated with cell divisions limits the life span of normal cells and eventually leads to senescence. To become immortal, human cancers including OCa are invariably associated with activation of mechanism that maintains telomere length. Approximately 85-90% of cancers show reactivation of telomerase. The present study shows that telomerase in OCa cells is down-regulated by 1,25(OH)2VD3. Down-regulation of telomerase is due to decreased stability of hTERT mRNA rather than VDRE-mediated transcriptional repression through the putative VDRE present in the regulatory region of the hTERT gene. It is known that the inhibition of telomerase may lead to a phenotypic lag during which cells would continue to divide until the point at which the telomeres became critically short. This phenomenon may explain why the apoptotic induction by 1,25(OH)2VD3 needs the treatment for more than 6 days. As mentioned in the results, no detectable shortening of telomeric repeats was observed in parental OVCAR3 cells after 9 days of treatment with 1,25(OH)2VD3 (Fig. 4D). This is likely due to the fact that the short telomere (about 3 kb) in OVCAR3 cells is very close to the minimal length required for survival and that cells with detectably shorter telomere may have been selected against apoptosis. It has been shown that transformed human cells enter crisis once the terminal restriction fragment of the telomere reaches a length of about 4 kb. This is insufficient to protect chro